大功率TEA CO2激光系统的电磁兼容设计

大功率TEA CO2激光系统工作时产生的强电磁干扰主要来源于激光主放电回路、脉冲火花开关和电源。这种强电磁脉冲干扰对激光系统内部及相关外部设备的电子系统具有很大的干扰和破坏作用。对大功率TEA CO2激光系统的电磁干扰进行了分析计算,在此基础上对大功率TEA CO2激光系统进行了EMC设计。硬件设计手段分别采用了对电磁干扰源和控制子系统进行屏蔽、系统合理布局与布线、滤波隔离,软件采用了数据冗余纠错、冗余化操作和数据鉴别等抑噪和纠错技术,有效地抑制了干扰电磁波在系统内外的传播,解决了大功率TEA CO2激光系统EMC问题。结果表明,对电磁干扰源和控制子系统进行屏蔽,系统合理布局与布线、滤波隔离等措施,是抑制电磁干扰,保证激光控制子系统硬件不受损坏的主要手段。软件抗干扰,是硬件抑制电磁干扰措施的补充和延伸,能使激光系统具有很高的可靠性。     

电子学系统强电磁脉冲干扰场路结合仿真

对设备机箱内部某串口电路受外界强电磁脉冲干扰所引起的信号完整性问题进行了研究,基于场路结合的仿真分析方法,从空间电磁耦合现象和电路信号干扰效应这两个方面对强电磁脉冲干扰进行了完整的系统分析,发现电磁干扰可导致内部电路出现逻辑电平翻转等扰乱效果,并提出了有效避免电磁干扰的措施。     

高电磁兼容性大功率恒流源设计与实现

“神龙-Ⅱ”直线感应加速器运行时在其周围环境中产生较强的电磁干扰,严重影响恒流源等重要设备的运行。系统地分析了电磁干扰信号特征,在此基础上,采用全数字全光纤控制、电流/电压双闭环反馈控制等高可靠性电路设计,并综合应用共扼串扰脉冲抑制、分离地线及光电隔离等抗干扰措施,研制成功可在强电磁干扰环境下稳定运行的HL90型低纹波系数大电流程控恒流源,有力地保障了“神龙-Ⅱ”装置的正常运行。     

CMOS反相器的电磁干扰频率效应

利用自主开发的2维半导体器件-电路联合仿真器,研究了CMOS反相器在1 MHz～20 GHz电磁干扰作用下的响应。仿真结果表明:低频电磁干扰通过控制CMOS反相器中MOS管的导通、截止影响CMOS反相器的正常工作;高频电磁干扰通过MOS管中的本征电容耦合到输出端,干扰CMOS反相器的工作状态;CMOS反相器对于电磁干扰的敏感度随着干扰频率上升而不断降低。     

同步辐射光电子能谱光束线控制系统

同步辐射光电子能谱光束线控制系统是根据设计和使用要求对构成该光束线主要部件进行可靠控制。该控制系统除了满足在线光路部件、机械部件和真空部件等安全精密工作的要求外 ,还要求能使光束线能够以良好的性能为实验站服务。由于系统工作的电磁环境比较恶劣 ,在调试过程中经常发现电子器件、接口电路及电子设备等时常由于强电磁干扰及辐射干扰而损坏。经过多次现场分析和模拟实验之后 ,采用辐射屏蔽和不同形式的抗强电磁干扰措施 ,最终使系统和设备能长期可靠的工作     

基于LabVIEW的高功率微波驱动源监控系统

针对高功率微波源对前级驱动电源的计算机自动控制要求,设计了一套1 200 kV高功率微波驱动电源监控系统。系统采用多功能数据采集卡控制大功率调压器产生连续可调的工频电压,再经过环氧高压变压器和整流硅堆等转换为直流高压,对储能电容进行充电控制;采用高速数据输入输出卡控制触发系统按时序进行工作;监测计算机通过RS-485串口方式对直流高压、闸流管阳极电压、闸流管对地电流等进行实时状态监测;控制主机通过以太网与中央控制计算机实现通讯,可以单独控制电源工作,也可以通过中央计算机统一协调工作;采用LabVIEW作为软件开发平台,利用图形控件完成整个电源系统的控制监测等功能的设计;为了解决因电磁干扰强而引起的地电位抬高、高压采集不正常等问题,系统的软硬件都融入了可靠性设计。实验结果表明,该系统工作可靠稳定,实时性强,界面友好,操作简单,具有良好的可扩展性和移植性。     

基于虚拟仪器的电磁干扰近场测试系统设计

针对传统电磁干扰测试存在的环境要求苛刻、操作复杂及费用昂贵等问题,设计了一套基于虚拟仪器的电磁干扰近场测试系统。以近场探头和频谱仪组成系统硬件主体构架;运用LabWindows/CVI平台的交互式界面设计实现测试项目统一管理,通过VISA技术和NI-DAQmx完成频谱仪的控制和数据采集模块的设计。系统可满足非标准测试的需求,提高测试效率,并且开发周期短,兼容性强,具有一定的实用性与推广价值。     

脉冲激光引信发射接收模块的电磁干扰

 针对脉冲激光引信应用于中小口径常规弹药过程,由于体积严格受限而造成引信内部电磁干扰严重的问题,结合发射、接收模块工作原理,说明在其内部采取电磁干扰抑制措施的必要性。通过分析发射、接收模块电磁干扰产生机理,提出采用双重屏蔽方法抑制辐射干扰,采用线性阻抗稳定网络、缓冲网络和共差模合成扼流圈结合的多重滤波技术抑制传导干扰。对各措施作用效果进行仿真与实验,结果表明：厚度为1.55 mm钢材料对辐射干扰具有良好屏蔽效果;接收模块输出干扰信号峰峰值减小至70 mV,约为原干扰信号的1/40。这些方法大幅度降低了脉冲激光引信内部的电磁干扰,且工作稳定可靠。     

聚龙一号装置的强电磁干扰对PDV的影响研究

光子多普勒测速系统(PDV)常采用全光纤模式, 操作方便, 已成为材料超高压动态实验获取动力学特性的重要诊断技术。测速范围和精度与光电传感器和数据采集仪器有关, 激光到达靶面后返回光电转换器, 速度由多普勒引起的频率变化直接解读。聚龙一号装置是开展材料动态实验的重要平台, 放电电流峰值5~8MA, 0~100%上升时间300~750ns。在装置放电过程中, 靶室和大厅中的强电磁干扰可以达到10~300MHz, 当干扰耦合进返回光信号后, 导致速度剖面解读困难。采用聚四氟乙烯绝缘膜和导电铝膜包覆测速探针很好地抑制了强电磁干扰信号对光信号的干扰, 大大提高了速度测量数据的有效性。     

无人机定位系统电源分配网络电磁干扰行为级分析与预测

电源分配网络是无人机定位系统工作的基础单元,也是电磁干扰薄弱环节,电源分配网络（PDN）传导耦合干扰效应是导致定位系统故障的主要原因。为了提高定位系统电磁干扰敏感度预测模型的精度,基于泰勒级数对非线性系统的描述方法,将泰勒级数行为级模型系数表征为与干扰频率相关的函数,建立无人机定位系统PDN电磁干扰响应预测模型,分析预测PDN在受干扰情况下的非线性直流偏置电压。研究结果表明：在250～400 MHz电磁干扰范围内,基于泰勒级数的PDN电磁干扰响应预测模型可以对PDN在电磁干扰作用下的非线性直流偏置进行准确预测,预测误差在3%以内。     

强干扰环境下网络情报数据滤波通信系统设计

传统通信系统在强干扰环境下进行通信时,系统会出现性能下降甚至无法通信的问题。设计并实现了一种新的网络情报数据滤波通信系统,设计强干扰环境下网络情报数据滤波通信系统的整体结构;按照网络情报数据滤波通信系统的标准以及分析强干扰的特性,对瞬态电压抑制模块、瞬态保护模块、语音信号输入模块进行设计,采用电磁滤波去噪的方法对故障修复模块进行优化,实现网络情报数据滤波通信系统的设计。实验表明,改进的网络情报数据滤波通信系统较传统的通信系统具有较强的抗干扰能力,通信效果好等明显优势。     

Crystallization and annealing effects of sputtered tin alloy films on electromagnetic interference shielding

Sn, Al and Cu not only possess electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield efficiency, but also have acceptable costs. In this study, sputtered Sn-Al thin films and Sn-Cu thin films were used to investigate the effect of the crystallization mechanism and film thickness on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics. The results show that Sn-xAl film increased the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding after annealing. For as-sputtered Sn-xCu films with higher Cu atomic concentration, the low frequency EMI shielding could not be improved. After annealing, the Sn-Cu thin film with lower Cu content possessed excellent EMI shielding at lower frequencies, but had an inverse tendency at higher frequencies. For both the Sn-xAl and Sn-xCu thin films after crystallization treatment, the sputtered films had higher electrical conductivity, however the EMI shielding was not enhanced significantly.     

Dielectric properties and EMI shielding efficiency of polyaniline and ethylene 1-octene based semi-conducting composites

The preparation of polyaniline (PAni) was carried out by the oxidative emulsion polymerization of aniline and the semi-conducting composites were prepared by mixing it with a polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer ethylene 1-octene copolymer (EN). Different electrical properties and electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of these composites were measured. The results revealed that the incorporation of PAni in EN increases the conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and EMI SE. These composites exhibit pressure dependent dielectric properties and may act as pressure sensor. There are increase in AC conductivity and decrease in dielectric constant with the increase in applied pressure on composites. A model correlation between EMI SE and AC conductivity at same frequency for the composites having maximum 40% of PAni was obtained through extrapolation and linear regression analysis, which shows that EMI SE has linear relationship with AC conductivity. Because of their semi-conductive behavior these composites can find application as antistatic materials and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material.     

基于供电网络传导耦合的FPGA电磁敏感特性分析

针对电磁干扰(EMI)导致电子系统关键功能单元行为失效或安全问题,研究基于供电网络传导耦合的核心可编程集成电路(IC)电磁敏感(EMS)特性。分析典型FPGA供电网络的拓扑结构及其EMI传导耦合机理,设计基于EMI直接功率注入法的敏感度测试平台,测试受试芯片供电网络EMI传导耦合时典型功能单元的EMS特性,获取输入输出端口(IO)、逻辑单元(LE)、内部锁相环电路(PLL)等功能单元的敏感度阈值,给出LE冗余设计对相应电路EMS特性的影响规律。结果表明,在10 MHz~1 GHz干扰频率范围内,供电网络EMI敏感度由高到低依次为PLL,LE,IO,且IC地网络EMI敏感度高2~7 dBmW,LE冗余设计能有效改善逻辑功能单元电磁敏感度。     

Electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding characteristics of multiwalled carbon nanotube filled polyacrylate composite films

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were homogeneously dispersed in pure acrylic emulsion by ultrasonication to prepare MWCNT/polyacrylate composites applied on building interior wall for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. The structure and surface morphology of the MWCNTs and MWCNT/polyacrylate composites were studied by field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrical conductivity at room temperature and EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of the composite films on concrete substrate with different MWCNT loadings were investigated and the measurement of EMI SE was carried out in two different frequency ranges of 100-1000 MHz (radio frequency range) and 8.2-12.4 GHz (X-band). The experimental results show that a low mass concentration of MWCNTs could achieve a high conductivity and the EMI SE of the MWCNT/polyacrylate composite films has a strong dependence on MWCNTs content in both two frequency ranges. The SE is higher in X-band than that in radio frequency range. For the composite films with 10 wt.% MWCNTs, the EMI SE of experiment agrees well with that of theoretical prediction in far field.     

Correlation between noise and EMI on nanometer multi-quantum well InGaN LED

This study investigates the low-frequency noise induced by electromagnetic radiation interference (EMI) in a nanometer multi-quantum well InGaN LED (NMQ LED). Theoretical models of the noise spectra and the EMI are constructed. In general, a good agreement is identified between the experimental and theoretical results. Experimental and numerical results reveal that the magnitude of the EMI-induced noise is related to the pulse height, the output load, the parasitic capacitance, and the interference amplitude. It is shown that a higher interference amplitude increases the harmonic noise. Moreover, this thesis presents a complete measurement to obtain the interference noise and signal-to-noise ratio.     

Beta-manganese dioxide nanorods for sufficient high-temperature electromagnetic interference shielding in X-band

As the development of electronic and communication technology, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and attenuation is an effective strategy to ensure the operation of the electronic devices. Among the materials for high-performance shielding in aerospace industry and related high-temperature working environment, the thermally stable metal oxide semiconductors with narrow band gap are promising candidates. In this work, beta-manganese dioxide (β-MnO₂) nanorods were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The bulk materials of the β-MnO₂ were fabricated to evaluate the EMI shielding performance in the temperature range of 20–500 °C between 8.2 and 12.4 GHz (X-band). To understand the mechanisms of high-temperature EMI shielding, the contribution of reflection and absorption to EMI shielding was discussed based on temperature-dependent electrical properties and complex permittivity. Highly sufficient shielding effectiveness greater than 20 dB was observed over all the investigated range, suggesting β-MnO₂ nanorods as promising candidates for high-temperature EMI shielding. The results have also established a platform to develop high-temperature EMI shielding materials based on nanoscale semiconductors.     

通信机箱内连接器电磁干扰建模与仿真

随着工作频率的提高,通信系统面临的电磁干扰问题日益严重。其中高速连接器信号走线上的高频电流是产生电磁辐射的主要干扰源。对含有复杂元器件的通信机箱进行电磁建模与仿真长期面临结构过于复杂、仿真与测试难以匹配等困难。提出基于机箱Q值测算融合的方法建立等效仿真模型,基于区域分解对干扰源和机箱进行协同仿真,并采用有源叠加实现随机信号叠加效应的仿真分析。提出的分析方法可准确模拟真实机箱的谐振及耗散特性,简化连接器多端口激励随机叠加效应的仿真计算,实现机箱泄漏场强的准确预估。