神光Ⅱ间接驱动内爆实验ArX射线谱线模拟研究

ICF内爆物理研究中,示踪元素X射线谱诊断方法是推测内爆压缩温度、 密度以及燃料混合状态的有效方法.针对其中的非平衡物理过程, 研制了非局域热动平衡(non-LTE)下一维谱线输运程序Alpha.程序以辐射流体计算给出的温度、 密度等量为输入条件,求解细致组态(DCA)模型下的原子动力学方程和辐射输运方程, 自洽给出谱线不透明度,和成像面上的X射线谱分布.
利用该程序,模拟了神光Ⅱ装置上的掺Ar靶丸内爆示踪元素X射线谱诊断实验, 研究结果表明,谱线的自吸收效应影响发射的X射线谱的强度和形状, 谱线的宽度对自吸收效应的强弱也有影响.因此,在对X射线谱的数值模拟中应该考虑自吸收效应. 另外,与LTE近似下的发射谱的比较表明, LTE近似下,等离子体电离度大～1, 发射谱的形状与non-LTE的结果不同,且LTE近似下,谱线的强度比non-LTE的谱线强度大5-10倍, 采用LTE近似是不合适的.     

激光等离子体谱线线型研究与谱线强度测量

在对激光等离子体中不同区域发射的Ｘ光光谱谱线的加宽机制（如Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ展宽、Ｓｔａｒｋ展宽等）及谱线线型研究的基础上，构造了不同的线型拟合函数。通过和实验谱线的数据拟合，可以精确测量等离子体发射的Ｘ射线光谱强度。和截断法相比，该方法的优点是可以方便地根据谱线的不同展宽机制将相应的线谱和背景连续谱以及邻近的线谱分开，从而达到精确测量线光谱强度的目的。该方法不但能够应用于激光等离子体发射的光谱，也可用于其它波段的线谱强度的精确测量。     

螺旋波等离子体化学气相沉积纳米硅薄膜的光学发射谱研究

利用光学发射谱技术对螺旋波等离子体化学气相沉积纳米硅薄膜的等离子体内活性粒子的光发射特征进行了原位测量.研究了薄膜沉积过程中各实验参量对活性基团SiH^*， H^β以及H^α的发射谱强度的影响.实验结果表明，静态磁场的加入可显著提高反应气体 的解离效率 ；适当的氢稀释可以提高氢活性粒子的浓度，而过高的氢稀释比将使含硅活性基团浓度显著 减小；提高射频馈入功率整体上可以使各活性粒子的浓度增加，并有利于提高到达衬底表面 氢活性粒子的相对比例.结合螺旋波等离子体色散关系和等离子体特点对以上结果进行了分 析.该结果为螺旋波等离子体沉积纳米硅薄膜过程的理解及制备工艺参数的调整提供了基础 数据. 关键词： 光学发射谱 螺旋波等离子体化学气相沉积 纳米硅薄膜     

太阳过渡区紫外光谱的观测与诊断

太阳过渡区是太阳色球层顶到日冕底部的大气薄层。厚度仅几百千米,但其间太阳等离子体参数变化剧烈。过渡区的辐射多为光学薄的远紫外、极紫外发射谱线和背景连续谱线。由于地球大气的吸收,过渡区紫外光谱需通过天基观测才能实现。近几十年来,星载仪器的成功发射为太阳过渡区的研究打开了新纪元。工作回顾了太阳过渡区紫外光谱的观测历史和各类星载仪器,特别介绍了近十几年几种重要的光谱仪器。详细阐述了过渡区紫外光谱的发生率、电子密度和电子温度的诊断原理。讨论了过渡区紫外谱线的形状,并以SOHO/SUMER光谱仪为例介绍了表征谱线的几种重要参量及其物理意义。     

等离子体中辐射的附加谱宽和谱形

等离子体为耗散介质，其中离子（或原子）辐射谱线将获得一个附加“宽度”２ｋ（ｗ），其中２ｋ（ｗ）代表等离子体中频率为ω的光子的衰率，这样就有可能对实验测得的等离子体中氢原子Ｌｙｍａｎ－α线的谱宽与传统理论的偏差提供一种解释，另外由于２ｋ（ｗ）是ω的函数，等离体中谱线形状将与洛仑兹谱形有差异。本文给出了不同浓度和不同温度下等离子体中ＣⅣ离子的辐射谱形，在一定的浓度和温度区间，辐射谱形的顶端甚至可能出现     

Xe^10＋离子EUV发射谱的理论研究

利用组态相互作用方法和扭曲波近似方法系统地计算了Xe^10＋离子的能级、振子强度、辐射跃迁速率以及电子碰撞强度，用得到的原子参数模拟了冕平衡条件下Xe^10＋离子EUV（Extreme Ultra-violet）波段（5-20nm）的发射谱，发射谱的波长位置和相对强度与实验结果符合得较好．研究表明：在较宽的等离子体条件范围内，发射谱的相对强度对温度和密度不敏感.     

VO分子2^Δ3/2-1^2Δ3/2电子跃迁P线系发射谱线的研究

本文利用孙卫国课题组建立的能精确计算（预言）某双原子分子电子态P线系发射谱线的物理新公式, 首次研究了VO分子从电子态^2Δ3/2跃迁到电子态1^2Δ3/2的（0, 0）跃迁带中的P线系发射谱线. 获得的研究结果不仅重复了实验上已知的低转动态谱线数据,而且还正确预言了该跃迁带在 实验上难以精确测量的转动量子数J=80.5以内的高振转激发态的P线系发射光谱. 为研究VO分子内部结构提供了重要的物理信息.     

对天体等离子体中铝发射谱的理论研究

超强超短脉冲激光产生的高温、高密、强磁场等离子体与天体等离子体在许多方面都有很强的相似性,这使得某些天体物理过程的实验室模拟成为可能.对天体等离子体中的铝发射谱进行了理论模拟,结果显示,利用激光等离子体的发射光谱,可以在实验室获得天体上难于观测的光谱范围并为天体物理学研究提供丰富的信息. 关键词： 实验室天体物理 激光等离子体 发射谱     

GeⅩⅩ～GeⅩⅩⅥ谱线的测量和辨认

测量了线聚焦激光加热锗等离子体发射的ＸＵＶ光谱，对ＧｅＸＸ～ＧｅＸＸⅥ谱线进行了辨认和分类。给出了谱线波长和相对强度；计算了辐射跃迁几率和吸收振子强度；并与其它实验室有关结果进行了比较。     

激光等离子体非平衡X射线发射谱理论研究

在平均离子模型的基础上,发展了一个计算离子组态概率分布的有效方法,称为统计方法.根据激光靶耦合程序模拟给出腔靶等离子体状态条件,研究1.06μm激光金等离子体的非平衡离子组态分布和X射线发射谱特性.得到与实验谱相同的能带范围,并得出在激光等离子体中多电子同时处于激发态的离子组态对X射线发射的贡献不能忽略的结论. 关键词：     

Effects of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions on numerical simulations of inertial confinement fusion plasmas

Effects of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) condition on emission and hydrodynamics of typical inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasmas are studied. The average degree of ionization at high temperatures is seen to be much lower compared to the values obtained from Thomas-Fermi scaling or Saha equation for high-Z element like gold. LTE and non-LTE predictions for emitted radiation from laser-driven gold foil are compared with the experimental results and it is seen that non-LTE simulations show a marked improvement over LTE results. The effects of one group and multigroup, LTE and non-LTE approximations of radiation transport on hydrodynamic parameters are studied for laser-driven aluminium and gold foils. It is further seen that non-LTE and multigroup effects play an important role in predicting conversion efficiency of laser light to X-rays.     

A generalized quasi-sum relations for oscillator strengths in transition arrays: theoretical study of the opacity of Ge plasmas

We present a simplified relativistic configuration interaction method (SRCI), by which all the energy levels and oscillator strengths in each transition array can be calculated. There exist generalized quasi-sum relations for the calculated oscillator strengths in the relevant transition arrays by the SRCI and by an unresolved transition array model (UTA). Based on UTA and the detailed configuration accounting (DCA), with a fully relativistic treatment incorporated with the quantum defect theory, the X-ray absorption spectra for any middle- and high-Z plasmas or composite plasmas can be calculated with much less computational efforts. The gross features of calculated spectra by DCA-UTA are in agreement with the relevant experimental measurements, except some detailed structures in some narrow spectral ranges. Such detailed structures can be calculated by SRCI incorporated with DCA-UTA. As an illustrative example, the absorption spectra of Ge plasmas are calculated by DCA-UTA-SRCI and are in agreement with the experimental opacity data. Therefore, the theoretical method (DCA-UTA-SRCI) verified by experimental measurements will not only be a basic tool to provide “precision” opacity data for the inertial confinement fusion research (ICF) and studies in stellar physics but also can be used to analyze the relevant diagnostic measurements for ICF plasmas.     

辐射加热铝Ka吸收谱测量

 铝K_a吸收谱是诊断辐射加热等离子体温度的重要方法之一。在星光Ⅱ激光装置上，利用激光金膜相互作用产生的X光辐射加热其背侧的铝夹层样品，采用天津Ⅲ号胶片记录的PET晶体谱仪测量了不同激光和样品参数条件下的铝Ka吸收谱。实验观察到非常清晰的类氦到类氟铝离子Ka吸收谱线，采用细致组态模型开展了铝Ka吸收谱的模拟计算，模拟计算结果与实验结果符合得较好，研究结果可应用于辐射不透明度样品温度诊断。     

激光等离子体软X射线辐射能谱时间分辨测量研究

利用(国内最近研制成功的)带聚酰亚胺膜底衬的金透射光栅与软X射线条纹相机相配合,(在LF11~#激光装置上)使用波长为0.53μm的激光打靶,测量了平面Au靶软X射线时间分辨能谱。测量结果观察到了金等离子体的O带辐射强度随时间增加的现象。文章计算了光栅的衍射效率,并讨论了影响测量谱的几个关键因素。     

聚乙烯基咔唑与Alq3混合薄膜的发光性能与能量传递过程

研究了Alq3与聚乙烯基咔唑(PVK)按不同比例的混合体系制备的薄膜的发光特性.通过对混合薄膜的吸收光谱、激发光谱和发射光谱的分析，研究了PVK与Alq3之间的 能量传递规律.当Alq3与PVK的质量比为1∶7时，能量传递效率最高.用一个由单链模 型扩展到包括杂质的哈密顿量对实验进行模拟，发现该模型能够较好地解释有关的实验结果. 关键词： 吸收光谱 激发光谱 发射光谱 能量传递     

Time-resolved K-shell x-ray spectra of nanosecond laser-produced titanium tracer in gold plasmas

A study of a nanosecond laser irradiation on the titanium-layer-buried gold planar target is presented. The time-resolved x-ray emission spectra of titanium tracer are measured by a streaked crystal spectrometer. By comparing the simulated spectra obtained by using the FLYCHK code with the measured titanium spectra, the temporal plasma states, i.e., the electron temperatures and densities, are deduced. To evaluate the feasibility of using the method for the characterization of Au plasma states, the deduced plasma states from the measured titanium spectra are compared with the Multi-1D hydrodynamic simulations of laser-produced Au plasmas. By comparing the measured and simulated results, an overall agreement for the electron temperatures is found, whereas there are deviations in the electron densities. The experiment-theory discrepancy may suggest that the plasma state could not be well reproduced by the Multi-1D hydrodynamic simulation, in which the radial gradient is not taken into account. Further investigations on the spectral characterization and hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma states are needed. All the measured and FLYCHK simulated spectra are given in this paper as datasets. The datasets are openly available at http://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00032.     

High-temperature emission spectroscopy of methane

A high-enthalpy source (HES) has been developed in Rennes either to heat gases up to 2000 K in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) or to generate hypersonic expansions. The HES prototype has been associated with a high-resolution Bruker IFS 120 HR Fourier transform spectrometer to record emission spectra of hot gases, in LTE conditions. A series of emission spectra of methane has been obtained at 1005, 1365, 1485, 1625 and 1820 K in the pentad spectral region located around 3000 cm⁻¹, at Doppler-limited resolution (0.02 cm⁻¹). Spectra have been corrected for the transmission function that strongly affects the infrared radiation emitted by the hot gas. Line-integrated absorption cross sections have been extracted from the corrected spectra using an improved procedure for the calculation of the total partition function Q of methane at high temperature. This calculation included anharmonicity and rovibrational interaction effects, and was based on a multi-resolution fully converged direct partition sum. It has been shown that, as the temperature increases above 1000 K, the commonly used harmonic and rigid rotor double approximation to estimate Q leads to underestimated values.     

PLE spectra analysis of the sub-structure in the absorption spectra of CdSeS quantum dots

The semiconductor CdSeS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in glass are analysed by means of absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra. The peaks of absorption spectra shift to lower energies with the size of QD increasing, which obviously shows a quantum-size effect. Using the PLE spectra, the physical origin of the lowest absorption peak is analysed. In PLE spectra, the lowest absorption peak can be deconvoluted into two peaks that stem from the transitions of 1S_3/2--1S_e and 2S_3/2--1S_e respectively. The measured energy difference between the two peaks is found to decrease with the size of QD increasing, which agrees well with the theoretical calculation for the two transitions. The luminescence peak of defect states is also analysed by PLE spectra. Two transitions are present in the PLE, which indicates that the transitions of 1S_3/2--1S_e and 2S_3/2--1S_e are responsible for the defect states luminescence.     

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设计建立了同轴圆柱介质阻挡放电线状射流装置,并利用其实现了宽度为50mm的大尺度线状射流,并对射流长度随放电参数的变化进行了研究.研究发现,随气压、流量的增加,射流长度呈先增加后达到饱和;随激励电压的增加,射流长度增加.对氮气射流等离子体进行发射光谱诊断,表明氮气等离子体中主要是氮分子和少量氮原子,并利用光谱拟合得出射流的温度范围为290～350K.