一种实验室专用浸没式管式陶瓷电阻液体加热器

管式陶瓷电阻作为一种电阻元件都是用于电子电路之中。将其作一定技术处理后,专用于实验室中的液体加热,收到极好的效果。该加热器已获国家专利授权。     

CT实验仪的研制及其在物理教学中的应用

介绍了我们研制的CT实验仪的原理及开发，使用情况，包括CT的物理，数学原理，CT装置的结构，性能、工作原理等，文末给出实验结果，并对装置在物理实验教学中的意义作了讨论。     

X-ray photoelectron studies of pure and oxidised ytterbium and lutetium

X-ray photoelectron spectra of pure and deliberately oxidised ytterbium and lutetium have been investigated with a high-vacuum instrument (VG-ESCA3), using both aluminium and magnesium Kα radiation. Core-level binding energies are measured accurately with respect to the Fermi level of the pure metal and discrepancies have been found between the present and previously published data. Precise information regarding the location of 4f-levels with respect to the Fermi level has been obtained. The splitting of the 4f levels has been observed and yields some interesting information. The present results have been compared with those available from theoretical and other experimental reports.     

实时测量308 nm 激光对薄膜的损伤阈值

 用散射光法, 建立了一套实时监视与测量308nm 激光对全反膜和增透膜的损伤的实验装置。实时观察到了损伤从起始、加深直至饱和的整个过程的波形。用这一装置测量了全反膜和增透膜在308nm 激光作用下的损伤阈值。测得全反膜在0°与45°入射角时的损伤阈值分别为1.7与1.0J/cm²。而增透膜的阈值为1.3J/cm²。     

Environmental application of pulsed laser-induced incandescence

A portable instrument based on two-color laser-induced incandescence (LII) technique has been designed and developed for the detection of carbonaceous particles for environmental applications. The instrument has been calibrated by performing LII measurements at the exhaust of a home-made soot generator. The incandescence signal from particles sampled into the instrument has been compared with in situ, calibrated, LII measurements to correlate the incandescence signal by the instrument with particles concentration. Measurements of particulate with the LII instrument were then conducted in different environmental conditions, covering a wide range of concentration (from ambient air to cars’ exhaust). The detection limit of the LII instrument has been estimated to be in the range of 200 ng/m³. These measurements have been also compared with results obtained with a commercial aethalometer. The results show a linear relationship between the two sets of measurements, also in the case where significant variation of the carbon particles concentration has been observed over time. These observations allow us to infer that the two instruments are responding in the same way to different carbon particles load, size and nature.     

修改形式的机械补偿器

为便于产生和分析各种椭圆偏振光 ,需要有产生椭圆偏振光的光学元件 ,其中一个重要的光学元件就是补偿器。补偿器有多种类型 ,在机械补偿器中应用最广泛的是巴俾涅补偿器和索累补偿器 ,但它们各有其缺点。现设计出了一种新的补偿器件 ,它克服了这两种补偿器的不足 ,结构简单、操作方便。     

A Compact Violet Diode Laser-Based Fluorescence Lifetime Microscope

We have constructed a time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) microscope system using a pulsed violet-laser diode for measuring fluorescence lifetimes below 1 ns. These compact; cool, and fast-pulsed laser diodes are much more suitable for lifetime measurements than the traditional mode-locked lasers used in the past. The laser source (LDH-400, PicoQuant GmbH) is mounted on an optical table above the microscope, and the laser beam is directed into an Olympus BX-60 microscope by means of a dichroic beamsplitter set at 45 degrees. The system operates in backscattering mode with the fluorescence emission passing back through the dichroic beamsplitter and focused into a 100 mm focal length monochromator with a PMT detector. This prototype instrument is compact (80 × 70 × 70 cm) and is nearly fully computer controlled by means of a SPC-730 (Becker & Hickl) PC card. We include preliminary results showing the instrument response function (IRF) of the system, and some of the factors have been adjusted to minimize the temporal width of the IRF. The instrument has been validated using a series of standard fluorophores at different emission wavelengths.     

合肥同步辐射软X射线显微术研究

合肥国家同步辐射实验室首期建设的光束线之一用于软Ｘ射线显微成像研究。实验站现已装置初型的扫描透射Ｘ射线显微镜，并正在进行亲一代的扫描显微建设，同时还使同步辐射光进行接触软Ｘ射线呈微成像研究，并对选取的一些生物样品进行了成像试验。本文介绍了合肥同步辐射光源上软Ｘ射线显微术实验线站的建设及完成的一些实验结果。     

Instrument function of a broadband acoustic thermometric detector

The instrument function of a broadband (1.6–2.5 MHz) detector that is used in acoustic thermometry has been calculated. Experimental tests have proved that measured and computed results are in agreement. The effect of the pass band characteristics and the detector’s dimension on the instrument function has been studied as well as the effect that the instrument function has on an acoustic thermometric signal that is measured by the detector. The ratio of the wavelength (for the mean reception frequency) to the detector’s radius has been shown to be the main parameter that determines the acoustic thermometric signal at distances that are typical of acoustic thermometry. For problems of localizing a heated domain, it is optimal to locate the receiver at a distance of 15–25 mm from the domain. For example, for a detector 8 mm in diameter, the width of the instrument function at a level of 0.5 of the maximum is 1.2 ± 0.1 mm in this zone.     

被动式遥感FTIR测量时的仪器响应函数校正

在应用红外发射光谱来获得某些红外源的绝对光谱能量数据,如辐射源光谱辐射通量密度、辐射源光谱辐射强度、辐射源光谱辐射亮度及光谱辐射照度等时,需要得知不同条件下的仪器响应函数。文章对被动式遥感FTIR测量时的仪器响应函数进行了校正,实验结果表明：在不同的实验条件下,仪器响应函数的变化规律是不同的,它不仅和校正时所采用的绝对黑体温度有关,而且和校正中仪器接收到的信号大小有直接关系。因此,在被动式测量时,要密切注意发射源温度以及发射源发射信号大小,以便获得最佳仪器响应函数校正结果。     

A high-resolution spatial heterodyning interference spectrometer

A novel spectrometer which has a resolution of 0.013 nm with high throughput is described. The system uses a Michelson interferometer in which the mirrors have been replaced with Littrow-mounted diffraction gratings. First-order diffracted beams returning from the gratings interfere at the interferometer output to produce a spatial interferogram which is heterodyned about an optical frequency determined by the setting angles of the gratings. The heterodyning process leads to increased resolution, but limits the free-spectral range of the instrument to, in our case, about 3 nm. This is sufficient for characterizing narrow-band sources such as laser diodes. We present the theory of operation of the instrument and some sample spectra obtained from a sodium vapor lamp, a HeNe discharge, and a 670 nm diode laser.     

旋转液体实验装置的设计

对如何利用旋转液体这一有趣现象进行物理实验作了探索，设计出一套用于进行旋转液体实验的仪器，并介绍了该仪器的设计思路及特点。     

椰胡声功率级的半消声室测试

椰胡是具有地方特色的拉弦乐器之一,多用于演奏广东音乐和广东戏曲、曲艺的伴奏。但对其发声强度一直未进行过科学的测试。本文介绍在华南理工大学半消声室内参照ISO(GB)标准对椰胡声功率级的测量工作。由两位资深乐师分别用两把椰胡在pp,mp,f和ff力度下演奏单音、音阶和乐曲,对每一把椰胡的每一测试内容,由十通道测试设备同步测试中心频率为100～10000 Hz的1/3倍频带声压级谱,通过计算获得每把椰胡在演奏每项内容时的声功率级和动态范围。通过对两把椰胡的测试结果进行平均,获得该乐器在演奏上述内容时的典型声功率级数值及频谱。文中并将半消声室内的测试结果与混响室内的测试结果相对比,探讨测试环境对测试结果的影响。民族乐器发声强度及其频谱特性的获得是开展民族音乐厅堂音质研究的基础。     

On the Sizing Accuracy of Laser Optical Particle Counters

The performance of a narrow-angle and a wide-angle, forward scattering laser aerosol spectrometer has been studied as a function of particle size and refractive index. The results have been compared with theoretical calculations based on light scattering theory. The results indicate that for the narrow-angle instrument, the scattered-light intensity is not a monotonic function of particle size for transparent particles (a monotonic relationship is required for unambiguous particle size measurement) above 0.7 μm. The instrument is therefore limited in its useful range to size distribution measurement between 0.2 μm – its lower particle size limit – and 0.7 μm for transparent particles. In the case of the wide-angle instrument, the instrument output is a monotonic function of particle size for transparent particles, but the output is severely attenuated for light absorbing particles above 0.3 μm. The instrument, therefore, cannot be used for accurate size measurements above 0.3 μm for light absorbing particles.     

近红外光谱模型传递研究

针对不同型号的近红外光谱仪器(主机：SupNIR-2700,从机：Nicolet Antaris Ⅱ)间的模型传递和同一仪器(Nicolet Antaris Ⅱ)不同分辨率的光谱间的模型传递进行研究,提出了一种改进的PDS算法-SP-SG1st-PDS算法,该方法结合三次样条插值、Savitaky-Golay一阶求导和PDS算法。思路是通过三次样条插值拟在不破坏原始光谱固有的信息的前提下实现了主光谱与从光谱之间的匹配,然后对光谱进行S-G一阶求导去除光谱的基线漂移,再通过PDS算法进行模型传递,有效消除主、从光谱之间的差异,提高多元校正模型的预测精度。该方法用于醋酸乙烯酯在乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中含量的研究,并且与小波去噪方法和S-G平滑方法作比较。实验表明：对于不同型号的仪器间的模型传递,新方法采用S-G一阶求导较其他方法有明显的优势,其验证集预测精密度RMSEP从20.595 0降低至0.374 8,明显优于S-G平滑(0.522 1)和小波去噪(0.516 7)方法,预测偏差也同样地被改善。对于同一仪器不同分辨率的光谱之间的模型传递,在模型传递前后其模型预测精密度RMSEP从0.272 2减少至0.255 3。通过提出的SP-SG1st-PDS算法,模型传递能应用于不同类型仪器之间,也能用于相同仪器不同分辨率的光谱之间,并且取得了满意的传递结果。     

迈克尔逊干涉仪干涉条纹不稳定原因及改进措施

现有迈克尔逊干涉仪产生的干涉条纹容易抖动,使实验结果产生较大误差,甚至影响实验正常进行。探寻干涉条纹抖动主要原因,改进仪器结构和增加减振装置,提高原有仪器的抗振动干扰性能,使干涉条纹稳定性提高。     

对光电效应实验仪器的改进

在传统光电效应实验仪的基础上，对其结构和光源进行了改进，使该仪器结构简单，操作使用方便，效果明显提高。     

小型线形可变滤光片分光的可见成像光谱仪及其特性研究

本文设计了一种使用线形可变干涉滤光片的小型成像光谱仪。使用CCD摄像头作图像传感器，通过微动平台带动线形可变干涉滤光片，横向扫描通过面阵CCD的每个像元，每扫描一步所得到的总体图像中不同列的像元是由不同波长的单色部分像元组成，随着扫描步进，这些单色部分像元的波长随之变化，最后采用图像重构的文教是到一系列单色图像（或见光波段400－700mm）。扫描间隔由所需的单色图像的光谱分辨率和各单色图像间的波长间隔来确定。经过试验证明，此成像光谱仪充分利用了线型干涉滤光片的性能，其光谱分辨率为16nm，同后者的光谱带宽相差无几，仪器的空间分辨率由成像系统和CCD来确定，论仪器装置具有结构简单，高空间分辨率，较主光谱分辨率，扫描速度快等特点，通过一个伪装识别试验，验证了仪器的性能指标。     

大介电常数地层中多分量感应测井响应研究

研究大介电常数对多分量感应测井的影响,并通过不同磁场分量的组合量来同时提取地层电阻率和介电常数以及地层纵向边界信息,实现地层参数的重构,直观识别烃源岩地层. 关键词： 多分量感应测井 大介电常数 组合量 直观解释     

Offspec, the ISIS spin-echo reflectometer

OffSpec has been purposely built as a low background, polarised neutron reflectometer with spin-echo for Larmor labeling. The instrument received first neutrons in December 2008 and five of the intended seven modes of operation have now been tested and operated with peer reviewed user experiments. The technical performance of the instrument will be reviewed in each of the modes and future scientific possibilities discussed. Particular attention will be paid to results from spin-echo SANS (SESANS) and spin-echo resolved grazing incidence scattering (SERGIS), where the largest number of measurements have been performed.