f[g(x)]的反函数与f~(-1)[g(x)]是两回事

求函数f[g(x)]的反函数与求f-1[g(x)]，许多人把它们看成一回事，因而在或题时会发生这样或那样的错误．求f[g(x)]的反函数是求复合函数的反函数，其反围数的复合过程恰好与原函数相反，即y而求f-1[g(x)]是在求出x=f(x)的反函数广f-1(x)之后，再求出反函数的复合函数．二者过程不同，不能混淆．1求f-1[g(x)]的反函娄例1已知f（X）一3X＋I，求人又十1）的反函数‘有人这样拉：f（X）一3X＋1的反函数是这种解法的错误是显而易见的，由上图进行核验知广’（“＋’）一百（“’‘人正确解法是：函数人X）一3X＋1的反函数是广‘（x）一百（X…     

不确定的 f~(-1)[f(x)]

题:若f(x)=3x-2,求f~(-1)[f(x)]。解法一∵f(x)=3x-2, ∴f[f(x)]=3f(x)-2=9x-8。 x=f[f(x)] 8/9; 故 f~(-1)[f(x)」=x 8/9。解法二∵f(x)=3x-2, ∴x=f(x) 2/3,f~(-1)(x)=x 2/3 故 f~(-1)[f(x)]=f(x) 2/3 =3x-2 2/3=x 解法三∵f(x)=3x-2, ∴确定函数f(x)的映射是从定义域集R到值域集R的一一映射,即f:x→3x→2=y。     

问题与解答

一、本期问题 1 △ABC中,BC=a,其内切圆半径为r,如图两个半径同为r_a的⊙X、⊙Y分别与AB、 BC和AC、BC相切,且⊙X、⊙Y也彼此外切。试证:1/γ_a-1/γ=2/a。 2 设函数f(x)是奇函数,对任意x、y∈R,都有f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y),且x>0时,f(x)<0,f(1)=-2,求f(x)在〔-3,3〕上的最大值和最小值。江苏省六合县八百中学周永道供题 3 比较sum from n-1 to 25(1-n/365)与1/2的大小。     

要什么,解什么

有这么一道函数方程:若f(x)-2f(1/x)=x,求f(x)。有这样一种解法: ∵ f(x)-2f(1/x)=x=(-3x~2/-3x)=(x~2 2-3-4x~2)/-3x=(x~2 2)/(-3x)-(2·(1 2x~2)/-3x)=(x~2 2)/(-3x)-(2·(1/x~2) 2/(-3·1/x)。∴ f(x)-(x~2 2)/(-3x)。我真不知道怎么想到要把x写成(-3x~2)/(-3x)?更不知道怎么想到要把-3x~2写成x~2 2 2-4x~2?我疑心的是编者事先求出f(x),再倒过来创造了这种解法的。我知道的是,要从f(x)-2f(1/x)=x中求出f(x)。于是要想办法消去f(1/x),因此还得     

THE ALEKSANDROV PROBLEM FOR UNIT DISTANCE PRESERVING MAPPING

1 IntroductionLet X and Y be two real metric spaces. A mappillg f: X ~ Y is called an isometryj ifd(f(x), f(y)) = d(x, y) for all x, y E X.A mapping f: X - Y satisfies the distance one preserving property (DOPP) if f for allx, y E X with d(x, y) = 1 it follows that d(f(x), f(y)) = 1.A mapping f: X ~ Y satisfies the strong distance one preserving property (SDOPP) ifffor all x, y E X with d(x, y) = 1 it follows that d(f(x), f(y)) = 1 and conversely.Problem(P) Let f: X - Y be a mappin…     

该配对时就配对

有一类计算题,已知函数f(x),求这个函数f(x)在许多点处的函数值之和。对这类计算题,往往直接计算甚是繁杂,费时费力,但根据已知函数f(x)的特点,通过两两配对,而恰恰每一对的和又是定值,这时,可巧妙地解决问题,下面举例说明。例1 (2002年全国高考题)如果函数f(x)=x~2/(1 x~2),则f(1) f(2) … f(9) f(1/2) f(1/3) … f(1/9)=____。解因为f(x)=x~2/(1 x~2),则f(1/x)=1(1 x~2)(x不为0),恰有f(x) f(1/x)=1。于是将f(2)与f(1/2)、f(3)与f(1/3)、…、f(9)与f(1/9)配对,得所求的结果为17/2。     

课外练习

高一年级1.设f(x)=3x/3x √3,求和:f(1/101) f(2/101) … f(100/101).(浙江省镇海中学(315200) 张宇红)2.已知函数y=f(x)的定义域为实数集R,对任意x ∈R,都有f(a x)=f(a-x),其中a为常数.当x     

NA随机变量的递归密度核估计的渐近正态性

设{Xn,n≥1}为同分布的NA样本序列，其未知概率密度函数为f(x),基于样本X1,…,Xn，用递归密度核估计fn(x)=1/n∑j=1 n 1/hj K(x-Xj/hj)对f(x)进行估计。本文研究了在一定条件下，fn(x)的渐近正态性。     

方程 dx/dt=f(x(t-1))具有周期量的4/3周期解的条件

本文证明了滞后型泛函微分方程(dx)/(dt)=f(x(t-1)) (E)存在4/3-周期解的两个定理.一个主要结果如下:假如f(x)是[a-1,a+1]上连续函数,且满足:(i)-f(x)=f(y),y=2a-x,(?)x∈[a-1,a]:(ii):f(x)=f(y),y=2a+1-x,(?)x∈[a,a+1]:(iii)f(x)>0,(?)x∈(a,a+1)和(?).则方程(E)存在4/3-周期解x(t),且x(-1+k4/3)=a+1,x(-2/3+k(4/3))=a,x(-1/3+k(4/3))=a-1,x(k(4/3))=a,k=0,1,2,….     

Szabados猜想的一个部分回答

本文中给出Szabados猜想的部分回答，即假设X是强标准的且^-X=[-1，1]，如果函数f(x)是连续可微的且满足||A，（f,X,x）||=o(n^-1)，那末f(x)为一常数。     

Study of the blow-up of solutions of systems of equations of hydrodynamic type

Mathematical Notes - We study the initial boundary-value problem for three-dimensional systems of equations of pseudoparabolic type. The system is similar to the Oskolkov system, but differs from...     

Distribution of types of symmetry of tensors of high degree

The asymptotic distribution of tensors of degree N in symmetry types is studied in this paper.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 155, pp. 181–186, 1986.     

Characterization of types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses

We give a characterization of the types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses in the case of hypothetical measures that are not, in general, mutually absolutely continuous. The case when the logarithm of the likelihood ratio admits an asymptotic expansion of the type of an expansion with local asymptotic normality is examined in detail. Examples are studied.Translated fromTeoriya Sluchainykh Protsessov, Vol. 15, pp. 64–71, 1987.     

Axiomatizability of reducts of algebras of relations

In this paper, we prove that any subreduct of the class of representable relation algebras whose similarity type includes intersection, relation composition and converse is a non-finitely axiomatizable quasivariety and that its equational theory is not finitely based. We show the same result for subreducts of the class of representable cylindric algebras of dimension at least three whose similarity types include intersection and cylindrifications. A similar result is proved for subreducts of the class of representable sequential algebras. Received October 7, 1998; accepted in final form September 10, 1999.     

Lengths of periods of continued fractions of square roots of integers

Empirical study of the period’s length T of the continued fractions of $\sqrt{Q}$ (for growing integers Q) shows several strange asymptotical results, for instance, $T\leq C\sqrt{Q}\ln{Q}$ . These results show important differences between the statistics of the elements of the continued fractions of random real numbers and of square roots of random integers.