共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
《有机化学》2020,(6)
与传统N—O含能材料相比, N—F键调控的含能化合物因具有密度大、比冲高、与高热值金属燃烧放热量大等独特优势而受到各国研究人员的广泛关注.依据结构特点,N—F键含能化合物涵盖氟氮唑类含能化合物、二氟氨基二硝甲基化合物、偕二氟氨基化合物以及二氟氨基聚合物等4类含能化合物.综述了N—F键调控的含能化合物研究进展,重点探讨了N—F单键和二氟氨基引入策略以及其相关含能衍生物的合成技术途径,评述了典型氟氮含能化合物物化与爆轰性能.发展高效、安全、便捷的N—F键和二氟氨基合成方法,开发结构稳定、感度适中的新型N-氟唑类含能化合物、偕二氟氨基硝胺环状等高能量密度化合物将是含能材料领域重要的发展方向之一. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
含萘酰亚胺基的树枝状化合物具有特殊的发光性能和电学性质,其中一个重要特征是它还具有优异的光诱导电子转移性能,从而引起了人们的广泛关注.近年来科学家们已经合成了多种新型的含萘酰亚胺基树枝状化合物,它们在众多领域具有潜在的应用价值.综述了近年来含萘酰亚胺基的树枝状化合物的研究进展,介绍了部分树枝状萘酰亚胺基化合物的合成及其应用,这些化合物由于其独特的结构特点而具有特殊的性能,在化学传感器、光捕获天线材料、有机电致发光器件、药物传输、环境污染检测等领域具有重要的应用价值.最后,展望了此类化合物良好的应用前景. 相似文献
6.
7.
苯并菲盘状液晶是一类新型的有机电子学材料.该类材料多数以空穴传输功能为主,能传输电子的n-型材料较少.氮杂苯并菲是与苯并菲衍生物非常相似的一种杂环化合物,材料结构中引入了氮原子,吸电子能力得到增强,是潜在的n-型有机半导体材料,具有重要的应用价值.本文系统回顾了氮杂苯并菲类盘状液晶材料的研究进展,分类讨论了材料的分子结构,其中包括二、四、六氮杂苯并菲,以及它们的合成方法和物理化学性能,论述了材料在光电子领域的最新使用进展,并在此基础上,对该类液晶材料作为n-型有机半导体在光电子器件领域的应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
8.
1,2,3-三唑类含能化合物具有密度高、生成焓高及热稳定性好等特点,近年来受到科研人员的广泛研究和报道.较全面地综述了单环1,2,3-三唑、多环1,2,3-三唑和稠环1,2,3-三唑类含能化合物的研究成果,对其合成方法、感度和爆轰性能进行了总结.结果表明,1,2,3-三唑含能化合物具有良好的爆轰性能和热稳定性,在含能材料领域具有重要的研究价值和应用潜力.最后,对1,2,3-三唑含能化合物的发展现状进行总结与展望,提出了各类1,2,3-三唑含能化合物未来可能的应用方向,以期为从事含能化合物研究的科研人员提供一定的参考. 相似文献
9.
10.
硝基四唑及其高氮化合物* 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
硝基四唑及其高氮化合物是指分子中含有5-硝基四唑结构的一类高氮化合物,优越的性能和突出的特点使其成为含能材料领域的研究热点之一,在起爆药、推进剂及其燃速催化剂、高能炸药、气体发生剂等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文对硝基四唑的结构与热分解机理进行了分析介绍;全面系统地综述评价了硝基四唑及其盐类和配合物类衍生物的合成、性能表征与应用前景。根据其成盐阳离子的不同,硝基四唑盐类主要包括碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、过渡金属盐、胺盐和高氮杂环阳离子盐。根据配位方式的不同,其配合物可分为配阴离子型和配阳离子型。在此基础上,对硝基四唑及其高氮化合物的未来发展及应用提出了展望。 相似文献
11.
Alan Miralrio Luis Enrique Sansores 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2014,114(14):931-942
The electronic structure and stability in binary and ternary aluminum‐bismuth‐nitrogen nanoclusters up to six atoms are studied using density functional theory (DFT). The lowest energy geometries were obtained by sampling the geometrical space with a Monte Carlo method and geometry optimizations, at DFT level, with M06L functional. The clusters stability is analyzed using formation and fragmentation energies. Our results show that a high concentration of nitrogen presents a tendency to form nitrogen clusters. highest occupied molecular orbital‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps show the well‐known oscillation as the number of atoms is increased. Bonding between Al, Bi, and N has mainly a π character. Bismuth and aluminum atoms tend to promote high multiplicity states in small clusters. These new binary and ternary materials provide a potential new field in optoelectronics and high energetic material compounds. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
12.
Martin Lerch Jürgen Janek Klaus D. Becker Stefan Berendts Hans Boysen Thomas Bredow Richard Dronskowski Stefan G. Ebbinghaus Martin Kilo Marck W. Lumey Manfred Martin Christoph Reimann Eberhard Schweda Ilia Valov Hans D. Wiemhöfer 《Progress in Solid State Chemistry》2009,37(2-3):81-131
The possibility of fast nitrogen ion conduction in solids is reviewed. Promising electrolytes based on three different base compounds are in the focus of this contribution: Zirconium oxide nitrides, tantalum oxide nitrides and mayenite-based materials. All aspects ranging from preparation methods, crystal structures (ideal and defect structure, also at elevated temperatures), transport properties (ionic and electronic conductivity, transference numbers, diffusion) and correlations between structure and physical properties are presented and discussed, in part also in relation to theoretical calculations. Fluorite-type quaternary oxide nitrides of zirconium are proven to be the first known materials with high nitrogen ion mobility. They can be described as fast mixed oxygen/nitrogen conductors but are limited due to the low maximum nitrogen/oxygen ratio achievable. Corresponding phases based on stabilized tantalum oxide nitrides have a superior N/O ratio but show poor thermal stability. For the development of a pure nitrogen ion conductor a different approach has also been investigated: Some cage compounds, in particular mayenite, allow the substitution of oxygen anions not tightly bound in the framework by nitrogen ions. Some of the obtained N-containing phases exhibit an outstanding electrical conductivity at low temperatures. Possible devices and applications such as a new type of a nitrogen sensor and an ammonia-producing fuel cell are introduced and discussed. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Saudi Chemical Society》2023,27(5):101694
This review article provides an overview of the properties and methods for synthesis of BiSI and Bi13S18I2 semiconductor compounds in the form of thin films, powders and crystals, as well as their application in photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical devices. Over the past decade, the results of extensive and versatile research on the structure, properties, functionality and potential applications of bismuth-containing semiconductor materials have accumulated. Bismuth halides and chalcohalides are a developing class of materials that have a small band gap, high chemical stability, effective absorbing properties when absorbing light radiation, which causes the registration of high quantum efficiency values and the possibility of their use in photoelectrochemical processes and photovoltaic solid-state elements. This review presents the results of recent developments and basic approaches aimed at obtaining various multicomponent compounds based on bismuth and improving photoelectrochemical properties. Various structures which demonstrate the importance of thin films based on bismuth compounds are also described. The key problems related to the synthesis and development of these materials is presented. This review will provide a deeper understanding and determine the preferred direction for the synthesis of bismuth-containing thin films for energy and environmental applications. 相似文献
14.
Phosphazene-containing porous materials are of a great interest due to their unique properties, caused by the synergetic presence of nitrogen and phosphorus atoms, and have found applications as adsorbents, basic catalysts, etc. On the other hand, cage-like silsesquioxanes are ideal building blocks for the preparation of covalently-linked porous materials. Here two new phosphazene-functionalized organosilsesquioxane cage-based porous polymers were synthesized successively by a Friedel-Crafts reaction of hexapyrrolylcyclotriphosphazene with octavinylsilsesquioxane in the presence of AlCl3 and CF3SO3H as catalysts. The nature of acid catalysts barely influenced the character of pores due to the interaction of catalysts with basic nitrogen atoms of phosphazene units. The obtained polymers exhibited high efficiency as metal-free catalysts for the Knoevenagel reaction. This work opens new perspectives in the use of porous polymers based on cage-like organosiloxane compounds as basic catalysts for various reactions. 相似文献
15.
16.
Combining the Advantages of Tetrazoles and 1,2,3‐Triazoles: 4,5‐Bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazole, 4,5‐Bis(1‐hydroxytetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazole,and their Energetic Derivatives 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Alexander A. Dippold Dr. Dániel Izsák Prof. Dr. Thomas M. Klapötke Carolin Pflüger 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(5):1768-1778
In the development of new energetic materials, the main challenge is the combination of high energy content with chemical and mechanical stability, two properties that are often contradictory. In this study, the syntheses and comprehensive characterizations of 4,5‐bis(tetrazole‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazole and the novel 4,5‐bis(1‐hydroxytetrazole‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazole, as well as their energetic properties, are presented, combining the advantages of the more energetic tetrazole and the more stable 1,2,3‐triazole rings. Nitrogen‐rich salts of both compounds were synthesized to investigate their detonation performances and combustion behavior calculated by computer codes for potential application in erosion‐reduced gun propellant mixtures due to their high nitrogen content. The structures of several of the compounds were studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and, especially in the case of 4,5‐bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazole, revealed the site of deprotonation. 相似文献
17.
We describe the computational design of electroceramic materials with optimal permittivity for application as electronic components. Given the difficulty of large-scale manufacture and characterization of these materials, including the theoretical prediction of their materials properties by conventional means, our approach is based on a recently established database containing composition and property information for a wide range of ceramic compounds. The electroceramic materials composition-function relationship is encapsulated by an artificial neural network which is used as one of the objectives in a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. Evolutionary algorithms are stochastic optimization techniques which we employ to search for optimal materials based on chemical composition. The other objectives optimized include the reliability of the neural network prediction and the overall electrostatic charge of the material. The evolutionary algorithm searches for materials which simultaneously have high relative permittivity, minimum overall charge, and good prediction reliability. We find that we are able to predict a range of new electroceramic materials with varying degrees of reliability. In some cases the materials are similar to those contained in the database; in others, completely new materials are predicted. 相似文献
18.
近些年,高压化学的研究取得了非常多的成果。本文从基础化学原理出发,讨论高压对原子轨道能量和化学键的影响。高压下,原子轨道能量会发生改变,从而导致核外电子在轨道间的重新排布,影响到元素的化学性质。于分子而言,高压下分子晶体会发生相变,不饱和化合物会发生自聚,饱和化合物则有可能金属化。 相似文献
19.
Huile Jin Xin Feng Jun Li Matthew Li Yuanzhi Xia Yifei Yuan Chao Yang Bin Dai Zhiqun Lin Jichang Wang Jun Lu Shun Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(8):2419-2423
The design of carbon‐based materials with a high mass density and large porosity has always been a challenging goal, since they fulfill the demands of next‐generation supercapacitors and other electrochemical devices. We report a new class of high‐density heteroatom‐doped porous carbon that can be used as an aqueous‐based supercapacitor material. The material was synthesized by an in situ dehalogenation reaction between a halogenated conjugated diene and nitrogen‐containing nucleophiles. Under the given conditions, pyridinium salts can only continue to perform the dehalogenation if there is residue water remaining from the starting materials. The obtained carbon materials are highly doped by various heteroatoms, leading to high densities, abundant multimodal pores, and an excellent volumetric capacitive performance. Porous carbon tri‐doped with nitrogen, phosphorous, and oxygen exhibits a high packing density (2.13 g cm?3) and an exceptional volumetric energy density (36.8 Wh L?1) in alkaline electrolytes, making it competitive to even some Ni‐MH cells. 相似文献
20.
Lei Guo Yi Zhang Silvio Osella Samuel M. Webb Xue-Jing Yang William A. Goddard III Michael R. Hoffmann 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(39):e202309258
Nitrogen recovery from wastewater represents a sustainable route to recycle reactive nitrogen (Nr). It can reduce the demand of producing Nr from the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch process and lower the risk of causing eutrophication simultaneously. In this aspect, source-separated fresh urine is an ideal source for nitrogen recovery given its ubiquity and high nitrogen contents. However, current techniques for nitrogen recovery from fresh urine require high energy input and are of low efficiencies because the recovery target, urea, is a challenge to separate. In this work, we developed a novel fresh urine nitrogen recovery treatment process based on modular functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Specifically, we employed three distinct modification methods to MOF-808 and developed robust functional materials for urea hydrolysis, ammonium adsorption, and ammonia monitoring. By integrating these functional materials into our newly developed nitrogen recovery treatment process, we achieved an average of 75 % total nitrogen reduction and 45 % nitrogen recovery with a 30-minute treatment of synthetic fresh urine. The nitrogen recovery process developed in this work can serve as a sustainable and efficient nutrient management that is suitable for decentralized wastewater treatment. This work also provides a new perspective of implementing versatile advanced materials for water and wastewater treatment. 相似文献