~1H NMR法测量N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、环丁砜N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、γ-丁内酯与某些芳烃的分子配合常数

从石油馏分中提取芳烃、烯烃、二烯烃和炔烃等组分具有重大的经济价值.通常提取这些组分的方法为液-液萃取或气-液萃取.效果较佳的萃取剂有N*甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、环丁砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)和γ-丁内酯(γ-BL)等.为了揭示这些萃取剂萃取芳烃的机制,作者曾测量NMP、DMF、DMA、环丁砜与某些芳烃构成二元系的过量体积,用紫外-可见分光光度法测量NMP与某些芳烃的分子配合常数以及用气液色谱法测量环丁砜与某些芳烃的分子配合常数.本文报道以四氯化碳作为惰性稀释剂,用~1H NMR方法测量NMP等萃取剂与C_6～C_9芳烃的分子配合常数.     

分光光度法测N-甲基吡咯烷酮与某些C8芳烃的分子络合常数

用分光光度法以正己烷、环己烷作稀释剂在紫外区测定N-甲基吡咯烷酮与苯乙烯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯的1:4络合常数K_c,此常数可用以定性地表示弱化学作用的强度。     

二甲苯、卤代苯在硝酸银溶液中的溶解平衡

具有C＝C双键的许多有机化合物可与银离子形成络合物。L.J.Andrews和R.M.Kcefcr等用在含Ag⁺的芳烃溶液中测定溶解度的方法,计算了某些芳烃与Ag⁺络合物的形成常数^[1]。     

顺二氨二水合铂(Ⅱ)离子与半胱氨酸等的络合反应——电位法及分光光度法研究

用电位滴定法及分光光度法研究了顺二氨二水合铂(Ⅱ)离子与半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸及谷胱甘肽的络合反应.用电位滴定法测定[(NH_3)_2PtA](A 为氨基酸)型混合配体络合物的形成常数β,测得 A 为半胱氨酸及蛋氨酸时,1gβ分别为7.55及8.70.按(?)=0.5处 pA 计算谷胱甘肽络合物的最可能1gβ为9.00.用 Job 分光光度法测得结果与之符合.据此讨论了络合物的可能结构.在所有情况中,硫可能是优先配位原子.     

二酰胺大环化合物与吡啶N-氧化物的络合作用研究

通过吡啶二酰胺大环与碘甲烷反应合成了一种阳离子型大环主体化合物,并用NMR,ESI-MS进行了结构表征.采用ESI-MS和1H NMR方法研究了合成的主体化合物与吡啶N-氧化物客体的相互作用,通过核磁滴定测定了主客体络合物的络合常数.实验结果表明阳离子型大环化合物2不仅能与吡啶N-氧化物形成1∶1准轮烷型络合物,而且其络合常数Ka比相应的中性大环化合物1有显著提高.     

二苯并-18-冠-6与碱金属苦味酸盐在氯仿中的相互作用

研究一种方法以测定二苯并-18-冠-6在氯仿中与碱金属苦味酸盐相互作用的若干参数。这些参数是:络合物的无限稀释摩尔电导 A_0,络合物的解离常数 K_d(或 k_d),络合物中冠醚与盐的分子比,冠醚对苦味酸盐的络合常数 K_c(或 k_c),以及冠醚存在下苦味酸盐紧密离子对的饱和浓度[MA]等。     

姜黄素-Fe2稳定常数的测定及其与鲑鱼精DNA的相互作用研究

采用紫外-可见分光光度法考察了姜黄素(CUR)、CUR-Fe2+络合物的光谱特性及其与鲑鱼精ssDNA的相互作用.结果表明:在0.01 mol/L Tris-HCl( pH 6.5)缓冲溶液中,CUR特征吸收峰在430nm处.采用等摩尔法测得CUR与Fe2+摩尔比为2:1,CUR-Fe2+络合稳定常数为9.04×101...     

红外光谱法研究胺与几种溶质的缔合性质

室温下在3800—3000 cm~(-1)内测定了苯脓、N-甲基苯胺与正庚烷、四氯化碳、苯和甲苯二元混合稀溶液的红外光谱, 考察了溶剂对溶质特征红外光谱的影响。测定了苯胺、N-甲基苯胺与吡啶在四氯化碳中作用的红外光谱, 以及苯胺、N-甲基苯胺、三乙胺、三丁胺和吡啶与乙醇在四氯化碳中作用的红外光谱, 计算了相应的交叉缔合常数, 对不同种分子间的相互作用进行了探讨。几种含氮分子与乙醇缔合时, 给予电子的能力按以下次序递增: 苯胺～N-甲基苯胺<三丁胺<吡啶<三乙胺。此外, 还对乙醇+吡啶+氯仿三元体系的特征红外光谱随溶剂比例的变化进行了分析讨论。     

金属络合物与碳碳偶联的区域选择性

相当数量的奇特反应,仅当有过渡金属络合物存在时才能发生。有机物分子若与过渡金属形成了络合物,它就完全改变了有机物的性质,并将发生很多与游离分子完全不同的反应。烯烃、多烯烃和芳烃能与多种金属形成络合物,并在碳碳偶联反应中,烯烃配体,多烯烃配体与亲核试剂的加成反应和亚烷基配体与亲核试剂的环加成反应都表现出高的区域选择性。络合金属促进的碳碳偶联反应的区域选择性不仅与络合配体本身的结构有关而且也与外界反应条件有关。这可用空间位阻效应解释,亦可从亲核     

4'-取代苯并-15-冠-5-苦味酸分子络合物的核磁共振研究

研究了15种4'-取代苯并-15-冠-5-及其与苦味酸所形成的电荷转移络合物的~1HNMR,测定了其中12种络合物的络合常数.络合常数,参考线RFL-[D]的斜率以及络合物前后4'-取代苯并-15-冠-5-各类质子与苯并-15-冠-5-相应的质子化学位移之差△δ均与Hammett取代基常数[σ~p+σ~m]呈线性关系.根据取代基对各类质子化学位移变化的影响.讨论了有关化合物的结构与性能的关系.     

Volumetric Properties of Ethylbenzene with Ethyl Acrylate,Butyl Acrylate,Methyl Methacrylate,and Styrene at 298.15 K

Densities of the binary systems of ethylbenzene with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene have been measured as a function of the composition, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densitometer. The calculated excess volumes were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are positive for the systems ethylbenzene + (methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate) and negative for the systems ethylbenzene + (butyl acrylate, styrene).     

Volumetric Properties of Toluene with Ethyl Acrylate, Butyl Acrylate, Methyl Methacrylate, and Styrene at 25°C

Densities of the binary systems of toluene with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene have been measured as a function of the composition, at 25°C and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densitometer. The calculated excess volumes were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are negative for systems toluene + (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and styrene) and positive for the system toluene + methyl methacrylate.     

四氯化碳二元溶液的过量体积和体积过量折射率

测定了四氯化碳分别与N-甲基吡略烷酮环戊酮、吡啶、2-丁酮、1-戊醇、异丙醇、甲基环己烷构成的二元溶液在293.15、298.15K的过量体积和体积过量折射率。提出了一个过量体积和体积过量折射率的关联公式。     

Excess Molar Volumes of Tetrahydrofuran with Ethyl Acrylate,Butyl Acrylate,Methyl Methacrylate,and Styrene at 298.15 K

Densities of the binary systems of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene have been measured as a function of the composition, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess volumes were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are negative for all the systems studied. The system THF + methyl methacrylate behaves almost ideally.     

Ultrasonic and viscometric studies of molecular interactions in binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran with some aromatic hydrocarbons at temperatures from 288.15 to 318.15 K

Densities of the binary systems of 2,2′-oxybis[propane] with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene have been measured as a function of the composition, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter and used to calculate the partial and excess volumes. The latter were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are negative for all the systems reported here.     

Volumetric Behaviour of Acrylic Esters (Methyl-, Ethyl-, and Butyl Acrylate) + 1-Alcohol (Heptanol,Octanol, Decanol and Dodecanol) at 298.15 K and 308.15 K

Abstract

New experimental data on densities and excess volumes (V^E) for methyl acrylate (MA)+, ethyl acrylate (EA)+, or butyl acrylate (BA)+1-heptanol, +1-octanol, +1-decanol and +1-dodecanol are reported at (298.15 and 308.15) K. The excess volumes were fitted to Redlisch-Kister type equation. The variations in excess volumes with the alkyl chain length of both the components are explained in terms of molecular interactions.     

A Simple and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolyl Isoxazoline Derivatives Using Hypervalent Iodine (III) Reagent

A series of novel pyrazolyl isoxazolines were synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of pyrazolyl nitrile oxide with various activated alkene, such as acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate, in the presence of iodobenzene diacetate in methanol containing a catalytic amount of TFA at room temperature (13 compounds upto 92% yield were isolated).     

Density, Excess Volumes, and Partial Volumes of the Binary Systems of Dimethyl Sulfoxide + Ethyl Acrylate, Butyl Acrylate, Methyl Methacrylate, and Styrene at 298.15 K

Densities of the binary systems of dimethyl sulfoxide with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene have been measured as a function of the composition at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess volumes were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. The excess volumes are negative for the four binaries, probably as a result of the large dipole moment of DMSO, becoming smaller as the monomer becomes more branched or longer, and the dipole moment per monomer unit becomes larger.     

Density and Volumes of Mixing of the Ternary System Ethylbenzene + Styrene + Ethyl Acrylate and its Binaries at 298.15 K

Densities of the ternary system, ethylbenzene + styrene + ethyl acrylate, and its three binaries have been measured in the whole composition range at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess molar volumes are positive for the binary system, ethylbenzene + ethyl acrylate, and negative for the systems ethylbenzene + styrene and styrene + ethyl acrylate. The corresponding data were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. Several models were used to correlate the ternary behavior from the excess molar volume data of their constituent binaries and were found to fit the data equally well. The best fit was based on a direct approach, without information on the component binary systems.     

Stereoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of a chiral nitrone derived from erythrulose. An experimental and DFT theoretical study

We have investigated several 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of a chiral nitrone prepared from L-erythrulose. While cycloadditions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds of dipolarophiles such as ethyl acrylate, ethyl propiolate, or dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate were poorly stereoselective, reaction with acrylonitrile provided predominantly one diastereomeric adduct. Furthermore, the regioselectivity exhibited by the two structurally similar dipolarophiles ethyl acrylate and ethyl propiolate was found to be opposite. The molecular mechanisms of these cycloadditions have thus been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) methods with the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G and 6-31+G basis sets. A simplified achiral version of nitrone 1 as the dipole, and methyl propiolate or acrylonitrile as the dipolarophiles, were chosen as computational models. The cycloadditions have been shown to take place through one-step pathways in which the C-C and C-O sigma bonds are formed in a nonsynchronous way. For the reaction with methyl propiolate, DFT calculations predict the experimentally observed meta regioselectivity. For the reaction with acrylonitrile, however, the predicted regioselectivity has been found to depend on the computational level used. The calculations further indicate the exo approach to be energetically favored in the case of the latter dipolarophile, in agreement with experimental findings. The main reason for this is the steric repulsion between the nitrile function and one of the methyl groups on the nitrone that progressively develops in the alternative endo approach.