新同位素^175Er

简介首次合成新核素＾１７５Ｅｒ及对其衰变纲图的测定的实验方法和实验结果。     

新重丰中子同位素175Er的合成和γ衰变

用14MeV中子轰击天然镜靶,通过¹⁷⁶Yb(n,2p)¹⁷⁵Er反应,首次合成了新同位素¹⁷⁵Er.利用γ(X)谱学方法,对¹⁷⁵Er的活性进行了观测,发现了能量为76.5,120.9,123.7,128.5,227.3,234.0,281.4,1167.5keV半衰期为1.2±0.3min的八条新γ射线,并指定为¹⁷⁵Er的β-衰变.建立了¹⁷⁵Er的部分衰变纲图.     

新核素65Se半衰期的首次实验测定

根据⁴⁰Ca(²⁸Si,3n)反应中观测到的⁶⁵Seβ延迟质子衰变实验数据,拟合计算粒子望远镜对运动放射源的绝对探测效率,精确测定了⁶⁵Se的半衰期为9.6ms,其β延迟质子能量为3.70±0.08MeV,由此修订了⁶⁵Se的部分衰变纲图.     

175Er的衰变纲图

用14MeV中子照射天然Yb靶,通过¹⁷⁶Yb(n,2p)¹⁷⁵Er反应产生了新的重丰中子同位素¹⁷⁵Er,借助X-γ,γ-γ符合测量方法,首次鉴别出了¹⁷⁵Er,并测得其半衰期为(1.2±0.3)min.同时还观察到了¹⁷⁵Er衰变所发射的8条新γ射线,建立了¹⁷⁵Er的部分γ衰变纲图,从中指定了¹⁷⁵Tm的一个基态转动带.     

首次测定短寿命缺中子同位素153Er和157Yb的EC/β＋衰变纲图简介

本文简单介绍了首次成功地测定这两个衰变纲图的技术难点、实验过程、主要实验结果及物理意义。 EC/β+ decay schemes of 153Er and 157Yb are proposed for the first time. The related technical difficulty, experimental process, main results and their physics are representedbrigly.     

首次测定短寿命缺中子同位素153Er和157Yb的EC／β^＋衰变纲图简介

本文简介绍了首次成功地测定这两个衰变纲图的技术难点，实验过程，主要实验结果表明物理意义。     

放射系衰变纲图的扩充

根据放射性核素数据，对原来的四个放射系做了全面的扩充，做出了新的衰变纲图，讨论了有关问题。     

95Ru的衰变

通过⁹²Mo(a,n)反应产生⁹⁵Ru,对半衰期为1.65小时的⁹⁵Ru的衰变Y谱学进行了研究,观察到了⁹⁵Ru衰变产生的130条γ射线,其中34条是新的.根据符合关系,将新γ射线中的29条放进了衰变纲图,同时确认了原纲图中7条γ射线的位置,发现了⁹⁵Ru衰变子体⁹⁵Tc的3个新能级,给出了⁹⁵Ru新的衰变纲图.     

新同位素265Bh(Z=107)的合成证据

利用兰州重离子加速器提供的26Mg离子束轰击243Am靶, 产生了新同位素265Bh.实验中用氦喷技术对产物进行传输, 并用一套具有数对探测器组的转轮收集探测系统对产物进行收集和测量.通过观测265Bh与它的衰变子核261Db及257Lr之间的α衰变的关联, 实现了对新核素的鉴别.实验测得265Bh的α衰变能量为(9.24±0.05) MeV, 半衰期为0.94+0.70 -0.31 s.     

^229Ra的衰变纲图

用１４ＭｅＶ中子轰击钍靶，通过＾２３２Ｔｈ（ｎ，α）＾２２９Ｒａ反应产季了＾２２９Ｒａ，由放射化学分离技术从被照靶物质中分离出＾２２９Ｒａ活性，利用γ（Ｘ）谱学方法，首次观测到了＾２２９Ｒａ的能量为１４．５，１５．６，１８．８，２１．８，２２．５，４４．０，４７．５，５５．０，６３．０，６９．６，９３．６，９４．１，９８．５，１０２．２，１０４．５，１０６．１，１６１．１和１７１．５ｋｅＶ的１８条     

The Decay Scheme of 175Er

The ¹⁷⁵Er activity was produced via the reaction ¹⁷⁶Yb(n,2p) ¹⁷⁵Er by 14MeV neutron irradiation of a natural ytterbium metal target with a thickness of～80mg/cm2.X-γ and γ-γ coincidence measurements were employed to identify ¹⁷⁵Er activity.The half-life of ¹⁷⁵Er has been determined to be (1.2±0.3)min. Eight new gamma rays were assigned to the decay of ¹⁷⁵Er. A partial decay scheme of ¹⁷⁵Er has been proposed for the first time, from which a ground rotational band has been assigned to ¹⁷⁵Tm.     

THE BAND 2 OF NUCLEI 156Er AND 158Er

The mechanism of the formation of the band 2 in nuclei ¹⁵⁶Er and ¹⁵⁸Er has been discussed in the framwork of VMI model.     

Ultrahigh Spin Structures in 157,158,159Er

Rotational structures at ultrahigh spin in ^157,158,159 Er have been investigated with the configuration-dependent cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky approach. Configurations of observed bands are assigned and the corresponding deformations are given theoretically. The calculations suggest that one of ultrahigh spin bands in ^158 Er is triaxial highly deformed and the other is normal-deformed, while both ultrahigh spin bands in ^157Er are suggested to be triaxial highly deformed. The possible ultrahigh spin bands in ^159Er are predicted to be triaxial highly deformed and have shape coexistence in the same configuration. The configurations with two neutron holes in the Nose = 4 orbitals and two neutron holes in the h11/2 orbitals in ^159Er are favoured for ultrahigh spin states but unfavoured for band termination, which is similar to ultrahigh spin bands in ^157,15SEr.     

New Neutron-Rich Isotope 208Hg

The new neutron-rich isotope ²⁰⁸Hg has been identified for the first time from the reaction products in fully-stopping thick ^nat.Pb target bombarded by 30MeV/u ¹²C beam provided by the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou.Assignment of the nuclide ²⁰⁸Hg was based on the measurements of the deacy γ energy and halflife of its daughter ²⁰⁸Ti,which was grown up with ²⁰⁸Hg β-deacy.The half-life of ²⁰⁸Hg β-deacy was determined to be 42+23－12 min.The average production cross section of ²⁰⁸Hg over the incident energy region from Coulomb barrier to 30MeV/u is found to be 1.1±0.5μb.     

Identification of New Isotope 238Th

Unreported heavy neutron-rich nuclide ²³⁸Th has been produced via a multinucleon transfer reaction by 60MeVIu ¹⁸0 ions bombardment of natural uranium.Thorium was radiochemically separated from the mixture of uranium and reaction products. ²³⁸Pa as a daughter nucleus of ²³⁸Th has been identified according to the growth and decay of ²³⁸Pa γ rays which has been observed. The half-life of ²³⁸Th was determined to be (9.4 + 2.0) min. At the same time, a new γ ray of (89.0 + 0.3) keV with T_1/2= (8.9 + 1.5)min was found in the γ spectrum gated with the K_α1, X ray of Pa and assigned to ²³⁸Th decay based on the measurements of its transition energy and the half-life.

     

新重丰中子同位素239Pa的合成

本文简述了新重丰中子同位素２３９Ｐａ的首次合成和鉴别,并测定其半衰期为１０６±３０ｍｉｎ． This paper reports that the new heavy neutron-rich isotope 239Pa has been observed for the first time and its half life has been determined to be 106±30min.     

A New Heavy Neutron-rich Isotope 238Th

A new nuclide ²³⁸Th has been produced via multinucleon transfer reaction induced by 60MeV/u ¹⁸O ion irradiation of natural uranium. The thorium was radiochemically separated from the mixture of uranium and its reaction products. The activity of thorium was measured by using a HPGe detector and a planar HPGe detector. The ²³⁸Th has been identified for the first time by measuring the growth and decay of the γ-rays from its daughter ²³⁸Pa. The half-life of 238Th was determined to be (9.4±2.0)min. In addition,a new (89.0±0.3)keV γ-ray with T_1/2=(8.9±1.5)min was observed and assigned to ²³⁸Th decay based on the measurement of transition energy and half life.     

新丰中子核素208Hg的发现

新丰中子同位素208Hg,首次从30MeV/u的12C束轰击厚的天然铅靶反应产物中被鉴定出来,208Hg的鉴别基于二步化学分离及γ活性分析,第一步,借助于在本工作中所发展起来的熔化靶装置和一种特殊的热色谱技术,实现了Hg元素产物高效、高选择性的分离,第二步则是周期性的提取随着收集样品中的丰中子Hg同位素的β—衰变而生长起来的Tl元素,在提取的Tl样品中,观察到能量为2614.6keV、半衰期为191±10~4 50s的γ活性,它只能被指定为208Hg的β—衰变子体208Tl,将测得的208Hg半衰期42±23 12min与理论预言进行了比较。 The new neutron-rich isotope 208Hg was identified for the first time from the reactionproducts in a thick natPb target bombarded by a 30MeV/u 12C beam. The identification of 208Hg wasbased on two-step chemical separation and γ activity analysis. The first step was the release,separation and collection of Hg element products with a high efficiency and good selectivity bymeans of a melt target device and a special thermochromatographic technique developed in presentwork. The second step was..     

Searching Triaxial Superdeformation in 175Hf

A two-dimensional Total Routhian Surface(TRS) calculation is carried out in order to ascertain if there is triaxial superdeformation in ¹⁷⁵Hf. A five quasi-particle configuration is chosen in the calculation. Unfortunately, the TRS minimum does not show up in the total potential energy surface.     

MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF THE LOW-LYING EVEN PARITY BANDS IN 168Er

Taking into account the pairing correlation plus the quadrupolequadrupole interaction,the intrinsic properties of the low-lying bands (even parity) and the related E2 transition probabilities in ¹⁶⁸Er were calculated in the frame of Bohr-Mottelson-Nilsson model.The agreement between the calculated and the observed results is satisfactory.Some difficulties encountered in the IBM prediction do not appear in the present calculation.