高碘酸盐氧化罗丹明B催化光度法测定钌

在０．７２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸和９０℃水浴条件下,钌催化高碘酸盐氧化罗丹明Ｂ（ＲＢ）,据此建立了高灵敏催化光度测定钌的方法。方法的检出限为８．０×１０＾－１２ｇ／ｍＬ,测定范围为０．２～１５ｎｇ／２５ｍＬ,对５、１０、１５ｎｇ／２５ｍＬＲｕ（Ⅲ）测定的相对标准偏差分别为８．６７％,５．９４％和１．８５％。本反应对Ｒｕ（Ⅲ）、ＲＢ、ＫＩＯ４和Ｈ３ＰＯ４均为一级反应,表观活化能为３６．０５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。１３     

以新指示反应高敏催化光度测定痕量钌

钌（Ｒｕ￣Ⅲ）对高碘酸钾氧化无色孔雀绿的显色体系有催化作用，借此催化光度测Ｒｕ￣Ⅲ，灵敏度高。在２０～３０℃下３０～６０ｍｉｎ内，以１ｃｍ吸收池内测得吸光度０．１为可准确测极限，则可测最低浓度为０．０８ｎｇ·ｍＬ￣（－１），若表示为间接摩尔吸光系数则 ＝２．０×１０￣８ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·Ｌ·ｃｍ￣（－１）。工作曲线线性范围为０．０４～０．３６ｎｇ／ｍＬ（室温约为２６℃）．其它贵金属如Ｏｓ￣Ⅷ、Ｒｈ￣Ⅲ、Ａｕ￣Ⅲ、Ａｇ￣Ⅰ、Ｐｄ￣Ⅱ、Ｐｔ￣Ⅳ等至少可允许分别存在２００ｎｇ／ｍＬ、１ｎｇ／ｍＬ、２００ｎｇ／ｍＬ、３０００ｎｇ／ｍＬ、２５ｎｇ／ｍＬ和５ｎｇ／ｍＬ。测定了含所有贵金属和某些其它常见金属人工混合液中的痕量Ｒｕ￣Ⅲ，不含Ｉｒ￣Ⅳ时回收率为９８．５％～１０１．０％，含２．３倍于Ｒｕ￣Ⅳ重量的ｌｒ￣Ⅳ时回收率为１０１．５％～１１２％。     

锡（Ⅳ）的某些噻嗪染料络合吸附波研究和分析应用

研究表明噻嗪染料中新亚甲蓝或甲苯胺蓝在硫酸－草酸介质中与Ｓｎ（Ⅳ）在－０．６０Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处出现一高灵敏的络合吸附电流，比无上述染料时电流增高约１６倍。检出限０．８ｎｇ／ｍＬ（相当６．７×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）Ｓｎ（Ⅳ）．ＮＭＢ和ＴＢ在酸性介质中被质子化，可用Ｒ＾＋表示，与Ｓｎ（ＧＮ     

联苯胺-H_2O_2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定植物病毒TMV和TRSV

提出了联苯胺－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）伏安酶联免疫分析体系测定植物病毒烟草花叶病毒（ＴＭＶ）和烟草环斑病毒（ＴＲＳＶ）的新方法。ＨＲＰ标记的羊抗兔酶标记抗体ＩｇＧ－ＨＲＰ可以催化Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化联苯胺的反应,其氧化产物在Ｂｒｉｔｏｎ－Ｒｏｂｉｎｓｏｎ（ＢＲ）缓冲溶液中在－０．６２Ｖ（ＳＣＥ）左右产生灵敏的线性扫描二阶导数伏安峰,可以测定ＩｇＧ－ＨＲＰ。根据ＩｇＧ－ＨＲＰ与植物病毒及其抗血清的免疫反应,可以间接测定植物病毒。本法测定ＴＭＶ的检出限为０．２５ｎｇ／ｍＬ,线性范围为０．２５～５０００ｎｇ／ｍＬ;测定ＴＲＳＶ的检出限为１．５ｎｇ／ｍＬ,线性范围为１．５～３０００ｎｇ／ｍＬ;测定ＴＭＶ烟草病叶澄清液的最高稀释比为１∶１００００。检测灵敏度高于酶联免疫吸附显色光度法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）     

丁基罗丹明B-铜钨杂多酸光度法测定微量铜

在聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）存在下，丁基罗丹明Ｂ（ＢＲＢ）与铜钨杂多酸形成离子缔合物。缔合物的形成条件为ｃＨ２ＳＯ４＝１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｃＷＯ２－４＝６．１×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｃＢＲＢ＝３．８×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和ＰＶＡ０．０８％。缔合物的最大吸收波长位于５７０ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数ε＝１．６６×１０６Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，铜量在每２５ｍＬ０～０．５μｇ范围内服从比耳定律，检测限为每ｍＬ０．６５ｎｇ（ｎ＝１２），对每ｍＬ１８ｎｇＣｕ测定的ＲＳＤ为０．８５％（ｎ＝１０）。缔合物至少稳定１５０ｈ，其摩尔比为Ｃｕ∶Ｗ∶ＢＲＢ＝１∶１２∶５，红外图谱表明铜钨杂多酸具有Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构。考察了４０多种共存离子的影响，大多数常见元素不干扰。本法已用于天然水、自来水、降水、人发、中药和蔬菜中铜的测定，结果满意。     

高碘酸盐氧化亚甲蓝动力学光度法测定痕量锇

以Ｏｓ（Ⅳ）催化高碘酸盐氧化亚甲蓝（ＭＢ）反应为基础提出了测定痕量锇的方法。在９０℃加热１４ｍｉｎ和６６０ｎｍ波长处采用固定时间法测定亚甲蓝吸收的降低,锇浓度在０～３．２μｇ／Ｌ范围呈线性关系,检了限为０．０２μｇ／Ｌ,对１．６μｇ／Ｌ Ｏｓ（Ⅳ）测定的ＲＳＤ为１．５６％（ｎ＝１１）,催化反应对Ｏｓ（Ⅳ）、ＭＢ、ＫＩＯ４和Ｈ２ＳＯ４均为一级反应,催化反应的表观活化能为８７．７２ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ,探讨了     

超痕量铱的催化荧光分析新方法研究

在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质及加热条件下，超痕量Ｉｒ强烈催化ＫＩＯ４氧化罗丹明Ｂ生成一种绿色荧光产物，藉自来水冷却中止反应，研究了催化荧光法测定超痕量铱的影响因素，建立了一个检出限和测定范围分别为０．００５ｎｇ／ｍＬ和０．０１－２ｎｇ／ｍＬ铱的催化荧光分析新方法，并探讨了催化反应的机理。     

用钼酸盐和罗丹明B光度法测定铂

本文研究了在聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）存在下用钼酸盐和罗丹明Ｂ（ＲＢ）光度法测定铂，铂（Ⅳ）与相酸铵和罗丹明Ｂ形成离子缔合物，它的最大吸收波长位于５７０ｎｍ处；摩尔吸光系数６值为６．８３×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１），铂量在０～３．５μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内服从比耳定律，缔合物至少稳定１月。报告了４１种共存离子的影响，除生成杂多酸元素和Ａｕ（Ⅲ）、Ｏｓ（Ⅷ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅲ）外，大多数元素不干扰。测定铂（Ⅳ）的适宜条件为［ＨＣｌＯ＿４］＝０．９３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，［ＲＢ］＝４．２×１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＰＶＡ０．８ｇ／Ｌ，本法已用于催化剂和某些铂矿中铂的测定，结果满意。缔合物的摩尔比为Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）：ＲＢ＝１：２，初步探讨了反应机理。     

钴(Ⅱ)-β-巯基丙酸-NaNO_2体系的极谱催化波研究

在ｐＨ３．８的Ｈ２ＳＯ４－ＮＨ４Ａｃ介质中，Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）－β－巯基丙酸（ＭＰＡ）－ＮａＮＯ２体系产生－灵敏的极谱催化波，峰电位在－０．８４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），钴浓度在０．０２～１００ｎｇ／ｍＬ范围内与峰电流呈线性关系。检出限为０．０１ｎｇ／ｍＬ。本文对极谱波的性质和机理进行了初步探讨。本法用于土壤中总钴和有效钴的测定，结果满意。     

钴（Ⅱ）—β—巯基丙酸—NaNO2体系的极谱化波研究

在ｐＨ３．８的Ｈ２ＳＯ４－ＮＨ４Ａｃ介质中，Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）－β－巯基丙酸（ＭＰＡ）－ＮａＮＯ２体系产生－灵敏的极谱催化波，峰电位在－０．８４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）钴浓度在０．０２～１００ｎｇ／ｍＬ范围内与峰电流呈线性关系，检出限为０．０１ｎｇ／ｍＬ。本文对极谱波的性质和机理进行了初步探讨，本法用于土壤中总钴和有效钴的测定，结果满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.