无机纳米微粒及聚四氟乙烯填充聚醚醚酮复合材料的摩擦学性能

以纳米Al2O3、纳米TiO2及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)作为复合填料，利用热压成型方法分别制备了纳米Al2O3-PTFE及纳米TiO2-PTFE填充聚醚醚酮(PEEK)复合材料；采用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了纳米微粒对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响；采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了复合材料磨损表面形貌．结果表明：纳米微粒和PTFE作为复合填料可以显著改善PEEK的摩擦学性能，其改善效果同纳米微粒的填充量相关；当纳米填料的质量分数相同时，PEEK／PTFE／nano-TiO02复合材料的摩擦磨损性能明显优于PEEK／PTFE／nano-Al2O3复合材料；含纳米Al2O3的复合材料磨损表面呈现严重塑性变形特征，且塑性变形程度随纳米微粒含量增加而增大，而含纳米TiO2的复合材料磨损表面塑性变形轻微．     

纳米Al2O3增强PA6复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用MMW-1型摩擦磨损试验机考察了纳米Al2O3增强PA6复合材料同45#钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了试样磨损表面形貌.结果表明:纳米Al2O3可以提高PA6的耐磨性能;在小于100 N低载荷下纳米Al2O3填充PA6复合材料的滑动摩擦系数符合粘弹性材料的变化规律;只有当填充量适当时,纳米Al2O3微粒才能有效地增强聚合物基体的抗磨粒磨损性能,并阻碍聚合物基体向偶件磨损表面的粘着转移;纳米Al2O3质量分数为10%的PA6复合材料的抗磨性能最佳.     

超高分子量聚乙烯及其纳米Al2O3填充复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

采用MM - 2 0 0型摩擦磨损试验机考察了载荷及对摩偶件表面SiC粒度对超高分子量聚乙烯及其纳米Al2 O3填充复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响 ,利用扫描电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌并分析了其磨损机理 .结果表明 :纳米Al2 O3 可以提高超高分子量聚乙烯的硬度及抗磨粒磨损性能 ;随着载荷的增大 ,超高分子量聚乙烯及纳米填充复合材料的磨损加剧 ;纳米Al2 O3 填充超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的摩擦系数较超高分子量聚乙烯的略有增大 ;纳米Al2 O3 含量的增加有利于超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料抗磨粒磨损性能的提高 ;偶件表面喷涂SiC粒度的大小对超高分子量聚乙烯及其纳米Al2 O3 填充复合材料的磨损影响较大     

纳米Al2O3和Fe2O3填充尼龙PA1010的摩擦磨损行为

采用模具挤压成型方法制备了纳米Al2O3和Fe2O3填充PA1010尼龙复合材料，采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机考察了所制备的尼龙复合材料在干摩擦条件下同45#钢对摩时的摩擦磨损行为。研究结果表明，填充纳米Al2O3使得PA1010尼龙复合材料的摩擦系数增大，而填充纳米Fe2O3使得摩擦系数降低；纳米Al203和Fe2O3填充尼龙复合材料的耐磨性能优于尼龙；当纳米填料的质量分数从10％提高到20％时，纳米Fe2O3填充尼龙的磨损量增大，纳米Al2O3填充尼龙的磨损量无明显变化，2种填料填充尼龙复合材料的摩擦系数变化不大．纳米Fe2O3填充尼龙复合材料同45#钢对摩时主要呈现粘着磨损和轻微疲劳磨损特征，而纳米Al2O3填充尼龙复合材料呈现脆性疲劳开裂特征。纳米Fe2O3填充尼龙复合材料在偶件磨损表面形成的转移膜更加均匀和连续，故其减摩抗磨性能优于纳米Fe2O3填充尼龙复合材料。     

石墨对三氧化二铝/铜金属陶瓷复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用粉末冶金技术制备了Al2O3／Cu石墨复合材料；采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机考察了石墨对Al2O3／Cu基金属陶瓷复合材料摩擦磨损性能和硬度的影响；采用扫描电子显微镜分析了复合材料磨损表面形貌．结果表明：Al2O3／Cu基复合材料的摩擦系数随石墨含量的增加而降低，当石墨含量大于1.0％后，摩擦系数降低明显；当石墨含量低于3％时，Al2O3／Cu基复合材料的磨损体积损失随石墨含量的增加而降低；当石墨含量低于2．0％时，石墨对Al2O3／Cu基复合材料的硬度无明显影响；当石墨含量超过3．0％后，Al2O3／Cu基复合材料的硬度随石墨含量的增加迅速降低；此外，石墨使得Al2O3／Cu基复合材料磨损表面的微裂纹减少、裂纹长度缩短；当石墨含量达到2．5％时，复合材料磨损表面微裂纹消失．这是由于石墨在磨损表面形成固体润滑膜，从而降低摩擦力并减少裂纹源所致．     

SiO2/SnO2复合纳米微粒添加剂的摩擦学性能及其对磨损表面的修复作用研究

采用化学方法制备了SiO2 SnO2 复合纳米微粒，分别采用四球摩擦磨损试验机和环一块摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为矿物油添加剂的抗磨减摩性能及对磨损表面的修复作用．用扫描电子显微镜观察、分析了磨斑表面形貌，并探讨了复合纳米微粒添加剂的润滑作用机理．结果表明，SiO2 SnO2 复合纳米微粒添加剂具有优良的减摩抗磨性能，且对磨损表面具有一定的修复作用．其原因在于，SiO2 SnO2 复合纳米微粒在摩擦表面沉积并在接触区的高温高压作用下熔融铺展，形成低剪切强度的表面膜．     

纳米ZnO／环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能

在超声波作用下，利用偶联剂将ZnO纳米微粒同环氧树脂进行复合，制备了纳米ZnO／环氧树脂复合材料，用M-2000型摩擦磨损试验机评价了复合材料在干摩擦条件下同不锈钢对摩时的摩擦学性能，测定了复合材料的力学性能，并用正电子湮没寿命技术(PALT)分析了试样的微观结构．结果表明：纳米ZnO／环氧树脂复合材料的耐磨性优于环氧树脂；当纳米ZnO的质量分数为10％时，复合材料的磨损率最小，仅为环氧树脂的15％，且摩擦系数也有所降低；摩擦后复合材料试样的自由体积孔穴尺寸有所增大，而且随着ZnO含量的增加，自由体积孔穴尺寸呈增大趋势．     

激光镍包纳米Al2O3增强复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用大功率CO2激光器在45#钢基体上制备激光熔覆镍包纳米Al2O3复合涂层,采用金相显微镜观察涂层表面形貌,在销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机上评价复合涂层与45#碳钢配副的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:经激光熔覆处理制备的镍包纳米Al2O3复合涂层的耐磨性能显著提高,磨损质量损失降低38%,摩擦系数降低40%;复合涂层中纳米Al2O3的配比对其耐磨性影响显著,高配比涂层具有较好的耐磨性,而摩擦系数与Al2O3配比的关系不大.     

纳米Al2O3填充端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯橡胶-环氧树脂复合涂层的干滑动摩擦磨损性能研究

采用丁二烯合成出端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶,采用端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶与环氧树脂E51反应制备端异氰酸酯基液体聚丁二烯橡胶-环氧树脂聚合物(ETPB),同时在其中进一步填充5%和10%(质量分数)纳米Al2O3,在45#钢底材上制备出环氧树脂、改性环氧树脂及填充5%和10%纳米Al2O3的聚合物复合涂层,在MRH-3型高速环-块摩擦磨损试验机上评价了4种涂层在干滑动条件下的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:通过端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶改性环氧树脂可以提高环氧树脂涂层的力学性能及其抗磨性;填充5%和10%纳米Al2O3可以有效提高ETPB涂层的抗磨损性能;随着载荷和滑动速度的增加,ETPB涂层的磨损率明显增大;纳米Al2O3填充ETPB涂层的磨损率随载荷和滑动速度增加基本不变;4种涂层的摩擦系数随载荷和滑动速度的变化不大;E51环氧树脂基聚合物复合涂层的磨损机理为脆性断裂和剥层磨损.     

纳米复合材料激光熔覆层组织及抗磨性能

利用5kWCO2激光器，在Ni基高温合金表面制备了纳米Al2O3／钴基合金熔覆层，分析了熔覆层的组织结构及其抗磨性能．结果表明，当纳米Al2O3颗粒含量较低时，Al2O3颗粒能均匀分布于熔覆层中，从而形成纳米氧化物弥散强化的复合材料涂层；Al2O3颗粒在熔池中长大，尺寸为250-450nm；复合材料熔覆层的硬度随纳米Al2O3含量的增加而提高；当纳米Al2O3颗粒含适中时，熔覆层的抗磨性能较好；而当纳米Al2O3颗粒含量过高(3．0％)时，复合材料熔覆层的抗磨性能反而降低。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

Preface

This special issue of PARTICUOLOGY is devoted to the first UK-China Particle Technology Forum taking place in Leeds, UK, on 1-3 April 2007. The forum was initiated by a number of UK and Chinese leading academics and organised by the University of Leeds in collaboration with Chinese Society of Particuology, Particle Technology Subject Group （PTSG） of the Institution of Chemical Engineers （IChemE）, Particle Characterisation Interest Group （PCIG） of the Royal Society of Chemistry （RSC） and International Fine Particle Research Institute （IFPRI）. The forum was supported financially by the Engineering and Physics Sciences Research Council （EPSRC） of United Kingdom,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.