共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
AMS测量中同量异位素的鉴别方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在加速器质谱测量中,存在同位素和同量异位素的干扰.排除同位素的干扰是开展超微量核素分析的重要课题之一.主要介绍了加速器质谱测量中同量异位素的几种鉴别、排除方法,以及这些方法的原理、发展及应用. There are interference of isotopes and isobars in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurements. Eliminating the isobaric interference is the important aspect in AMS measurements. Several methods of isobaric identification in AMS measurements are discussed in this paper. Principles, developments and applications of these methods are also introduced. 相似文献
2.
<正>负责Alpha磁谱仪(AMS)运行的国际团队,宣布了他们在寻找暗物质方面得到的首次结果:在高能区观察到正电子过剩(见图1)。AMS的负责人Samuel Ting(丁肇中)于今年4月3日在欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)举行的学术会议上,介绍了来自AMS空间天文台的首次结果。他说,这些结果作为至今为止对宇宙射线正电子流量最精确的测量,清楚地显示了AMS探测器的能力。在未来的几个月内,AMS将能确切地告诉我们,这些正电子 相似文献
3.
国际空间站上的阿尔发磁谱仪(Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS)是太空中第一个大型高能粒子探测器,用于探测反物质、暗物质和宇宙线。本刊2011年第5期曾有详细报道。AMS先后有2种型号:AMS01和AMS02。AMS01用永久磁铁,场强约0.15T,重3吨,早在1998年已在发现号航天飞机上成功试飞过。AMS02安置在国际空间站上,原计划采用超导磁铁,场强约0.87T, 相似文献
4.
国际空间站上的阿尔发磁谱仪(Alpha Magnetic SpectrometerAMS)是太空中第一个大型高能粒子探测器,用于探测反物质、暗物质和宇宙线。本刊2011年第5期曾有详细报道。AMS先后有2种型号:AMS01和AMS02。AMS01用永久磁铁,场强约0.15 T,重3吨,早在1998年已在发现号航天飞机上成功试飞过。AMS02安置在国际空间站上,原计划采用超导磁铁,场强约0.87 T,为此科学家们差不多花了近10年功夫,却在2010年离发射不到1年的时候决定放弃超导方案,仍用1998年已经试飞考验过的、场强较低的永磁方案。这到底是为什么呢? 相似文献
5.
AMS重核素测量的入射离子X射线探测法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
介绍了在加速器质谱学中发展的入射离子 X射线的探测技术,以便应用于测定中重同位素的同量异位素鉴别 .描述了在中国原子能科学研究院加速器质谱计上建立的入射离子 X射线探测装置和实验结果 .通过测量入射离子 X射线,实现了64Cu测量中对同量异位素64Ni和64Zn的鉴别 ,以及79Se测量中对79Br的鉴别. In recent years, a new technique to detect the charteristic X ray from projectile ions in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has been developed. After analysis in the routine AMS system, the ions are stopped in an appropriately chosen target in steat of an ion detector and induced X ray are detected for identification of ions by atomic number. For the application of AMS to higher mass isotopes with mass number>20 using small accelerator, the characteristic X rays technique is better... 相似文献
6.
VitaliChoutko AlexeiKlimentov 《高能物理与核物理计算国际会议公报》2001,(1):232-236
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer(AMS)is an experiment to search in space for dark matter,missing matter and antimatter scheduled for installation on the International SPace Station(ISS) Alpha.AMS detector had precursive flight in June 1998 on board the space shuttle Discovery during STS91,More than 100M events been collected and analyzed.The detector will have another flight in the fall of year 2003 for more than three years on ISS.The data will be transmitted from ISS to NASA Marshall Space Flight Center(Huntsvile,Alabama)and then to MIT and CERN for processing and analysis,In this report we describe AMS software in particular conditions database and data processing software. 相似文献
7.
AMS 实验阿尔法磁谱仪(Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer,简称AMS)是国际空间站(International Space Station,简称ISS)上唯一的大型高能粒子探测器,也是人类送入太空的第一个大型磁谱仪。AMS 实验是丁肇中教授领导的大型国际合作项目,其科学目标是寻找宇宙中的反物质、暗物质及精确测量宇宙线的成分和能谱。参加AMS 实验的科学工作者来自三大洲(美洲、欧洲、亚洲)的16 个国家(地区),共有60 个大学或研究机构,600 多人。 相似文献
8.
加速器质谱学方法在核物理与天体物理研究中有重要应用.主要介绍了该方法在寻找泡利不相容原理的违背事例和超新星活动研究等工作中的应用. As an ultra high sensitive analyzing method, accelerator mass spectrometry is playing an important role in the studies of nuclear physics and astrophysics. In this article, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) applications in searching for violation of Pauli exclusion principle and study on supernovae are discussed as examples. 相似文献
9.
236U是一种长寿命放射性核素, 其半衰期为T1/2=2.342(3)×107 a, 在自然界的含量极微, 天然铀中 236U/238U的原子比约为~10-14。 目前, 对于236U及其测量的研究报道较少。首先介绍了236U的产生, 并对地球中 236U的总量进行了估算。 概述了236U测定在亿年级中子注量率积分评估、 核环境和核活动监测, 以及地质学等领域中的重要应用。 最后,对国内外加速器质谱(AMS)测量236U的状况进行了综述,报道了中国原子能科学研究院AMS小组通过对同位素干扰鉴别的多方面研究, 初步建立了236UAMS测量方法。 236U is a longlived radionuclide with half life of 2.342(3)×107 a. The ratio of 236U/238U is about 10-14 in the natural Uranium. The origin and production of 236U in globe are introduced and estimated in this paper,respectively. The major applicationsion of 236U as a 100 million year neutron flux integrator,as a “fingerprint” for monitoring nuclear environment and nuclear activity,and as a tracer in geological studies are briefly summarized. The accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) measurement of 236U in the world and the research on HI 13 tandem accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE) is also mentioned in this paper. 相似文献
10.
11.
The man-made calcium isotope ^41Ca is an ideal tracer for the study of calcium metabolism. We represent the first application of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement of ^41Ca tracer in China. The technique is being applied to the research field of cell messenger at the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CLAE). The sample preparation methods and the AMS measurements are discussed and some interesting results are presented. 相似文献
12.
AMS02超导磁体的低温地面支持设备系统(CGSE)方案研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
AMS02是用于探测空间反物质、暗物质及宇宙射线的第二代阿尔法磁谱探测仪,它将利用航天飞机发射至国际空间站上,并以超导状态工作3年以上。AMS02的核心是一个大型超导磁体,重达2000kg,需要在发射前用一低温地面支持设备系统(CGSE)对磁体进行冷却并在磁体杜瓦中加注2.5m3的超流氦。该文介绍此CGSE的技术要求、总体方案、冷却过程和主要子系统。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
宇宙成因核素 53Mn是一种非常理想的地貌演变研究工具。近年来, 随着加速器质谱(AMS)技术的不断发展, 人们已能够进行53Mn的高灵敏测量。介绍了53Mn在地球科学中的应用前景、 国际研究现状及中国原子能科学研究院目前正在开展的53Mn高灵敏AMS测量方法的研究。The determination of cosmogenic 53Mn concentrations found in terrestrial formations has many interesting applications for Earth Sciences. With Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) it should be possible to detect minute amounts of 53Mn. The situation of international research of 53Mn AMS measurement and applications are presented. The AMS measurement method of 53Mn at China Institute of Atomic Energy and its applications prospect are to be explored. 相似文献
16.
加速器质谱方法测量41Ca及其在生物医学中的应用 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
介绍了用AMS测量41Ca的方法及其在生物医学中的应用,以及中国原子能科学研究院目前开展4 1Ca的AMS测量及其应用研究的情况.Ca(T 1/2 =1.0×10 5 a) as a tracer, confined with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) method and its applications are reviewed. Measurement of 41 Ca with HI-13 tandem AMS system at the China Institute of Atomic Energy is also introduced. The measurement of 41 Ca used for studying mechanism of cancer caused by carcinogenic substances and mechanism of Ca supplement in human body diseases are being developed in collaboration with Department of Occupational Health, Beijing Universit... 相似文献
17.
着重介绍加速器质谱计(AMS)14C断代方法,北京大学近三年来AMS14C断代工作,还介绍了夏商周断代工程及其AMS14C断代工作.The method of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C dating, some AMS 14 C dating work in Peking University during the recent three years and the project of Xia Shang Zhou chronology are introduced. 相似文献
18.
加速器质谱(AMS) 由于其极高的测量灵敏度而广泛应用于核科学、生命科学、地球科学、环境科学和考古学等研究领域,同时,AMS还可以用来分析样品中的微量核素,是核科学领域的重要研究工具。目前,AMS研究的最新领域是U和Pu 等锕系元素的测量,在核保障、核监测及核试验沉降物示踪大气输运和表面沉积物的迁移等研究中也显示出了较大潜力。综述了AMS在核科学研究中的应用及研究现状,主要包括AMS在放射性核素半衰期的测定、核反应截面的测量等方面的研究进展。Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a promising method to provide extreme sensitivity measurements of the production yields of long-lived radioisotopes, which cannot be detected by other methods. AMS technique plays an important role in the research of nuclear physics, as well as the application field of AMS covered nuclear science and technology, life science, earth science, environmental science, archaeology etc. The newest AMS field is that of actinide, particularly U and Pu, isotopic assay with expanding applications in nuclear safeguards and monitoring, and as a modern bomb-fallout tracer for atmospheric transport and surface sediment movement. This paper reviews the applications of AMS in the research of nuclear energy and nuclear security including the research of half life of radionuclides, cross section of nuclear reaction. 相似文献
19.
20.
大气宇宙成因核素10Be、7Be、22Na作为平流层、对流层之间物质交换(STE)动力学过程的敏感示踪剂,对于全球气候变化、大气环境治理等研究具有非常重要的意义.介绍了这几种核素应用于STE的国际研究现状以及面临的困难,概述了加速器质谱法(AMS)在此方面具备的优势和研究基础,基于天津大学的小型低能量AMS系统和已建立... 相似文献