Design of a neutron-TPC prototype and its performance evaluation based on an alpha-particle test

A neutron-TPC(n TPC)is being developed for use as a fast neutron spectrometer in the fields of nuclear physics,nuclear reactor operation monitoring,and thermo-nuclear fusion plasma diagnostics.An n TPC prototype based on a GEM-TPC(Time Projection Chamber with Gas Electron Multiplier amplification)has been assembled and tested using argon-hydrocarbon mixture as the working gas.By measuring the energy deposition of the recoil proton in the sensitive volume and the angle of the proton track,the incident neutron energy can be deduced.A Monte Carlo simulation was carried out to analyze the parameters affecting the energy resolution of the n TPC,and gave an optimized resolution under ideal conditions.An alpha particle experiment was performed to verify its feasibility,and to characterize its performance,including energy resolution and spatial resolution.Based on the experimental measurement and analysis,the energy resolution(FWHM)of the n TPC prototype is predicted to be better than 3.2%for 5 Me V incident neutrons,meeting the performance requirement(FWHM5%)for the n TPC prototype.     

Performance study of the PTFE-THGEM at room and low temperature

GPM based on THGEM has shown its competitive strength compared to the conventional PMT, espe- cially in the low background research such as dark matter detection. A kind of THGEM made from PTFE, named PTFE-THGEM, is developed for the GPM to be used in CDEX. The PTFE has a lot of advantages especially its low level radioactivity. The PTFE-THGEM was tested at room and cryogenic temperature. It has a high gain in different gases and shows good stability at room temperature. The gain of a single PTFE-THGEM reached 112 at 117 K. The penning effect is also discussed in this paper to explain the ＂abnormal＂ phenomena of the gain in different gases.     

Performance study of the PTFE-THGEM at room and low temperature

GPM based on THGEM has shown its competitive strength compared to the conventional PMT,especially in the low background research such as dark matter detection. A kind of THGEM made from PTFE,named PTFE-THGEM,is developed for the GPM to be used in CDEX. The PTFE has a lot of advantages especially its low level radioactivity. The PTFE-THGEM was tested at room and cryogenic temperature. It has a high gain in different gases and shows good stability at room temperature. The gain of a single PTFE-THGEM reached 112 at 117 K. The penning effect is also discussed in this paper to explain the “abnormal” phenomena of the gain in different gases.     

气泡泵在冷态试验下的性能研究

搭建气泡输入式冷态试验系统,以常压饱和水为工质,均匀输入空气形成连续气泡用于模拟气泡泵运行系统,对气泡泵的性能进行研究。其实验结果与在加热状态下气泡泵的性能相比较,综合分析气体输入量(可转换成加热量)、沉浸比等对气泡泵性能的影响,提出产生此结果的原因。     

Performance study of new style mosaic MRPC

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) at LHC intends to use a high rate trapezoid MRPC for the muon system upgrade, but the size of the MRPC is limited by the dimensions of low resistivity glass. We have designed a prototype of a large MRPC in which the electrodes are developed by gluing two pieces of glass plates. Simulation of the weighting field and cosmic ray test shows that the efficiency of the glued MRPC is higher than 96% and the time resolution is better than 71 ps.     

Performance study of the KrCl discharge laser with liquid chlorine donors

The effects of liquid chlorine donors (BCl₃ and CCl₄) on the output energy and the efficiency of a KrCl laser (222 nm) are investigated. Maximum laser energies of 230 mJ (3.3 J/l) in pulses of 16 ns duration were obtained from a 0.035% BCl₃/10.1% Kr/89.8% Ne mixture at a total pressure of 2600 Torr, and at a specific power loading of about 24 MW/cm³, a power conversion efficiency of 0.86% was obtained. These figures are reduced by a factor of two when He is used as buffer gas. Much weaker laser emissions were obtained when CCl₄ was used as a chlorine donor.     

螺杆氨机中间压力性能研究

研究了闪发型经济器系统对制冷剂为R717的冷冻机组性能的影响,分析了补气压力的变化对机组制冷性能的影响。实验研究表明,随着经济器的补气压力的升高,冷冻机组的制冷量和轴功率逐渐减小,而制冷系数先增加后减小,从而确定最佳补气位置。     

Einstein制冷循环气泡泵的性能研究

基于Einstein制冷循环设计了气泡泵实验装置,以氨水为工质,对给定工况下气泡泵的性能进行研究。对沉浸比和加热功率对气泡泵的提升性能的影响进行分析,并将实验值与理论模型进行比较。结果表明:气泡泵的液体输送特性与气泡泵提升管管径、沉浸比、加热功率有关;气泡泵的液体流量随着加热功率增大、沉浸比的增大而增大,提升管内径对液体流量的影响不明显。实验结果与理论模型分析结果相一致。     

单级G-M 150制冷机性能实验研究

为满足高温超导和低温气体处理系统等工程应用项目的大冷量需求,单级大冷量G-M制冷机成为目前国内外的研究热点。文章中描述了以G-M150为基础的制冷机综合性能测试方法及实验平台,并对其制冷温度和制冷量两个主要性能的影响因素进行实验研究,为探讨20K单级大冷量G-M制冷机的研究提供参考。     

Performance study of a micro-pattern gas detector: leak microstructure

A micro-pattern gas detector named leak microstructure (LM) has been studied. A new chemical electrolytic technique is introduced to make perfect shaped LM needles with very sharp tips, and this method may be developed to make LM array detectors in batches. The experimental results are presented for both a single needle LM detector and a small LM array detector. The gas gain is up to 10⁵ by calculation from the waveform. Good gain stability and uniformity are achieved. The light emission from the needle tip is also measured in Ar/CF₄(95/5) gas mixture. The result shows a promising application for imaging.     

用于脉冲中子探测器的小型化高压模块性能研究

高压电源的性能特性对闪烁中子探测器的性能有着十分重要的影响。为克服传统高压供电设备体积大、便携性差的问题,在便携式脉冲中子探测器研制中拟采用内部集成小型化高压模块为光电倍增管提供高压的技术路线。根据实验结果,选用的高压模块最高输出高压可达2.5 kV并且具有良好的输出一致性,可适应16~36 V的工作电压,连续工作稳定性及温度稳定性优良,可以满足脉冲中子探测器研制的要求。     

双级热管转轮除湿空调系统性能研究

转轮除湿空调系统是将转轮除湿机与常用冷却方式相结合实现空调制冷的新型空调系统。为降低转轮除湿空调系统的再生能耗以及提高系统的冷却能力,本文提出双级热管转轮除湿空调系统,系统利用重力热管的冷凝段实现转轮除湿机的再生,蒸发段实现处理空气的冷却。建立了双级热管除湿转轮空调系统传热传湿模型,模拟分析了系统在不同工况下系统的降温除湿特性。研究表明,处理空气进口温度越高,系统的冷却能力越强但系统的除湿能力降低;处理空气湿度越高,系统的除湿能力越强,但系统的冷却能力降低;再生温度越高,系统除湿能力越强,系统热力性能系数越低,但冷却能力降低。综合降温除湿能力及节能要求,双级热管转轮除湿空调系统的再生温度不宜过高,推荐≤80℃。     

Performance study of microwave photonic phase shifter based on vector-sum technique

An integrated microwave photonic phase shifter based on vector-sum technique in silicon on insulator was verified and designed. The principle of phase-shift was demonstrated and the components were designed in detail. The interference was taken into account in the design and 0.3 nm line-width of a light source was required to make the coherent interference smallest even to be neglected. Owing to the compact size and excellent characteristics of integration, the proposed component has a promising utilization in optical communication and optical phased-array radar.     

Performance study of optical triangular-shaped pulse generation with full duty cycle

A scheme of triangular-shaped pulses with full duty cycle generation is proposed and analyzed.Benefiting from the feature of orthogonal polarization,two approximate sinusoidal signals on different polarization states can be combined without inducing coherent interference.By tuning the time mismatching between the two signals,an approximately triangular-shaped profile can be obtained in the optical intensity.It is found that the modulation index β is no longer a fixed one,but it can be aligned within a proper range of 0.92 to 1.57.To evaluate the proposal,impacts of radio frequency voltage fluctuation,bias voltage drift,and time mismatching are discussed.Within the defined fitting error(η≤ 3%),the tolerable range of the modulation index,time mismatching,and voltage have been found,which insures a simple operation in practice.     

Performance of 20 Ci137Cs γ-ray Compton spectrometer for the study of momentum densities

In this paper, we present the design and construction of a 20 Ci γ-ray Compton spectrometer that employs a¹³⁷ Cs source with a strong line at 661.65 keV. The total resolution of the spectrometer in momentum scale is 0.40 a.u., which is much better than the conventional²⁴¹Am Compton spectrometers. The in-house¹³⁷Cs spectrometer is very useful for the measurement of momentum densities of heavy materials. The performance of the machine is assessed using aluminum, terbium and mercury samples and the experimental data from comparable apparatus.     

逆升压式吊舱涡轮冷却器动力涡轮变工况特性研究

随着现代战机电子战能力的提升,电子吊舱设备发热功率日益增大,采用冲压空气作为冷源的逆升压式电子吊舱环控系统能够为机载吊舱提供充足的冷量。具有膨胀涡轮、动力涡轮、压缩涡轮的涡轮冷却器是逆升压式环控系统的核心部件。针对一种应用于机载电子吊舱的逆升压式空气循环系统进行了关键部件的匹配性能研究,通过改变动力轮进口压力来调节膨胀轮出口温度、压力、流量等参数,实现对环控系统的制冷量的控制,获得动力轮进口压力变化对环控系统性能的影响规律。     

数据中心服务器U型流道水冷散热器的性能研究

如何使散热器在保持较低流阻的基础上强化其散热性能,成为数据中心服务器冷却问题研究的焦点。通过对不同宽度比U型流道散热器的性能分析,发现宽度比为0.6、0.7或0.8的散热器,同时具有较佳的流动性能和散热性能。设计并制作了β为0.6的U型流道散热器,通过实验分析不同冷却水流量下散热器的芯片温度、热阻以及摩擦因子f,得出散热器最佳的冷却水流量为15 mL/s,以最小的流动损失获取更佳的散热效果。     

Performance of different types of detectors in a high-pressure X-ray study of phase transition

Abstract

Phase transitions in praseodymium and lanthanum under pressure have been studied using a synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction technique. A structure refinement of the distorted fcc phase of Pr using diffraction data collected with an imaging plate (IP) detector demonstrate that among some possible structures the rhombohedral structure with space group R3m best reproduces the observed diffraction pattern. The distorted fcc-fcc phase transition in La was observed as a function of the temperature at 23 GPa using a CCD-based detector. A five-minute exposure sufficiently long to measure the intensities of very weak superlattice reflections from the distorted fcc phase, which has been found to transform to the fcc phase at 550 K. The performance of the IP and a CCD-based detector are compared and their future developments discussed.     

Performance study of a liquid-core Bragg fiber sensor in presence of a defect layer

Performance parameter of a Bragg fiber waveguide based resonant sensor in presence of a defect layer in cladding regions is theoretically studied. The Bragg fiber waveguide consists of a liquid-core surrounded by alternate high and low refractive indices materials in cladding regions. Reflectivity of the proposed waveguide based resonant sensor is formulated using transfer matrix method for a non-homogeneous multilayer cylindrical system. The waveguide shows a band gap region with a narrow defect mode in the band gap region under the considered wavelength range. Instead of taking a whole band gap as a sensing signal, here the defect peak is taken as the sensing signal. It is observed that the intensity of defect mode is more sensitive for core refractive index than the intensity of traditional band gap region (lobe). This study shows that the higher sensitivity can be achieved by creating the defect at a position in cladding region where the intensity of transmitted light lies between 40% and 90%. Presence of a defect layer is able to increase the detection accuracy of the sensor and, hence increase the overall performance of this sensor.