酸根离子及其水溶液对镎酰离子结构性质的影响

利用B3LYP杂化密度泛函方法,在相对论有效芯势模型下,优化得到了NpO22+离子及其配合物在气相和水溶液中的几何结构和电子结构, 研究了NO3-、SO42-和CO32-离子及其水溶液对NpO22+离子的结构和性质的影响.结果表明,NpO22+离子结合各种酸根离子后其Np=O键的键长都有明显增长、Np和O原子的价电子轨道能均有升高,而考虑溶剂化效应后酸根离子的影响将减小.电荷分析发现,结合酸根离子后,NpO22+中Np和O原子间形成的共价键的强度减弱、键长增长.对NpO22+离子与三种酸根离子的理论结合能的比较显示,NpO2CO3分子最为稳定.     

镎氧化物分子结构和光谱的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,优化了NpO,NpO_2,NpO_3和Np_2O_3分子的几何构型,分析了电子从Np到O的转移情况。结果表明:NpO,NpO_2,NpO_3和Np_2O_3的自旋多重度分别为6,2,2和9,对称性分别为C_(∞v),D_(∞h),C_(2v)和D_(3h)时相应分子处于稳定结构;对所有分子而言,分子能级在-50 eV左右的态主要由Np-6s轨道形成,在-20 eV附近的态主要由Np-6p和O-2s轨道混合组成,而大于-11 eV的态主要由Np-5f和O-2p轨道混合组成。同时,根据相关计算给出了分子基态结构的振动频率和光谱数据,并对红外光谱最大峰值的振动模式进行了指认。     

相对论赝势的从头计算法研究铀酰离子电子结构

用相对论赝势的从头算法研究了铀酰离子的几何构和电子结构,得到了与实验数据较一致的键长、键角和ＩＲ振动频率。铀氧间以Ｕ５ｆ与Ｏ２ｐ相互为主,Ｕ６ｄ、Ｏ２ｐ间的键合较小;同时,Ｕ６ｐ、Ｕ７ｓ、Ｕ６ｄ、、Ｕｓｄ杂化轨道与Ｏ２ｓ间也有强的相互作用。不同自旋多重度时对铀酰离了聪以有量计算结果表明,ＵＯ２＾２＋的基态为＾１Σｇ＾＋的基态为＾１Σｇ＾＋的可能性更大。     

原子核的有限体积效应对高离化态离子能级和波函数的影响

在相对论理论框架下,分别在点电荷和两参数Fermi核模型近似下计算了高离化态类氢离子（Z=80—112）n=1—3壳层的波函数和能级. 分析了核有限体积效应对它们的影响. 在此基础上,给出了核有限体积效应对原子能级的修正公式. 同时,还进一步讨论了相对论效应和核有限体积效应之间的相互影响,发现对高Z元素相对论效应与核有限体积效应之间有很强的耦合. 关键词： 原子核有限体积效应 高离化态离子 相对论效应     

NpFn分子结构与电子结构的理论研究

运用杂化密度泛函(B3LYP)方法,对NpFn(n=3~6)的分子结构特性进行了系统地研究.优化得到了各分子的平衡几何构型,计算了分子的振动频率,并进行了态密度和自然键价轨道(NBO)分析.讨论了不同芯电子相对论有效原子芯势(RECP)对计算结果的影响,分析了NpFn分子的成键,发现随着与Np结合的F原子数目增加,Np原子的5f与F原子的2p轨道能逐渐接近,成键依次增强,键长呈现出收缩的趋势.目前的计算结果与可行的理论和实验符合较好.     

介质效应对中子星性质的影响

用Bonn势和包含介质修正的相对论平均场模型讨论了介质效应对中子星性质的影响,结果表明BR标度参数的增加导致中子星质量及半径的增加.     

发光高分子聚合物中的无序结构及其对电子性质的影响

发光高分子聚合物的电子结构和发光机制的理论研究，是引起人们广泛重视的基础理论研究的新领域，文章简要介绍了这方面的研究概况、阐述了这种材料中的无序因素所引起的电子态的变化及其对电致发光性质的影响。     

原子—非质子混合溶剂中离子的迁移热力学性质

本文考察了ＨＣｌ从Ｈ２Ｏ到ＤＭＳＯ（２０ｗｔ％）－ＥｔＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ中的迁移热力性质，分析讨论了离子的溶剂化作用、溶质－溶剂相互及溶液的微观结构，并应用修正的Ｂｏｒｎ方程对实验结果进行了解释。本文的工作为ＤＭＳＯ在临床试验及工业生产中的广泛应用提供了重要的参考数据和信息。     

第一性原理对 阴离子团族结构及稳定性的研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法, V的内层10个电子用相对论有效实势(RECP)近似, 氧原子用全电子基组6-311＋＋g(d,p), V的价电子用lanl2dz基组, 对气态 分子的几何构型, 振动频率, 垂直电子亲和势、垂直电离能和能级分布进行了理论研究. 该系列分子的基态电子态为: VO1-(3Σ), ( ), ( ), (1A1), (3A). 分子基态的几何构型为平面分子, 没有John-Teller效应或Jenner-Teller效应. 而VO41-、VO51- 分子的基态都是立体结构, 存在明显的John-Teller和Renner-Teller效应, 对称性降低, 稳定性增加. 对基态结构的垂直电离能, 电子性质和能级分布研究表明: 比 稳定, 氧原子数从3增加到5, 稳定性没有明显变化.     

第一性原理对 阴离子团族结构及稳定性的研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法, V的内层10个电子用相对论有效实势(RECP)近似, 氧原子用全电子基组6-311＋＋g(d,p), V的价电子用lanl2dz基组, 对气态 分子的几何构型, 振动频率, 垂直电子亲和势、垂直电离能和能级分布进行了理论研究. 该系列分子的基态电子态为: VO1-(3Σ), ( ), ( ), (1A1), (3A). 分子基态的几何构型为平面分子, 没有John-Teller效应或Jenner-Teller效应. 而VO41-、VO51- 分子的基态都是立体结构, 存在明显的John-Teller和Renner-Teller效应, 对称性降低, 稳定性增加. 对基态结构的垂直电离能, 电子性质和能级分布研究表明: 比 稳定, 氧原子数从3增加到5, 稳定性没有明显变化.     

The influence of structural damage on the electronic properties of amorphous germanium

Amorphous films of Ge have been bombarded at 22°K with heavy ions, and the resultant large changes in conductivity and optical absorption have been related to structural changes. The results indicate that the factors which determine some of the characteristic properties of amorphous germanium are closely related to structural defects.     

The influence of ion irradiation on the structure and properties of amorphous carbon films

Presented in this work are the results of investigation of the structure and electrophysical properties of amorphous carbon films. The films were produced by sputtering of graphite by ion beam and usin ion irradiation (E=0–200 eV) during condensation process. The structure of i-C films has been studied by means of transmission electron microscope. The electron diffraction data have been interpretated by employing the calculated interference function of carbon clusters. The structure of V-band was obtained from AES by deconvolution method. Experimental data shows that under ion irradiation the transformation of short range order and electron bonds is an oscillating function of ion energy E. This paper presents a theoretical calculation of tunneling neutralization cross-section of Ar⁺ ions on carbon surface. The process also has an oscillating dependence on ion energy. A significant importance of inelastic processes in carbon phase transformation has been revealed.     

The influence of ball-milling on structural and magnetic properties of Co-based powders

The melt-spun Co- and Fe-based amorphous alloys have been investigated extensively for applications in magnetic devices, which require magnetically soft materials. Although these alloys exhibit excellent soft magnetic properties, their thin sheet shape, which is a consequence of the low glass forming ability, limits significantly their engineering applications. A powder metallurgy is thus an alternative way of producing bulk and, at the same time, soft magnetic materials, having desired shape. In our case, Co₅₆Fe₁₆Zr₈B₂₀ and Co_70.3Fe_4.7Si₁₀B₁₅ amorphous ribbons have been ball-milled for a short time and subsequently compacted (by hot pressing) into disc-shaped specimens with the aim to achieve samll values of resulting coercivity. This work is focused only on the first preparation step i.e. on structural and magnetic properties of ball-milled powders obtained by ball-milling of Co-based melt-spun ribbons at different conditions. Two different ways of milling were employed in order to obtain a powder form of the material: the ribbons were either continuously ball-milled for up to 12 hours or, after each half an hour of ball-milling, the vials were cooled in liquid nitrogen bath for half an hour. Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were employed to compare and to present the differences between these two different ways of milling.     

First principles study on the structural and optical properties of the high-pressure ZnO phases

A new high-pressure tetragonal phase (B10) of ZnO is investigated with an ab initio calculation based on density functional theory and is compared with the cubic B1 (rocksalt structure) and B2 (CsCl structure) phases at high pressure. It is found that the B10 phase has a more covalent nature than the B2 phase. The B1, B2, and B10 phases are semiconductors and their band gap energies are determined to be 3.73, 3.15, and 3.27 eV, respectively. The B10 phase has a similar optical response to the B2 phase, but not the B1 phase. The similarity of dielectric function between B10 and B2 phases are the result of the similar profiles of electronic density of state.     

The influence of boron concentrations on structural properties in disorder silicon films

In this work we present a detailed structural of a series of B-doped hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and B-doped polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) films produced by step-by-step laser crystallization process from amorphous silicon. The influence of doping on the structural properties and structural changes during the sequential crystallization processes were monitored by Raman spectroscopy. Unlike μc-Si:H films, that consist of a two-phase mixture of amorphous and ordered Si, partially crystallized sample shows a stratified structure with polycrystalline silicon layer at the top of an amorphous layer. With increasing doping concentration the LO-TO phonon line in poly-Si shift to smaller wave numbers and broadens asymmetrically. The results are discussed in terms of resonant interaction between optical phonons and direct intraband transitions known as a Fano resonance. In μc-Si:H films, on the other hand, the Fano effect is not observed. The increase of doping in μc-Si:H films suppressed the crystalline volume fraction, which leads to an amorphization in the film structure. The structural variation in both μc-Si:H and poly-Si films leads to a change in hydrogen bonding configuration.     

The influence of thermal annealing on the structural and magnetic properties of gold nanoparticles

In the past few years ferromagnetic-like behavior has been reported in metal gold nanoparticles coated with diverse organic surfactants. In this work we report on the effect of thermal annealing on the ferromagnetic-like behavior of oleic acid and oleylamine coated gold nanoparticles of about 7 nm size. The magnetic moment of the “as prepared” sample is about 3×10⁻² emu/g and the coercive field is 200 Oe at 10 kOe and 5 K, after the annealing the behavior changes from ferromagnetic-like to paramagnetic and the magnetization at 10 kOe decreases at a factor of 10. These results are compared with those obtained for oleylamine coated gold nanoparticles, which are diamagnetic at room temperature.     

The influence of structural relaxation on the fluorescent properties of N-naphthyl-substituted pyridinium cations

N-naphthyl-substituted pyridinium cations fluoresce in liquids at 293 and 77 K and have an unusually large Stokes shift ((9−15)×10³ cm^-1). The Stokes shift is a result of the torsional relaxation of different aromatic groups. Characteristic fluorescence spectra demostrate dependence of the Stokes shift on the solvent viscosity.     

Synthesis protocol influence on aqueous magnetic fluid properties

Magnetic colloids containing superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles have been prepared by co-precipitation method. Three samples of citric acid coated magnetic colloids containing magnetic nanoparticles (ultra-fine particles of Fe₃O₄) have been obtained following three different preparation protocols. Physical tests have been performed on these samples of the magnetic colloids prepared by us (consisting mainly of Fe₃O₄ ultra-fine particles stabilized with citric acid (C₆H₈O₇) and immersed in water), in order to reveal their microstructural and rheological features. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetic measurements were the investigation methods used for the assessing of the magnetic nanoparticles size. The dimensional distribution of the ferrophase physical diameter was comparatively presented using the box-plot statistical method. Infrared absorption spectra have been recorded aiming to get some information on the magnetic fluid composition.