The \pi h_{11/2}^{-1}\nu i_{13/2}^{-2} three-hole isomeric state and octupole core excitation in the 205 Tl nucleus

New high-spin states were identified in the ²⁰⁵Tl isotope produced in deep-inelastic heavy-ion reactions. The expected 29/2 ⁺ yrast state and 35/2^- isomeric state with 235 ns half-life were located above the 2.6 s isomer known from previous studies. Above this isomer a 7092 keV level was interpreted as a 41/2 ⁺ state arising from the coupling of the octupole vibration of the ²⁰⁸Pb core with the three-hole structure of the 35/2^- isomer.Received: 20 January 2003, Revised: 10 March 2003, Published online: 2 March 2004PACS: 21.60.Cs Shell model - 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies - 27.80. + w - 25.70.Lm Strongly damped collisions     

Elastic scattering of \sf{59.54}-keV \sf{\gamma}-rays in elements with \sf{22 \leq {Z} \leq {92}} at momentum transfer \sf{0.4 \leq {x} \leq 4.7~{\AA}^{\sf -1}}

Differential cross sections for elastic scattering of the 59.54 keV γ-rays in elements with 22 ≤Z ≤92 have been measured over the angular range 10^○–160^○corresponding to the momentum transfer 0.4 ≤x ≤4.7 Å^-1. The measurements at forward and backward angles were performed using the ²⁴¹Am radioactive point-source, target and the Ge detectors in the transmission and reflection arrangements, respectively. The measured differential scattering cross sections are compared with those based on the form-factor (FF) formalism and state-of-the-art S-matrix calculations to differentiate between their relative efficacies and to check angular-dependence of the anomalous scattering factors (ASF) incorporated as correction to the modified form-factor (MF). The S-matrix values exhibit agreement with the measured data at backward angles and differences ～10% at forward angles. The scattering cross sections based on the MF including ASF’s are in general lower at various angles by up to 20% for medium- and high-Z elements. The observed deviations being higher at the forward angles infer possibility of angular-dependence of ASF’s.     

Hyperfine splitting constants in the optical transition \boldsymbol{{4{f}^{7}} {6{s}^{2}} \;{^{8}{\rm S}_{7/2}} \to {4{f}^{7}} {6{s}6{p}}\; {^{6}{\rm P}_{5/2}} \ {\rm of} \ {^{151-155}{\rm Eu}}} isotopes and hyperfine anomaly

Using the method of laser-induced fluorescence in an atomic beam we have measured the hyperfine splitting constants, A and B, of the ground and excited states of the optical transition 4f ⁷6s ^{2 8}S $_{1/2}\to 4f^{7}$ 6s6p ⁶P_5/2 (564.58 nm) for ^151???155Eu isotopes. For all isotopes, the magnetic dipole constants of the ⁶P_5/2 atomic level are determined to a precision better than 0.04%. The A and B constants for the ground state ⁸S_7/2 of the radioactive ^152,154,155Eu were obtained for the first time with a precision better than 0.5%. Our data along with previous ground state hyperfine structure measurements for the stable europium isotopes allow us to determine the hyperfine anomaly for mentioned Eu isotopes.     

Damage studies on the system^{111} \mathop {In}\limits^ \to \underline {Ni}

Lattice damage after implantation of¹¹¹In in Ni has been studied applying the DPAC technique to the 171–245 keV -ray cascade in the daughter nucleus¹¹¹Cd. Implantations were carried out at 10 K and at 300 K. The low temperature implantation yields a higher regular substitutional fraction (80%) than the room temperature implantation (40%). The annealing behaviour of both implants above RT is the same. In addition, two distinct defect-associated sites were observed in isochronal annealing sequences. A microscopic model for these defects is presented, which takes into account magnetic and electric hyperfine interaction strengths, binding energies and site populations as a functions of temperature.     

Low temperature nuclear orientation of239Np in gadolinium host

The angular distribution of γ-radiation from the decay of²³⁹Np oriented at low temperatures in gadolinium host was investigated. The orientation parameters B2 and B4 were determined. The attenuation factors for two long-living states in²³⁹Pu at 391.5 keV and 285.4 keV were calculated. From the anisotropies measured the multipole mixing ratios for 11 gamma-transitions in²³⁹Pu were deduced. The results obtained support the assignment of spins of the levels at 492.2 keV and 391.6 keV as 3/2⁻ and 7/2⁻, respectively.     

Precision Measurement of {\mu G_{E}^{p}/G_{M}^p} at Low Q 2

Precision measurements are presented of the proton electric to magnetic form-factors ratios at Q ²?=?0.3 ? 0.8 (GeV/c)², obtained by polarization-transfer in Hall A of the Jefferson Laboratory. The measured ratios are significantly lower than published values. New global fits to the individual form factors indicate a lower electric form factor and a slightly higher magnetic form factor. The proton charge radius extracted from the new results is somewhat smaller but consistent with previous values obtained from electron?Cproton scattering, and is in significant disagreement with the recent value obtained from muonic hydrogen. The effects of the new results on other quantities are briefly discussed.     

Nuclear orientation study of the decay of204BiFe

The decay of²⁰⁴Bi nuclei (I =6⁺, T_1/2=11·22 h) oriented in an iron host was investigated on the JINR low-temperature nuclear orientation facility SPIN. The orientation parameterB ₂=1·17 (6) was obtained from the analysis of six prominent E1 gamma-transitions. From the measured normalized intensities of the gamma-rays observed some 70 values of multipole mixing ratios for the gamma-transitions in²⁰⁴Pb nucleus were determined for the first time. The spins 6, 6, 5 and 4 could be uniquely assigned to the²⁰⁴Pb negative parity levels at 3891·5 keV, 3768·4 keV, 3301·5 keV and 2338·2 keV, respectively. The spin-parity assignments of the levels at 4183·8 keV, 4094·2 keV, 3782·0 keV, 2506·9 keV and 2065·1 keV were confirmed as 6^–, 6^–, 5^–, 5^– and 5⁺, respectively. For the level at 3105·1 keV spin-parity 5^– was suggested and spinparity 7^– of the level at 2696·4 keV was called in question. The possible placements of the gammatransitions 3 1351·7 keV and 1353·4 keV in the decay scheme is discussed. The reorientation parameters for the long-living levels at 2264·2 keV (T _1/2=0·45 s) and 1273·9 keV (T _1/2= =265 ns) were determined asG ₂=0·41 (14) andG ₂=0·60 (17), respectively. For the isomeric level at 2185·7 keV (T _1/2=67·2 min) the value ofG ₂=0·88 (49) was proposed.The authors would like to express their thanks to T. I. Kracíková and M. Trhlík for the valuable discussions in the course of the evaluation of the experimental data.     

Low-spin levels in 136Ba studied via the (n,n'γ) reaction

Low-spin levels in ¹³⁶Ba have been studied by means of the (n, n'γ) reaction using reactor fast neutrons. Excited states up to an excitation energy of 2.8 MeV and with spin values up to 7 were found to be populated. Energies, intensities and angular distributions of γ-rays attributed to ¹³⁶Ba have been measured.In addition to the confirmation of known level characteristics the angular distribution data resulted in new unique spin assignments for 7 levels (2 for the levels at 2080.0 keV, 2128.8 keV and 2484.7keV, 3 for those at 2390.8, 2399.8 and 2431.0 keV as well as 0⁺ for the 2141.3 keV level). Furthermore E2/M1 multipole mixing ratios were determined for the most intensive mixed γ-transitions.     

Study of the W(t, p)W reaction at 20 MeV

The ¹⁸²W(t, p)¹⁸⁴W reaction has been studied at 20 MeV. The outgoing protons were detected in an Elbek broad range magnetic spectrograph. Absolute cross sections and angular distributions were measured. Evidence for inelastic effects in the reaction mechanism was observed for the first excited 2⁺ state, the 3⁻ level at 1221 keV and the 5⁺ state at 1295 keV. The 0⁺ level at 1002 keV was populated with ≈ 2% the ground state cross section. A 4⁺ level at 1536 keV was observed with ≈ 50% the ground state cross section. Calculations of the absolute (t, p) cross sections to this and other states with known structure resulted in excellent agreement with the measured values.     

Contribution of vector resonances to the \bar{B}_{d}^{0}\to\bar {K}^{*0}\mu^{+}\mu^{-} decay

The fully differential angular distribution for the rare flavor-changing neutral current decay $\bar{B}_{d}^{0} \to\bar{K}^{*0} (\to K^{-} \pi^{+}) \mu^{+}\mu^{-} $ is studied. The emphasis is placed on accurate treatment of the contribution from the processes $\bar{B}_{d}^{0} \to\bar{K}^{*0} (\to K^{-} \pi^{+}) V $ with intermediate vector resonances V=??(770),??(782),?(1020),J/??,??(2S),?? decaying into the ?? ⁺ ?? ^? pair. The dilepton invariant-mass dependence of the branching ratio, longitudinal polarization fraction f _L of the $\bar{K}^{*0}$ meson, and forward?Cbackward asymmetry A _FB is calculated and compared with data from Belle, CDF and LHCb. It is shown that inclusion of the resonance contribution may considerably modify the branching ratio, calculated in the SM without resonances, even in the invariant-mass region far from the so-called charmonia cuts applied in the experimental analyses. This conclusion crucially depends on values of the unknown phases of the B ⁰??K ^?0 J/?? and B ⁰??K ^?0 ??(2S) decay amplitudes with zero helicity.     

The photoassociative spectroscopy, photoassociative molecule formation, and trapping of ultracold \mathsf{^{39}K^{85}Rb}

We have observed the photoassociative spectra of colliding ultracold ³⁹K and ⁸⁵Rb atoms to produce KRb* in all eight bound electronic states correlating with the ³⁹K (4s) + ⁸⁵Rb(5p _1/2 and 5p _3/2) asymptotes. These electronically excited KRb* ultracold molecules are detected after their radiative decay to the metastable triplet (a state and (in some cases) the singlet (X ground state. The triplet (a ultracold molecules are detected by two-photon ionization at 602.5 nm to form KRb ⁺ , followed by time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. We are able to assign a majority of the spectrum to three states (2(0 ⁺ ), 2(0^-), 2(1)) in a lower triad of states with similar C ₆ values correlating to the K(4s) + Rb (5p _1/2) asymptote; and to five states in an upper triad of three states (3(0 ⁺ ), 3(0^-), 3(1)) and a dyad of two states (4(1), 1(2)), with one set of similar C ₆ values within the upper triad and a different set of similar C ₆ values within the dyad. We are also able to make connection with the short-range spectra of Kasahara et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 111, 8857 (1999)], identifying three of our levels as v = 61, 62 and 63 of the 1 4(1) state they observed. We also argue that ultracold photoassociation to levels between the K(4s) + Rb (5p _3/2) and K(4s) + Rb (5p _1/2) asymptotes may be weakly or strongly predissociated and therefore difficult to observe by ionization of a (or X molecules; we do know from Kasahara et al. that levels of the 1 4(1) and 2 5(1) states in the intra-asymptote region are predissociated. A small fraction ( 1/3) of the triplet (a ultracold molecules formed are trapped in the weak magnetic field of our magneto-optical trap (MOT).Received: 22 September 2004, Published online: 23 November 2004PACS: 33.20.Fb Raman and Rayleigh spectra (including optical scattering) - 34.20.Cf Interatomic potentials and forces - 33.80.Ps Optical cooling of molecules; trapping     

Low lying energy levels of56Fe from γ-γ coincidences

The level scheme of⁵⁶Fe was built up from γ-γ coincidence measurements using Ge(Li) detectors and a Dual Parameter data collection system. The previously suggested γ-transitions [8] of 263.3, 410.9, 485.2, 674.7 and 1,462.3 keV were confirmed and evidence found for a new 655.0 keV γ-transition between the levels at 4,100.32 and 3,445.32 keV. No evidence was found for the transition of 2,657.4 keV and the previously proposed β⁺-feeding of the level at 3,600.3 keV is ruled out, while the existence of a level at 4,447.5 keV is suggested. The relative intensities and branching ratios of 44 transitions were determined. A calculation of experimentalK-shell internal conversion coefficients α(K) showed large discrepancies from previous studies for the 3,009.6 and 3,451.2 keV transitions, the latter being assigned a different multipolarity. Logft values were calculated and spins and parities of the levels deduced. In particular the assignment of 3⁺ is verified for the level at 4,297.97 keV.     

γγ-Winkelkorrelationsmessungen an155Gd

Two Ge(Li) detectors were used to investigateγ transitions in¹⁵⁵Gd produced by the decay of¹⁵⁵Eu. Relative intensities were determined for the weak lines at 18.8, 26.5, 58.0, and 86.0 keV. Angular correlations for fourγ cascades were measured. As results, the mixing ratios of the 45.3 and 86.5 keVγ lines were determined, and it was shown that the sign of the mixing ratio is positive for theγ line at 18.8 keV and negative for the line at 60.0 keV. Spins 5/2 and 3/2 for the 86.5 and 105.3 keV levels, respectively, are consistent with the data, and spin 5/2 for the 105.3 keV level is inconsistent with it.     

Study of ^{201} Tl\xrightarrow{\varepsilon }^{201} Hg decay properties

The intensities of the transitions to the ground-state and the first excited level of ²⁰¹Hg in ²⁰¹Tl decay and the values of the constant log ft are estimated on the basis of an analysis of the relative intensities of the mercury M ₄ N _6,7 N _6,7 Auger electron line induced by ? capture and the mercury conversion O ₃ line caused by the 1.56-keV nuclear transition.     

Study of the 182W(t,p)184W reaction at 20 MeV

The ¹⁸²W(t, p)¹⁸⁴W reaction has been studied at 20 MeV. The outgoing protons were detected in an Elbek broad range magnetic spectrograph. Absolute cross sections and angular distributions were measured. Evidence for inelastic effects in the reaction mechanism was observed for the first excited 2⁺ state, the 3^? level at 1221 keV and the 5⁺ state at 1295 keV. The 0⁺ level at 1002 keV was populated with ≈ 2% the ground state cross section. A 4⁺ level at 1536 keV was observed with ≈ 50% the ground state cross section. Calculations of the absolute (t, p) cross sections to this and other states with known structure resulted in excellent agreement with the measured values.     

Electromagnetic properties of levels in 55Mn

Excited levels of ⁵⁵Mn were produced by the reaction ⁵²Cr(α, p) at 10.5 and 11.1 MeV beam energy. A series of γ-ray measurements was made, all in coincidence with protons detected near 180°. A Ge(Li) γ-ray detector was used at 4 angles, and extensive angular-correlation measurements were made with an array of NaI(Tl) detectors. Excitation energies of 25 levels up to 3161 keV were determined, including a new level at 2215 keV. Only the level at 2285 keV and the $\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ state near 1290 keV were not observed in this range. From Doppler-shift attenuations, the mean lifetimes of 14 levels up to 2565 keV were deduced. Branching ratios and multipole mixing ratios were obtained for most of these levels. The following spin assignments were determined: 1530 keV, $\text{J =}\text{3}\text{2}$; 1885 keV, $\text{J =}\text{7}\text{2}$ or $\text{5}\text{2}$; 2565 keV, $\text{J =}\text{3}\text{2}$. Reduced transition probabilities, B (M1) and B (E2), of many transitions were calculated from these experimental results and are compared with the available theoretical values.     

Atomic mass of145Eu derived from relative PK-ratios

The level scheme of⁹³Ru has been studied in⁴⁰Ca induced reactions on Ni and Fe targets. Two new levels feeding the known 17/2⁺ state have been established: an isomeric level (T_1/2=2.6 us) at 2081.5 keV with J=21/2⁺ and a level at 2103 keV, presumably a 17/2^? state. The B(E2; 21/2⁺→17/2⁺) value and the level scheme are compared to shell model predictions.     

Calculation of nuclear structure of205Pb relevant for the205Tl bdsolar neutrino detector

Energy spectrum and electromagnetic properties of²⁰⁵Pb have been studied in the cluster-vibration model (CVM). The lifetime of 0.3 ms was predicted for the 2.3 keV level which is of significance for considerations of the²⁰⁵Tl solar neutrino detector.     

Decay of 8.0-day131I to levels of131Xe and 11.77-day131mXe

The decay characteristics of¹³¹I have been determined with high accuracy. The total branch from¹³¹I to^131mXe has been measured to be 1.086±0.007%. The half life of^131mXe has been measured as 11.770±0.012 days. Theγ-ray spectrum has been determined and new transitions at 85.92, 232.17, 295.83, 302.44, and 449.57 keV established. The position, spin and parity were established for a 9/2^? level at 341.140 keV and spin and parity of 7/2^? established for a level at 666.921 keV. The log f₁t for the unique firstforbiddenβ transition from 7/2^{+ 131}I to 11/2^{? 131m}Xe has been calculated to be 9.78.     

Alpha decay studies of neutron-deficient radium isotopes

Neutron-deficient isotopes of radium have been produced in the reactions³⁵Cl+¹⁷⁵Lu,⁴⁰Ar+^170,171Yb, and³⁶Ar+^170,171Yb and separated in-flight with a gas-filled recoil separator. The activities have been identified on the basis of correlated alpha decay chains. The alpha particle energy E_α and the half-life T_1/2 of an isomeric state of the new isotope,^203m Ra, have been determined to be (7615±20) keV and (33 _?10 ⁺²² ) ms, respectively. An assignment of another decay with E_α = (7577±20) keV and T_1/2=(1.1 _?0.5 ^+5.0 ) ms to^203g Ra is made on the basis of one observed three-decay chain. Tentative evidence for the production of the new isotope²⁰²Ra is also given. The values E_α = (7860±60) keV and T_1/2=(0.7 _?0.3 ^+3.3 ) ms were measured. Improved decay data have been obtained for²⁰⁴Ra. The results are E_α = (7484±10) keV and T_1/2=(59 _?9 ⁺¹² ) ms. Earlier findings concerning the decay of two states in²⁰⁵Ra and an isomer in²⁰⁷Ra have been confirmed. Approximate values for cross sections have been determined for²⁰²Ra, produced using the³⁶Ar+¹⁷⁰Yb reaction and for²⁰³Ra,²⁰⁴Ra, and²⁰⁵Ra using the³⁵Cl+¹⁷⁵Lu reaction. The results are 2 nb (²⁰²Ra), 4 nb (²⁰³Ra), 40 nb (²⁰⁴Ra), and 800 nb (²⁰⁵Ra).