手性双噁唑啉配体在不对称合成中的应用

双噁唑啉手性配体已广泛用于不对称Henry反应、环丙烷化反应、Aldol反应、烷基化反应、环加成反应中,并表现出很高的对映选择性和催化活性,成为最有用的手性配体之一。文章综述了近10年来双噁唑啉手性配体及高分子受载手性双噁唑啉在不对称合成中的研究进展。     

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of Ketones with 2-Aza-1,4-Dienes

Catalytic asymmetric allylation of ketones under proton-transfer conditions is a challenging issue due to the limited pronucleophiles and the electrophilic inertness of ketones. Herein, a copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of ketones with 2-aza-1,4-dienes (N-allyl-1,1-diphenylmethanimines) is disclosed, which affords a series of functionalized homoallyl tertiary alcohols in high to excellent enantioselectivity. Interestingly, N-allyl-1,1-diphenylmethanimines work as synthetic equivalents of propanals. Upon the acidic workup, a formal asymmetric β-addition of propanals to ketones is achieved. An investigation on KIE effect indicates that the deprotonation of N-allyl-1,1-diphenylmethanimines is the rate-determining step, which generates nucleophilic allyl copper(I) species. Finally, the synthetic utility of the present method is demonstrated by the asymmetric synthesis of (R)-boivinianin A and (R)-gossonorol.     

负载型双噁唑啉催化剂上的不对称Diels-Alder反应

 分别以乙烷桥键磺酸官能化的有机-无机杂化介孔材料、十二钨磷酸铯、活化硅胶以及SBA-15为载体,通过非共价键作用制备了负载型双噁唑啉催化剂,并将该催化剂用于催化3-((E)-2-丁烯酰基)-1,3-噁唑啉-2-酮和环戊二烯的不对称Diels-Alder反应. 研究表明,催化剂的性能取决于载体本身以及载体表面阴离子的性质. 以SBA-15为载体时产物的对映体选择性较低,可归因于载体表面较低的羟基浓度.     

C＝N双键的不对称烯丙基化反应

详细地综述了有关C＝N双键立体选择性烯丙基化反应的研究进展. 重点讲述了使用手性辅助基团、手性试剂以及不对称催化剂进行C＝N双键不对称烯丙基化的方法.     

醛的不对称烯丙基化反应研究进展

醛的不对称烯丙基化反应是合成手性烯丙基醇的一类重要方法, 从手性辅基控制反应和化学催化不对称反应两个方面对近20多年来的相关报道进行综述.     

苯甲醛不对称烯丙基化反应研究

对D-(－)-酒石酸异丙酯修饰的烯丙基硼试剂与苯甲醛的不对称烯丙基化反应机理进行了研究. 反应中间体和过渡态进行B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)全优化, 发现主要经六元环椅式过渡态生成手性烯丙基羟基化合物. 由相对反应速率理论,预测的主产物构型与实验的R-手性醇相吻合.     

Complexation and Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation with Participation of Chiral Ferrocenyliminophosphites

Chiral ferrocene-containing iminoarylphosphite ligands based on 4,4-dimethoxy-6,6-di-tert-butyl-biphenyldiol-2,2 and their chelate complexes with Rh(I) and Pd(II) were synthesized for the first time. They were shown to be perspective reagents in the reactions of asymmetric allyl substitution. The Pd-catalyzed alkylation of 1,3-diphenylallylacetate with dimethyl malonate results in a 87% enantiomer excess (ee), while in sulfonylation of 1,3-diphenylallylacetate with sodium para-toluenesulfinite, this figure amounts to 67%. The results obtained were compared with coordination and catalytic efficiency of a less sterically hindered ferro-cenyliminophosphite based on pyrocatechol. The compositions and structures of new compounds were determined by the ¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P NMR, IR, mass spectrometry (EI, FAB, and electrospray techniques), and elemental analysis.     

非对称双(均三唑席夫碱)衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

为寻找新结构的水溶性抗癌先导化合物, 采用氨基均三唑硫代苯丙酮(1)与氨基均三唑硫醇(2a～2e)缩合得双均三唑单席夫碱化物3a～3e, 接着依次与氨基氯乙烷和水杨醛进行亲核取代和缩合反应, 分别得到含碱性侧链的单席夫碱4a～4e和非对称双席夫碱5a～5e. 所合成新化合物的结构经元素分析和光谱数据表征, 用甲基四噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)对新化合物进行了对于CHO, HL60和L1210 3种癌细胞株的体外活性试验. 在合成的15个新化合物中, 双席夫碱结构的抗癌活性最强, 其IC₅₀值在20.0 μmol•L^－1以下, 尤其是均三唑环连有双供电子取代基时(如化合物5c), 表现出潜在的活性, 其抗癌活性与上市药物比生群相当, 具有侯选药物研究的价值.     

Kinetics of Radiation-Initiated Network Polymerization of Diethylene Glycol Bis(methacryloyloxyethyl carbonate) (OKM-2)

Non-steady-state kinetic measurements on the radiation-initiated polymerization of diethylene glycol bis(methacryloyloxyethyl carbonate) (OKM-2) were made over a wide range of conversions at various reaction temperatures. The polymer-chain propagation and termination rate constants were determined and compared with those for other monomers and oligomers.__________Translated from Khimiya Vysokikh Energii, Vol. 39, No. 5, 2005, pp. 339–342.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kiryukhin.     

手性双(口恶)唑啉配体-金属配合物在催化不对称环丙烷化反应中的应用研究进展

将用于催化不对称环丙烷化反应中的手性双(口恶)唑啉配体按相应羧酸母体骨架分为丙二酸类,酒石酸类,吡啶二羧酸类,联苯、联萘及双核二茂铁类,将聚合物支载的双(口恶)唑啉配体单独进行了讨论.对各类配体的最新研究进展及其金属配合物在不对称环丙烷化反应中的应用作了总结.     

负载化的手性双(口,恶)唑啉配体在不对称催化中应用

负载化的手性双唑啉配体广泛应用于不对称催化领域,具有小分子配体所不具备的可回收再利用的特点。本文主要介绍了不同类型的负载化手性双唑啉配体以及它们在不对称催化领域中的应用。     

Fluorescence Spectra of the Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) Obtained with Asymmetric Polymerization

Introduction.Poly(N-vinylcarbazole)(PVCZ)hasreceivedmuchattentionasarepresentativephotoconductivepolymerandextensivestudiesonmechanical,physical,chemicalandelectricalpropertieshavebeenreported"'.Ingeneral,thePVCZobtainedbyradicalandordinarycanonpolym...     

Novel Chiral Bisformamide-Promoted Asymmetric Allylation of Benzaldehyde with Allyltrichlorosilane

Novel chiral bisformamides have been prepared from (R,R)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine and utilized as Lewis bases in the asymmetric allylation of benzaldehyde with allyltrichlorosilane. The reaction in the presence of Lewis base 1i gave an 83:17 enantiomeric ratio (R/S) of the products in 90% isolated yield.      

Controlled Radical Polymerization Mediated by Amine–Bis(phenolate) Iron(III) Complexes

Tetradentate amine–bis(phenolate) iron(III) halide complexes containing chloro substituents on the aromatic ring are extremely efficient catalysts for controlled radical polymerization. Molecular weights are in good agreement with theoretical values and polydispersity indexes (PDIs) are as low as 1.11 for styrene and methyl methacrylate polymerizations. Complexes containing alkyl substituents on the aromatic ring are less efficient. Kinetic data reveal activity for styrene polymerization among the fastest reported to date and initial studies implicate a multimechanism system. Despite the highly colored polymerization media, simple work‐up procedures yield pure white polymers.     

衍生于手性双二茂铁乙胺的单齿亚磷酰胺配体在不对称催化氢化中的应用

研究了衍生于手性双二茂铁乙胺的手性单齿亚磷酰胺配体的铑络合物催化剂在烯酰胺、β-脱氢氨基酸酯、衣康酸酯以及α-脱氢氨基酸酯的不对称氢化中的应用,结果显示该催化剂具有较好的催化性能,对烯酰胺类底物最高获得了96%的ee值,对β-脱氢氨基酸酯类底物最高获得了86%的ee值,对衣康酸酯最高获得了75%的ee值,对α-脱氢氨基酸酯类底物最高获得了95%的ee值.     

New Bis(arylimino)pyridyl Complexes as Components of Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization

A new series of 2,6-bis(arylimino)pyridineiron(II) complexes with cycloaliphatic (cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, and cyclododecyl) substituents in the ortho position of the aryl ring are synthesized and studied as components for ethylene polymerization catalysts. Methylaluminoxane is used as an activator for the complexes. The resulting catalytic systems are more active in polymerization at elevated temperatures (60–80°C) than previously described systems based on substituted 2,6-bis(arylimino)pyridines. The influence of the number of CH₂ groups in a cycloaliphatic substituent on the efficiency of the catalytic system is studied. Polymers formed are characterized by an increased molecular weight, high density, and high crystallinity.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of Trisubstituted Vicinal Diols through Copper(I)-Catalyzed Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Allylation of Ketones with Siloxypropadienes

Chiral trisubstituted vicinal diols are a type of important organic compounds, serving as both common structure units in bioactive natural products and chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric synthesis. Herein, by using siloxypropadienes as the precursors of allyl copper(I) species, a copper(I)-catalyzed diastereoselective and enantioselective reductive allylation of ketones was achieved, providing both syn-diols and anti-diols in good to excellent enantioselectivity. DFT calculations show that cis-γ-siloxy-allyl copper species are generated favorably with either 1-TBSO-propadiene or 1-TIPSO-propadiene. Moreover, the steric difference of TBS group and TIPS group distinguishes the face selectivity of acetophenone, leading to syn-selectivity for 1-TBSO-propadiene and anti-selectivity for 1-TIPSO-propadiene. Easy transformations of the products were performed, demonstrating the synthetic utility of the present method. Moreover, one chiral diol prepared in the above transformations was used as a suitable organocatalyst for the catalytic asymmetric reductive self-coupling of aldimines generated in situ with B₂(neo)₂.