Organic LED device based on PtOEP phosphor without doping in host material

Electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL) have been studied on multi-layer organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices based on phosphorescent platinum octaethyl porphine (PtOEP) molecule. A multi-layer OLED (called Pt5) which has 100% PtOEP without doping in host as the emitting layer is investigated and compared its EL and PL characteristics with those of the other OLEDs (Pt2 and Pt3) with emitting layer of PtOEP doped in 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) host material. It is observed that Pt5 shows a lower EL efficiency than Pt2 and Pt3. Three broad EL bands are observed at 500, 527 and 570 nm in the multi-layer device in addition to red sharp EL band due to PtOEP in Pt5, while only the red PtOEP EL is observed in Pt2 and Pt3. The 500, 527 and 570 nm EL peaks arise from absorption of the broad 525 nm Alq₃ emission band by PtOEP layer. The emission from the Alq₃ electron-transport layer is caused by the carrier leakage from the hole-blocking BAlq layer. The intensity of red EL due to PtOEP is much weaker in Pt5 than in Pt2. Taking into account the result of PL, it is suggested that highly efficient energy transfer from CBP host to PtOEP guest occurs in Pt2 and Pt3, giving rise to higher PtOEP luminance, while concentration quenching occurs in PtOEP layer in Pt5.     

New composite materials based on fullerenes

New composite materials based on fullerenes are presented. To synthesize these materials, mixtures of polycrystalline C₆₀ powders with various hydrocarbon binding agents and dopants were exposed to high pressures and temperatures. As a result, strong insoluble samples were obtained. Halogens and sodium were used as acceptor and donor admixtures, respectively. In the latter case, a superconductor was prepared, which retained its properties in the course of long storage in air.     

基于长余辉材料的激光书写和显示

本文给出了长余辉材料一个新的用途,研制了一台以长余辉材料为屏幕的激光书写显示装置,可以人为控制激光笔在余辉材料上随意书写文字、画图并显示.该装置利用单片机和步进电机控制两组轴镜在不同方向的转动,从自己建立的开源矢量图库中调用相关图片,使激光光束在长余辉材料上进行二维矢量的扫描,完成文字书写和绘图显示.用VASP(Vienna abinitio simulation package)软件计算出长余辉材料Mn(H_2PO_4)_2的能级结构,测试了SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)和Mn(H_2PO_4)_2的余辉强度衰减曲线,便于调整样机电机的书写速度,测试了Mn(H_2PO_4)_2的反射谱和拉曼谱,其拉曼峰值在625,769和1049 nm及远红外.通过理论和实验研究,掌握了与相应长余辉材料匹配的激发最佳激光波段.制作样机后得到英文、中文、图像的实时书写和显示结果.本装置犹如一只无形的"笔"在纸上挥舞,流畅书写绘画,书写过程配上音乐颇具观赏性,该装置可应用于商业广告显示、动态标语书写、教学投影辅助设备、舞台效果、新型艺术表现形式等领域.     

Properties of a composite material based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and an ionic liquid

A solid-phase composite material based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) has been synthesized. It has been found using infrared spectroscopy that vibrational modes of the ionic liquid are shifted by 4–12 cm^?1 toward lower energies with respect to those observed in the initial fluid due to the interaction of ionic liquid molecules with the nanotubes. Electron microscopy has revealed that, in the composite, the ionic liquid is present on the surface of nanotubes and partially inside them. It has been shown that the degree of extraction of lanthanides from aqueous solutions with the use of the synthesized composite increases with increasing content of the ionic liquid in it.     

Dosimetric phosphor based on oxygen-deficient alumina ceramics

Oxygen-deficient alumina ceramics with blue luminescence was synthesized in reducing medium (vacuum, presence of carbon) from nanopowder at varying temperatures and annealing time. The structure of the samples, particle size distribution, changes in mass of the samples at different synthesis temperatures were studied. In the obtained ceramics the spectra of photoluminescence are registered in the band centered at 420 nm, which is associated with the F-centers created by oxygen vacancies. The luminescent intensity grows with increasing temperature and annealing time. The thermoluminescence curves feature two peaks whose intensities depend on the temperature of the ceramics synthesis. Dose response of the thermoluminescence peaks of alumina ceramics synthesized at 1700 °C was measured under beta-irradiation.     

Analysis of the structure of a conducting composite material based on butyl rubber for low-temperature composite electrical heaters

The structure of a conducting phase of a composite material based on butyl rubber with a dispersed technical carbon filler is analyzed by methods of optical microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It is established that the employed production technology ensures homogeneous distribution of technical carbon particles of different structural levels over the rubber matrix. The morphology, phase structure, substructure of ingredients of conducting rubber in different states, and microstructure of the composite material, permitting us to draw a conclusion about electrical conductivity mechanisms, are determined.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 38–47, October, 2004.     

Lattice Boltzmann simulation on thermal performance of composite phase change material based on Voronoi models

Phase change materials(PCMs) are important for sustaining energy development. For the thermal performance enhancement, the composite PCM with metal foam reconstructed by the Voronoi method is investigated in this work. The lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) is used to analyze the melting process on a pore scale. The melting interface evolution and temperature contour of the composite PCM are explored and compared with those of pure PCM. Moreover, structure parameters including the pore density, porosity and irregularity are investigated comprehensively, indicating that the additive of metal foam strengthens the melting performance of PCM obviously. Compared with pure PCM, the composite PCM has quick rates of the melting front evolution and heat transfer. The heat conduction plays a great role in the whole melting process since the convection is weakened for the composite PCM. To improve the melting efficiency, a larger pore density and smaller irregularity are recommended in general. More significantly, a suitable porosity is determined based on the requirement for the balance between the melting rate and heat storage capacity in practical engineering.     

Lamb波多特征参数的复合材料损伤程度 评估方法*

航空航天飞行器、风电等工程机械结构的安全性保障至关重要,复合材料等新材料的大量应用,进一步提升了对结构健康监测的难度和要求。裂纹、脱层等复合材料结构典型损伤形成机理复杂、易扩展,损伤程度累积严重时会造成结构的突然失效。面向复合材料结构的损伤监测与诊断,现有的方法大多很难实现对结构损伤程度的跟踪评估,进而无法对结构的安全性评价提供依据。采用Lamb波监测理论,基于其传播距离远、对小损伤敏感等特点,通过研究分析典型损伤对Lamb波结构响应信号传播的多个特征作用过程和机理,采用多尺度分析,提取结构损伤时频域多特征参数;借助于神经网络的非线性映射能力,构建多特征复合材料结构损伤程度评估模型,实现对不同程度下典型结构损伤的评估。在环氧玻璃纤维复合材料板结构上的实验验证结果表明：提取的Lamb波时频域多特征参数,对不同程度典型损伤有一定的敏感性,所构建的损伤程度评估系统可以较为有效的实现损伤的程度估计。     

基于2-2型压电复合材料的新型宽频带径向振动超声换能器

本文提出了一种基于2-2型压电复合材料的新型宽频带径向振动超声换能器,它主要由内金属圆环和外压电陶瓷复合材料圆环组成.首先利用Newnham串并联理论和均匀场理论推导了2-2型压电复合材料的等效参数;其次利用解析法得到了金属圆环和径向极化压电复合陶瓷圆环径向振动的机电等效电路;最后得到了换能器的六端机电等效电路,从而得到了换能器的频率方程.接着分析了换能器共振频率和反共振频率以及有效机电耦合系数与几何尺寸、两相体积占比的关系,采用仿真软件对新型换能器的径向振动进行了数值模拟.结果表明,利用解析法得到的共振频率和反共振频率与数值模拟结果吻合较好.此外,对换能器在水下的辐射声场进行了仿真研究,结果表明新型复合材料径向换能器相比传统纯陶瓷径向换能器,发射电压响应幅值更大,工作带宽提高接近一倍,声匹配更佳.     

New photopolymerizable holographic recording material based on polyvinylalcohol and 2-hydroxiethylmethacrylate (HEMA)

We have developed a new polyvinylalcohol-based photopolymeric holographic recording material. The recording is obtained by the copolymerization of acrylamide and 2-hydroxiethylmethacrylate (HEMA). Diffraction efficiencies near 70% are obtained with exposures of ≈65 mJ/cm² in materials of 110-μm thickness. The addition of HEMA increases the thickness of the film, which results in improved storage capacity for holographic optical storage. Received: 7 March 2002 / Published online: 2 May 2002     

Thin-film ferromagnetic composite material for spintronics

The results of a study of the magnetic and other parameters of thin-film EuO:Fe composites, which really meet the requirements imposed on the use of them as spin injectors in the developed semiconductor spin-electronic structures capable of operating under normal conditions at room temperatures, are reported.     

Study of europium and selected actinides uptake on composite material CMPO-PAN

Modified CMPO-PAN production was used and the resulting composite material was tested for purposes of extraction chromatography. A commercially avaialble extraction agent octyl(phenyl)-N,N’-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were used. The europium uptake kinetics by composite material was studied in two different nitric acid solutions. The dependences of weight distribution coefficients (D_g) of europium, americium, plutonium, uranium, and neptunium on nitric acid concentration (0.01–5 mol L⁻¹) in the presence of sodium nitrate (0.1 mol L⁻¹) were determined. High D_g-values were found in 0.1–5 M nitric acid for all elements tested. Increase in europium and americium D_g-values with decrease in nitric acid concentration (bellow 0.1 mol L⁻¹) was observed. This behaviour in diluted nitric acid solutions differs from the behaviour of the similar materials with another support. CMPO-PAN composite material was compared with commercially available TRU Resin. D_g-values of the tested elements in all solutions used were higher for CMPO-PAN than for TRU Resin. The retention of the studied elements on CMPO-PAN in hydrochloric acid was made as a screening study.     

New bioactive hybrid material of nano-hydroxyapatite based on N-carboxyethylchitosan for bone tissue engineering

N-carboxyethylchitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite (NCECS/HA) composite films were fabricated and their potential applications in guiding bone regeneration were investigated in terms of their in vitro cellular activity. Fourier ransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the structure and composition of the composite film. Field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that HA nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously in NCECS matrix. The composite film has sufficient mechanical properties for tissue engineering scaffold. The composite film was found to have better cartilage cell adhesion and growth than pure NCECS film.     

Fluorescence properties of a composite material based on the 5CB nematic liquid crystal with gold nanoparticles

The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra of n-pentyl-n′-cyanobiphenyl and a related composite material with gold nanoparticles in the liquid crystalline and solid states have been investigated. The introduction of gold nanoparticles into the liquid crystal leads to a noticeable quenching of fluorescence in the emission region of the predimer and excimer states of cyanobiphenyl. In the solid phase, a quenching of free excitons and a short-wavelength shift of fluorescence bands have been observed.     

含三聚氰胺多孔材料分层复合介质吸声特性*

三聚氰胺泡沫材料是一种具有高开孔率的多孔材料,具备优良的吸音、防火隔热及环保性能,可以作为吸声材料与弹性板、空腔介质形成复合结构,在建筑、航空、交通工具等工程领域有广泛的应用。该文基于Biot理论和分层介质在交界面处的不同边界条件,建立非均匀复合介质背衬刚性壁面结构的理论声学模型,详细分析了多孔材料布局对复合结构吸声特性的影响。该文理论模型计算的结果与阻抗实验得到的垂直入射吸声系数基本一致,验证了理论模型的正确性。结果表明:在多孔材料前面增加空气层可以改善高频吸声特性;在多孔材料后面增加空气层可以改善复合结构低频吸声特性。通过合理配置多孔材料,可以在应用需求频段上达到满意的吸声效果。     

Dielectric properties of film materials based on polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate with ferroelectric inclusions

The dielectric properties of film materials based on polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate with inclusions of triglycine sulfate (TGS) and TGS with admixture of L, ??-alanine (ATGS) have been studied. An increase in the temperature of the phase transition in these materials as compared to in bulk TGS and ATGS has been revealed.     

Fused silica as a composite nanostructured material

A method for calculating the refractive index of optical fused silica by applying the model of effective permittivity of composite homogeneous media is proposed and realized. The calculation was performed using the tabular data of the refractive index of crystalline α quartz and the ratio of the quartz glass and α quartz densities. It was suggested that fused silica contains nanosized pores with a glass filling number q immersed in a matrix with a density differing from the α quartz density by a factor of κ, where κ is slightly less than unity. It was established that the Maxwell-Garnett model makes it possible to calculate the refractive index of quartz glass and its dispersion in the transparency range (404 nm ≤ λ ≤ 671 nm) with a deviation less than 0.0002 from the tabular values. The calculated and experimental values coincide at q = 0.155 and κ = 0.986.