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综述了无毒海洋防污剂研究进展,从防污活性、机理、特点及应用等方面着手介绍了近年来开发的几种新型无毒天然产物防污剂和人工合成防污剂,并就其发展前景进行了展望;指出开发研制无毒海洋防污剂是海洋防污技术的发展方向之一. 相似文献
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海洋污损生物是海洋资源开发首先要面对的问题。防污涂料是防除海洋污损生物的关键材料。传统的防污涂料虽然发展成熟,但以油性溶剂为介质,存在挥发性有机物(VOC)排放过高、环境污染严重的问题。不释放VOC的水性涂料符合绿色无污染的环保要求,是防污材料领域研究的热点。本文对最重要的四种水性防污涂料(污损释放型水性低表面能防污涂料、自抛光型水性防污涂料、污损阻抗型水凝胶海洋防污涂料、强碱释放型水性硅酸盐防污涂料)从防污机理、制备方法和存在的问题等几个方面进行了综述,并对水性防污涂料的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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无锡自抛光防污涂料是目前世界范围内应用较广泛且用量较大的海洋防污涂料[1]。丙烯酸盐树脂作为无锡自抛光防污涂料的基料,其研究与应用是开发新型防污涂料的关键[2-3]。因此,丙烯酸盐树脂的研究成为防污涂料领域的热点,其品种和需求量逐渐增加。丙烯酸盐树脂所用的单体多数为丙烯酸类及丙烯酸酯类,这些有机物质易挥发,刺激性气味大,对人的眼睛、呼吸道和皮肤具有刺激性和腐蚀性。 相似文献
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建立新型防污剂N-辛基-2-羟基苯甲酰胺释放率测试方法。防污剂用丙酮溶解,通过紫外光谱法建立N-辛基-2-羟基苯甲酰胺的吸光度–浓度标准曲线。将含有防污剂的涂层置于水中,使其释放防污剂,定期获取溶液,利用冷冻干燥除水,然后用丙酮溶解释出的防污剂,进行紫外光谱测试。利用标准曲线法测定防污剂释放量,计算得到释放率。结果表明,在330 nm波长下,防污剂浓度与吸光度线性关系良好,相关系数r2=0.999 1。方法的检出限为5μg/m L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.4%(n=5),加标回收率为97%~105%,样品在4 h内稳定。该方法测试稳定性较好,定量准确,操作简便,为防污剂检测提供了可靠的评价方法。 相似文献
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The application of green analytical chemistry in search of bioactive compounds is of paramount importance, leading to the development of environmentally friendly methodologies for their isolation. This work provides an up-to-date overview of the analytical methodologies based on a green perspective for the discovery of bioactive compounds from marine sources, namely to their extraction and structural characterization. Both the characteristics of marine bioactive compounds and the sustainable evaluation of their bioactivity are also addressed. 相似文献
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Sai Ankit Etha Vishal Sankar Sivasankar Harnoor Singh Sachar Siddhartha Das 《Electrophoresis》2020,41(9):657-665
Development of anti-biofouling coating has attracted immense attention for reducing the massively detrimental effects of biofouling in systems ranging from ship hulls and surgical instruments to catheters, implants, and stents. In this paper, we propose a model to quantify the role of electrostatic and van der Waals (vdW) forces in dictating the efficacy of dielectric coating for preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling in salty systems. The model considers a generic charged lipid-bilayer encapsulated vesicle-like structure representing the bio-organism. Also, we consider the fouling caused by the nonspecific adhesion of the bio-organism on the substrate, without accounting for the explicit structures (e.g., pili, appendages) or conditions (e.g., surface adhesins secreted by the organisms) involved in the adhesion of specific microorganism. The model is tested by considering the properties of actual coating materials and biofouling causing microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae). Results show that while the electrostatic-vdW effect can be significant in anti-biofouling action for cases where the salt concentration is relatively low (e.g., saline solution for surgical instruments), it might not be effective for marine environment where the salt concentration is much higher. The findings, therefore, point to a hitherto unexplored driving mechanism of anti-biofouling action of the coating. Such an identification will also enable the appropriate choices of the coating materials (e.g., possible dielectric material with volume charge) and other system parameters (e.g., salinity of the solution for storing the surgical instruments) that will significantly improve the efficiency of the coatings in preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling. 相似文献
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Rongti Li 《Tetrahedron letters》2005,46(31):5117-5120
Coupling of alkynylbenzoyl systems with γ,δ-unsaturated Fischer carbene complexes leads to the formation of hydrophenanthrene derivatives. This reaction is not affected by aqueous systems, which offer a further advantage such that chromium hexacarbonyl sublimes during the reaction process. Chromium carbene-alkyne coupling processes can thus be performed in environmentally friendly solvents with substoichiometric net consumption of chromium hexacarbonyl. 相似文献
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水溶性铑膦配合物催化烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水/有机两相体系中水溶性铑膦配合物催化的烯烃氢甲酰化反应由于具有环境友好和催化剂容易分离等优点而受到广泛关注. 其中水溶性催化剂体系已经用于丙烯氢甲酰化反应制备丁醛的工业化生产. 然而, 长链烯烃在含有催化剂的水相中溶解性较差, 反应速率较慢. 综述了有关加速水/有机两相体系中长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应的方法和进展, 包括使用具有表面活性的膦配体, 以及在催化体系中添加环糊精和表面活性剂等促进剂. 另外, 还讨论了有关内烯烃氢甲酰化反应和提高直链醛选择性的方法. 相似文献
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Manuel Martínez-Ruiz Carlos Alberto Martínez-Gonzlez Dong-Hyun Kim Berenice Santiesteban-Romero Humberto Reyes-Pardo Karen Rocio Villaseor-Zepeda Edgar Ricardo Melndez-Snchez Diana Ramírez-Gamboa Ana Laura Díaz-Zamorano Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernndez Karina G. Coronado-Apodaca Ana María Gmez-Mndez Hafiz M. N. Iqbal Roberto Parra-Saldivar 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(11)
Microalgae are complex photosynthetic organisms found in marine and freshwater environments that produce valuable metabolites. Microalgae-derived metabolites have gained remarkable attention in different industrial biotechnological processes and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to their multiple properties, including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-cancer, phycoimmunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. These properties are recognized as promising components for state-of-the-art cosmetics and cosmeceutical formulations. Efforts are being made to develop natural, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly products that replace synthetic products. This review summarizes some potential cosmeceutical applications of microalgae-derived biomolecules, their mechanisms of action, and extraction methods. 相似文献
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Synthetic lubricating oils based on renewable sources, excluding petroleum, have a great importance among all of the lubricating
oil alternatives that are included in the research field about clean and environmentally friendly lubricating oil technologies.
One of the environmentally friendly lubricating oils is a vegetable oil-based product. In this study, the esterification product
of oleic acid with a fraction of molasses fusel oil as a lubricating oil candidate was determined according to the American
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard tests. The results indicate that the ester product can be used as an environmental
friendly lubricating oil or lubricating oil additive. 相似文献
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BiXian Peng JunLian Wang ZhengHong Peng ShengZe Zhou FengQi Wang YongLiang Ji ZhangJi Ye XiangFeng Zhou Tong Lin XiaoBin Zhang 《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2012,55(3):435-442
Ten capsaicin analogues were synthesized and their pungency degrees were determined through Scoville Organoleptic Test.The relationship between the structure and pungency degree of these capsaicin analogues was discussed.Then four of these capsaicin analogues with higher pungency degree were picked out and added to anti-biofouling paints as repellents to study their anti-biofouling performance by shallow sea buoyant raft hung-plate experimentation.The results showed that capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin exhibited equally good anti-biofouling performance while nordihydrocapsaicin and N-vanillylnonanamide had poor anti-biofouling performance.Experimental results also showed that the paints with only 0.1% capsaicin or dihydrocapsaicin as repellent without any other biocides had also exhibited good anti-biofouling performance,which provided a new idea for developing novel,more environment-friendly and Cu2O-free antifouling paints. 相似文献
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Instead of environmentally toxic chromium oxidant, singlet oxygen generated photcchemically was used as environmentally friendly and benign oxidizing agent to accomplish the transformation of pseudodiosgenin diacetate to diosone efficiently in a low toxic and less expensive solvent acetone. Accordingly 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate(16-DPA), an important intermediate for preparation of steroidal drugs, was prepared in good yield (75%) when photoreaction was run in acetone/acetic anhydride/pyridine system. The mild reaction condition as well as simple and environmentally friendly process made the method commercially viable and important for production of 16-DPA in industrial scale. 相似文献
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Rong‐tao Zhao Dong Pei Pei‐liang Yu Jan‐teng Wei Ning‐li Wang Duo‐Long Di Ye‐wei Liu 《Journal of separation science》2020,43(1):348-359
As a new environmentally friendly separation technology, deep eutectic solvent based aqueous two‐phase systems are extensively applied in various fields. Herein, we review recent advances in this field and highlight the possible directions of future developments. This article focuses on the effects of deep eutectic solvent and inorganic salts on the phase equilibrium, the microstructure of deep eutectic solvent based aqueous two‐phase systems, the applications of deep eutectic solvent based aqueous two‐phase systems in separation (proteins, biopolymers, saponins, and organic acids), and removal and recovery technologies for deep eutectic solvent from aqueous two‐phase systems. 相似文献
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Werner J. Blank 《Macromolecular Symposia》2002,187(1):261-270
Environmental, safety and health concerns are major driving forces for the development of new coating systems, which in turn require catalysts with a different performance profile. One critical area for the development of new catalysts is the replacement of organotin compounds in polyurethanes with environmentally friendly catalysts, such as bismuth, aluminum and zirconium chelates. For applications in epoxies new catalysts for the epoxy-carboxyl reaction are also being developed. To gain the needed improved performance multiple cure mechanisms are being employed in coatings requiring dual action catalysts. 相似文献