顶羽菊化学成分的研究

本文对顶羽菊植物化学成分进行了研究,从中分离出9种化合物,用红外、紫外、核磁共振和质谱分析以及化学反应鉴定了结构,它们是二十九碳烷(Ⅰ)、二十二烷醇(Ⅱ)、豆甾烷醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、豆甾-7-烯-3-醇(Ⅴ)、三十四碳酸(Ⅵ)、2,4-二(邻甲基偶氮苯)-萘酚-1(Ⅶ)、β-谷甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅷ)、洋芹素-5-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅸ),其中化合物Ⅶ是首次从天然界获得。     

百合的化学成分研究

对百合干燥鳞茎95%乙醇提取得到乙醇提取浓缩部位A和药渣B,对乙醇提取浓缩部位A用石油醚、正丁醇、水萃取后得到水部位部位C,对B用60%丙酮提取物的水溶性部位D。把部位C和部位D合并,利用MCI gel CHP 20P、TSK gel Toyopearl HW-40F、Cosmosil 75 C18-OPN等现代分离技术对上述部分进行分离纯化,通过现代波普技术分析鉴定其化学结构。结果从中分离出3个化合物,分别是methylgroupO-β-D-glucopyranoside(1)、methylpropenylO-β-D-glucopyranoside(2)、phenylmethyl O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1”-6′)-β-D-glucopyranoside(3)。以上三个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

中药三棱的化学模式识别研究

以商品三棱中２０种宏量及微量元素的含量为分类特征，用非线性映照法对３２个样品进行了鉴别分类，准确地区分了药典规定的正品三棱和非正品三棱，所得结果与生药学鉴定完全一致，为中药鉴定提供了一种全新的方法。     

滋补药材川明参的化学成分分析

综合报道我国特有滋补药材川明参的化学成分分析.川明参含有大量线性呋喃香豆素和少量简单香豆素、三萜、黄酮和甾体等化合物.分析表明不同产地和不同部位川明参的化学成分结构类型相似,但所含化合物的具体结构存在较大差别,在开发和应用时应引起注意.     

冬凌草的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析方法从冬凌草的全草乙醇提取物中分离了7个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱分析方法分别鉴定为豆甾醇(Ⅰ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ),冬凌草乙素(Ⅲ),lasiodon in(Ⅳ),冬凌草甲素(Ⅴ),5,3,′4′-三羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅵ)和胡麻素(Ⅶ).化合物Ⅰ为首次从该属植物中分得,化合物Ⅵ为首次从该植物中分得.     

丹参素研究概况

对丹参素近年来各方面的研究进行了概述,包括丹参素化学结构及性质,提取分离、含量测定及药理研究,为丹参素开发利用提供了依据。     

A Novel Phenylpropanoid-substituted Catechin Glycoside and a New Dihydrochalcone from Sarcandra glabra

Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai [Chloranthus glaber (Thunb.) Makino] (Chloranthace-ae) grows in the southern part of China, Japan and southeastern Asia. It is cultivated inJapan as ornamental plant. The whole plant has been used as an antibacterial and an…     

黑紫橐吾化学成分的分离与鉴定

利用各种色谱技术对黑紫橐吾的乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行分离纯化, 并且根据一维和二维波谱数据进行结构鉴定. 共分离得到4个呋喃雅槛蓝型倍半萜: 1α-氯-6β-异丁酰基-9-酮-10β-羟基-呋喃雅槛蓝烷(1), 1α-羟基-6β-异丁酰基-9-酮-10β-氢-呋喃雅槛蓝烷(2), 1α-羟基-6β-异丁酰基-9-酮-10α-氢-呋喃雅槛蓝烷(3)和1α,10β-二羟基-6β-当归酰基-9-酮-呋喃雅槛蓝烷(4). 其中化合物1为新化合物, 并且通过X射线单晶衍射确定了绝对构型; 化合物2~4为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Unique phenolic constituent in Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. through Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology

Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. exerts significant antioxidative due to its high phenolic constituent content. In this study, the extraction condition of the phenolic constituents and antioxidant effect was optimized by the Box‐Behnken design and response surface methodology. Eleven main bioactive analytes of Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. were simultaneously quantified by high‐performance capillary electrophoresis with diode‐array detector to assess the effect of extraction technology. The optimal extraction parameters were determined as: the concentration of ethanol 56.21%, liquid/solid ratio 14.65:1, and extraction time 1.64 h for 2.67 times. According to the results, a maximal value of total phenolic acids (3.67 mg/g) was obtained. Meanwhile, the influence of different extraction technology on antioxidant activities were evaluated by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′‐azino‐bis‐(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonate), ferric reducing antioxidant power and hydroxyl radical scavenging method. The results presented here showed that the content of phenolic acid and antioxidant effect was much higher than the European Pharmacopoeia. Altogether, this method successfully applied response surface methodology to optimize the Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. extract with high antioxidant activities.     

Neolignan glycoside from Angelica dahurica

A new neolignan glycoside, 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-9-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(7R,8S)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol was isolated from the fresh roots of Angelica dahurica. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis.     

密闭微波辅助萃取当归粉中的阿魏酸

利用密闭微波样品制备系统(具有压力控制部件),对当归中的有效成分阿魏酸的萃取进行研究,比较了密闭微波萃取同超声波萃取和索氏萃取阿魏酸提取率的差异.结果表明:微波萃取与其他两种萃取方法相比,具有速度快和萃取率高的特点.并得到了阿魏酸提取的最佳条件:微波功率为400 W,萃取剂为90%的乙醇(体积分数),固-液比为1∶15,微波辐射为240 s,当归粒径为75μm.     

Triterpenoids and Iridoid Glycosides from Gentiana dahurica

One new and six known pentacyclic triterpenoids, 1 and 4 – 9 , resp., along with two new and three known iridoid glycosides, 2 and 3 , and 10 – 12 , resp., were isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica (‘Qin‐Jiao’). The new structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic and chemical methods as 1β,2α,3α,24‐tetrahydroxyursa‐12,20(30)‐dien‐28‐oic acid ( 1 ), 6′‐O‐acetylgentiopicroside ( 2 ), and 3′‐acetylgentiopicroside ( 3 ). Isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against the MCF‐7 human breast cancer cell line using the MTT assay. Among them, triterpenoids 2α,3β,24‐trihydroxyurs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid ( 6 ) and 3β,24‐dihydroxyurs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid ( 9 ) were found to have moderate cytotoxic effects with IC₅₀ values of 20.9 and 21.7 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the chemotaxonomic significance of the identified secondary metabolites is briefly discussed.     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical constituents in Ardisiae Japonicae Herba

Ardisiae Japonicae Herba is a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of bronchitis conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and trauma. In this work, a high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was first established for the separation and structural identification of the chemical constituents in Ardisiae Japonicae Herba. A total of 15 compounds including coumarins, flavonoid glycosides, and catechins were identified or tentatively characterized based on their chromatographic behaviors and mass spectral fragmentation and by comparisons with the reference standards. Furthermore, a simple high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five major constituents. Results obtained from method validation, including linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery, showed that the established method was reliable and accurate. Bergenin and quercitrin were found to be the most abundant constituents and could be served as chemical markers for quality control of Ardisiae Japonicae Herba.     

~1H-NMR法鉴定白芷中天然呋喃香豆素衍生物的研究

本文对从川白芷[Angelica dahurca(Fisch ex Hoffm)Benth et oohk cv hangbaizhl Hort]根中获得的12种呋喃香豆素衍生物进行了~1H-NMR法的鉴定比较研究,得到一些规律和谱线归属,为判断呋喃香豆素衍生物的结构、取代基的位置提供了数据。     

8味补阴药补阳药中微量元素Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu的测定

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对补阴药石斛、玉竹、北沙参、女贞子和补阳药肉苁蓉、杜仲、菟丝子、补骨脂8味中药进行Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu含量测定。结果表明,以平均值而论Mg、Cu含量补阴药与补阳药相当,Fe、Ca含量补阴药低于补阳药,Zn、Mn含量补阴药高于补阳药。以每味中药而论,补阳药菟丝子Fe含量最高,是其他几味中药的近10倍,补阴药石斛Zn、Mn含量最高,是其他几味中药的3~10倍。补阴药、补阳药药效是相对的,但本实验测定各微量元素含量并没有呈现相对性,因此,补阴药、补阳药的药效与Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu微量元素的相关性有待于进一步研究。     

Rapid characterization of the absorbed chemical constituents of Tangzhiqing formula following oral administration using UHPLC–Q‐TOF‐MS

Tangzhiqing formula, a Chinese herbal formula, is used for the treatment of type II diabetes and prediabetes. Although its effectiveness has been certified by clinical use, its absorbed chemical constituents are not comprehensively represented. Thence, in order to reveal potential bioactive components and metabolism of Tangzhiqing formula, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was developed. A total of 86 absorbed components, including 38 prototype compounds and 48 metabolites, were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces after oral administration of Tangzhiqing formula. This was the first systematic study on the chemical constituents and metabolic profiling of Tangzhiqing formula. The results indicated that alkaloids and flavonoids were main absorbed components, and glucuronidation and sulfation were the major metabolites. Moreover we concluded that alkaloids and flavonoids first underwent demethylation and hydrolysis reactions before biotransformed to phase II metabolites. This study provided valuable data for safety estimation of Tangzhiqing formula, which will be advantageous for clinical application.     

Rapid identification and global characterization of multiple constituents from the essential oil of Cortex Dictamni based on GC–MS

The root of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz ., also known as Cortex Dictamni, is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been commonly used in the treatment of inflammation, microbial infection, cancer, and other diseases in China for thousands of years. Recently, the essential oil of Cortex Dictamni has been widely studied, and a large number of volatile constituents have been discovered. However, the research of the essential oil of Cortex Dictamni in vivo remains unknown, especially the constituents absorbed into blood after oral administration. Hence, a sensitive and rapid method using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry combined with MassHunter software and the National Institute of Standards and Technology 2014 database was used to investigate the absorbed components in rat serum after oral administration of the essential oil of Cortex Dictamni. With the established method, a total of 36 compounds were screened and identified in the essential oil of Cortex Dictamni based on the mass spectrometry data and compound database. Among them, eight compounds, elemol, thymol methyl ether, β‐eudesmol, β‐cyclocostunolid, guaiazulene, trans‐4‐hydroxystilbene, ethyl oleate, and monoelaidin, were tentatively characterized in rat serum. This work demonstrated that the established method proved to be a powerful technique for rapid, simple, reliable, and automated identification of bioactive components of herbal medicine.