含三芳胺聚西夫碱的合成与表征

在有机电致发光器件中 ,为了提高器件性能 ,普遍使用空穴输送材料 (ＨＴＭ)以提高空穴注入密度[1～ 3 ] .三芳胺类化合物就是普遍使用的小分子ＨＴＭ .尽管三芳胺类小分子化合物空穴传输性能好 ,但却受到小分子ＨＴＭ普遍的结晶现象和靠真空蒸镀方式成膜的局限[4,5] ,目前 ,许多学者将注意力转向聚合物ＨＴＭ的研究[6～ 8] .聚合物ＨＴＭ可以避免小分子ＨＴＭ的结晶现象 ,具有较高的玻璃化温度并且用旋涂法即可成膜 ,大大简化了成膜工艺 .本文以三芳胺和双羰基化合物进行缩聚反应并制备出未见报道的含三芳胺聚西夫碱空穴输送材料 .这种材料…     

聚4-重氮基苯乙烯与聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的自组装

1991年Ｄｅｃｈｅｒ等将带相反电荷的聚电解质 ,于水溶液中交替沉积在片基上 ,制备了多层超薄膜[1] ,这种制膜方法现称为静电自组装 .它操作简单 ,无需专用设备 ;一般在水体系进行 ,对环境友好 ;静电力比范德华力强 ,使它比ＬＢ膜稳定 ,所以近年来有很大发展[2 ] .现在自组装成膜驱动力已从静电力扩展到氢键力、电荷转移相互作用、疏水相互作用等 ,用于组装的组分也从聚电解质扩展到多官能团小分子、胶体粒子、无机纳米颗粒 ,ＤＮＡ、蛋白质等生物大分子等[3～ 11] .虽然自组装膜比ＬＢ膜稳定 ,但它也不耐极性溶剂、电解质水溶液等侵蚀 .如…     

聚氯乙烯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯共聚物的合成和表征

聚氯乙烯 (ＰＶＣ)是常用医用高分子材料之一 ,可以制作储血袋、导液管、人工尿道等 .ＰＶＣ亲水性差 ,影响其生物相容性 .采用亲水性单体与ＰＶＣ接枝共聚是提高ＰＶＣ亲水性的重要方法[1] .Ｋｒｉｓｈｎａｎ等[2 ] 对Ｃｏ60 辐照下ＰＶＣ接枝Ｎ 乙烯基吡咯烷酮进行了研究 .Ｓｉｎｇｈ等[3～ 5] 采用辐照引发甲基丙烯酸在ＰＶＣ薄膜的接枝反应 ,对接枝动力学、接枝后薄膜表面形态、溶胀和抗凝血性等进行了研究 .Ｇｏｌｄｂｅｒｇ等[6] 采用辐照引发甲基丙烯酸2 羟乙酯 (ＨＥＭＡ)在ＰＶＣ薄膜上的接枝 .Ｌｅｅ等[7]采用溶液接枝共聚制备了…     

水分散体系中甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸八氟戊酯嵌段共聚物的合成与表征

在聚合物链上引入氟元素可以赋予聚合物很多优异的性能 ,如良好的热稳定性、化学稳定性、生物相容性和憎水憎油性等 .含氟单体与一般单体共聚是合成含氟共聚物的重要途径 .通过原子转移自由基聚合 (ATRP)不仅可以实现多种单体的控制 (共 )聚合 ,而且可以合成出具有预定分子量、窄分子量分布以及结构明晰聚合物[1] ,我们曾报道了溶液体系中用ATRP方法合成含氟嵌段共聚物[2～ 4] .众所周知 ,大多数含氟聚合物都是通过乳液或悬浮聚合反应合成的 .然而 ,普通的乳液或悬浮聚合难以合成结构和组成可控的聚合物 ,如嵌段共聚物 ,所以近年来 ,水…     

液晶聚酯与环氧嵌段共聚物的合成及表征

近年来 ,人们利用高分子液晶作为热固性环氧树脂的改性剂 ,不仅可以提高环氧树脂的韧性和强度 ,而且可以改善其热性能 ,为制备高性能的环氧树脂提供了一条新的途径[1,2 ] .目前报道所使用的液晶聚合物大多为液晶聚酯[3 ] 或液晶性聚氨酯[4] ,这些液晶聚合物与环氧树脂由于存在相容性不好的问题 ,给其实际应用带来了困难 .为了改善二者的相容性 ,本文采用溶液法合成了末端带有反应活性基团的聚酯型液晶聚合物 ,将它再与双酚Ａ环氧预聚物反应 ,制得了高分子液晶环氧嵌段共聚物 ,其合成路线如下 :2ＨＯＣＯＯＣＨ3+ ＨＯ(ＣＨ2 ) 6 ＯＨ　　Ｈ…     

锌(II)与bipyO2三核配合物的合成和气敏性

锌(ＩＩ)与2,2′ 联吡啶 1,1′ 二氧化物ｂｙｐｙＯ2形成的配合物主要有[Ｚｎ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)3](ＣｌＯ4)·2Ｈ2Ｏ、[Ｚｎ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)3](ＰｔＣｌ4)·2Ｈ2Ｏ和[Ｃｏ(ｂｉｐｙＯ2)2(ＮＣＳ)2]等。我们在ＤＭＦ溶剂中合成了锌(ＩＩ)与ｂｉｐｙＯ2形成的三核配合物,测定了它的组成及ＩＲ谱气敏特性,发现对氨气有很高的敏感性和选择性。用它制作的传感器具有灵敏度高、选择性好、能耗低和常温下工作的特点,在涉氨化工生产的自动控制和氨气泄漏报警方面有一定的应用前景。1　实验部分ｂｉｐｙＯ2按文献[1]制备,经重结晶得白色晶体。Ｃ10Ｈ8Ｎ…     

5-[4′-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔的晶体结构研究

由于共轭聚合物的光致发光和电致发光性能,有望成为制造全塑性发光二极管的材料,因此近年来已引起人们的研究兴趣[1].聚乙炔是一种典型的共轭聚合物,其不稳定性和难加工性限制了它的应用.而含联苯液晶基元的取代聚乙炔,不仅其难加工性得到了改善,提高了稳定性,而且赋予了聚合物液晶性,因此有望开发出一批新型的高性能材料[2].目前对这类新型取代乙炔聚合物及其单体的凝聚态结构的报道还较少.本文通过WAXD,TEM和AFM等手段对小分子液晶5-[4′-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔(A3E′O7)的晶体结构进行了研究.1实验部分1.1样品及…     

一种含噁二唑基甲壳型聚合物的合成与表征

电荷传输材料(空穴或电子传输)广泛应用于电致发光、有机光电池、非线性光学等领域．有机电荷传输材料可分为有机小分子和聚合物两类．有机小分子构建传输层时存在(1)与成膜性聚合物的相容性;(2)容易出现析出、结晶或团聚;(3)热稳定性差及机械强度欠佳．克服这些不足的途径之一是制备有电荷传输性能的聚合物,这种聚合物可以通过在主链或侧链接入含有电荷传输功     

单组分室温交联聚合物乳液研究进展

水性聚合物产品具有环境友好、成本低、节约资源和能源等优点,因而油漆、涂料、粘合剂等重要化学品的水性化是社会发展的必然需求.而聚合物乳液作为水性聚合物产品的成膜物,其适当的交联是提高产品性能的重要途径之一.本文对不同交联机理的单组分室温交联水性聚合物乳液进行了综述,着重介绍了该领域的一些重要交联体系和进展情况.     

5-[4'-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔的晶体结构研究

由于共轭聚合物的光致发光和电致发光性能, 有望成为制造全塑性发光二极管的材料, 因此近年来已引起人们的研究兴趣[1]. 聚乙炔是一种典型的共轭聚合物, 其不稳定性和难加工性限制了它的应用. 而含联苯液晶基元的取代聚乙炔, 不仅其难加工性得到了改善, 提高了稳定性, 而且赋予了聚合物液晶性, 因此有望开发出一批新型的高性能材料[2]. 目前对这类新型取代乙炔聚合物及其单体的凝聚态结构的报道还较少. 本文通过WAXD, TEM和AFM等手段对小分子液晶5-[4′-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔(A3E′O7)的晶体结构进行了研究.     

Effect of rate retardation in RAFT grafting polymerization from silicon wafer surface

Polystyrene and poly(butyl acrylate) were grafted from silicon wafer surface by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Three RAFT agents were immobilized onto silicon wafer through their leaving/initiating groups (R group). Grafting polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St) was then carried out from the immobilized RAFT agents. The immobilization of the RAFT agents and the subsequent grafting polymerization of St and BA were evaluated by ellipsometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that type of monomer, structure of RAFT agent, and local RAFT concentration on the surface have dramatic influences on the thickness of grafted polymer layer. The grafting polymerization with more severe rate retardation effect yielded thinner polymer films on the silicon wafer. Selection of a RAFT agent with little rate retardation was critical in the grafting polymerization to achieve thick films. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 970–978, 2008     

超声无皂乳液聚合制备BA/St/AM三元共聚物乳胶粒及其聚合机理研究

将超声技术引入到无皂乳液聚合方法中,在不加入任何引发剂和乳化剂的情况下,制备了丙烯酸丁酯(BA)/苯乙烯(St)/丙烯酰胺(AM)三元共聚纳米乳胶粒.研究了不同超声时间对单体转化率、乳胶粒粒径以及乳液粘度的影响.同时还探讨了超声无皂乳液聚合机理,认为AM在聚合过程中起到了引发和稳定的作用.TEM照片表明,乳胶粒直径大约在80nm左右,FTIR及DSC分析表明产物为三元共聚物,而不是共混物.     

Preaparation of cationic latexes of poly(styrene-CO-butyl acrylate) and their properties evolution in latex dilution

Cationic latexes were prepared through emulsion copolymerization of styrene(St) and butyl acrylate(BA) with a cationic surfactant,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB).Latex properties,including particle size,size distribution,ζpotential,surface tension and monomer conversion,were determined for latexes prepared with different CTAB amounts. Evolution of these properties during emulsion polymerization was followed in order to understand the mechanism of the particles formation.Results showed that both particle size andζpotential were function of polymerization time and latex solids.Parallel emulsion polymerizations with cationic,anionic charged initiator and charge-free initiators were also carried out,the latex properties were determined at different polymerization time.All these results were attentively interpreted based on the mechanisms of emulsion polymerization,surfactant adsorption and latex particle stabilization.     

丙烯酸酯纳米乳液的制备与表征

将甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)与甲基丙烯酸(MAA)或丙烯酸(AA)用作甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)／丙烯酸丁酯(BA)乳液聚合体系的反应性助乳化剂，采用一种改进的微乳液聚合方法，合成了高单体／乳化剂比例(大于40：1)的聚丙烯酸酯纳米乳液．讨论了引发剂、乳化剂、助乳化别对乳胶粒大小和胶膜吸水率的影响，并对乳液的流体力学行为，共聚物的拉伸行为及耐水性等进行了研究．     

High-Solids Content Waterborne Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites

Summary: Waterborne polymer clay nanocomposites (WPCN) were prepared by emulsion and miniemulsion copolymerization of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate with enhanced mechanical, thermal and barrier properties for coating applications. Emulsion polymerization was used to synthesize WPCN using pristine Na-MMT (sodium montmorillonite) and miniemulsion polymerization to prepare the WPCNs when the pristine clay was organically modified and hence its incorporation into the polymerization loci was not guaranteed by the conventional emulsion polymerization technique. Both techniques allowed preparing stable nanocomposite latexes of BA/MMA copolymers with partially exfoliated morphologies as demonstrated by wide X-ray difraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements. Furthermore, latexes with solids contents up to 45 wt% and manageable viscosities were prepared for the first time using seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization.     

含氢聚甲基硅氧烷/丙烯酸丁酯/羟甲基丙烯酰胺复合乳液的研究——原料配比对乳液及胶膜性能的影响

采用含氢聚甲基硅氧烷（ＰＨＭＳ）与丙烯酸酯类单体进行接枝共聚，制得兼具二者优异性能的新型ＰＨＭＳ／丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）／羟甲基丙烯酰胺（ＮＭＡ）复合聚合物乳液．讨论了ＰＨＭＳ、ＮＭＡ和引发剂用量对该复合乳液的聚合反应转化率、稳定性及粘度的影响．采用透射电子显微镜和粒度测试仪对不同反应条件下制备的乳液的粒度进行了测定．同时对聚合反应的机理、产物的结构及胶膜性能作了考察．结果表明：通过乳液聚合，得到了ＰＨＭＳ／ＢＡ／ＮＭＡ共聚物，控制ＰＨＭＳ、ＮＭＡ、引发剂等用量可制得粒度和粘度适中，具有较高转化率的稳定ＰＨＭＳ／ＢＡ／ＮＭＡ复合聚合物乳液，该乳液所制得的胶膜具有优良的性能     

具有预期结构的苯乙烯与丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物的合成与表征

通过苯乙烯 (St)与 4 对氯甲基苯乙烯 (CMS)进行氮氧稳定自由基共聚合反应 ,合成了二元共聚物P(St co CMS) ,并以此共聚物引发丙烯酸丁酯进行原子转移自由基聚合 ,成功地合成了结构明晰的以聚苯乙烯为主链、聚丙烯酸丁酯为支链的接枝共聚物 ,研究了共聚合反应动力学 .P(St co CMS)和接枝共聚物的结构通过1 H NMR得到确认 ,并表征了接枝共聚物平均侧链数目和平均侧链长度     

Influence of Emulsifiers on Acrylate Latex Blends

The poly(methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate/acrylic acid) [P(MMA/BA/AA)] and poly (styrene/butyl acrylate/acrylic acid) [P(St/BA/AA)] latexes were synthesized using the emulsifier octylphenol polyoxyethylene(10) ether (OP-10) and ammonium sulfate allyloxy nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)(10) ether(DNS-86). The optimum amount of OP-10 and DNS-86 was 1.5% and 2.5% respectively. The P(MMA/BA/AA) and P(St/BA/AA) latex containing 1.5% OP-10 or 2.5% DNS-86 were blended pairwise. The performances of latex blends and parent latexes as a function of emulsifiers content in parent latexes were determined. The results indicated that the stability of latex blends is favorable, and particle size distribution was more uniform and thermal stability was improved after blending.     

Surface functionalization of styrene/butyl acrylate latex with a water‐soluble monosaccharide monomer. Synthesis and morphology of the polymer particles

New polymer latexes bearing saccharide moieties on the particle surface were synthesized by using a water‐soluble sugar monomer, such as 1‐deoxy‐1‐methacryl‐amido‐D ‐glucitol, (MAG). All the latexes were prepared by a two‐stage emulsion polymerization technique. In the first step, the core was prepared with butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St). In the second step, the seed latex was polymerized with ethyl acrylate (EA) and MAG. The influence of a bifunctional monomer such as allyl methacrylate (ALMA), introduced at various concentrations, on the final latexes morphologies and properties was investigated. It was found that the latex particles exhibit a core‐shell structure. The mass balance of MAG showed that the main part of the sugar moiety is on the shell layer. The molecular properties, such as structure, composition, and molecular weight, were determined by elemental analysis, ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR spectroscopy. Colloidal (particle size and their distributions), thermal, and rheological properties were also studied. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Influence of hydrophobic monomers on secondary nucleation of hydroxyl‐functionalized latexes

The influence of butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) on hydroxyl functionalized latexes was investigated. The hydrophobicity of the monomer feed was varied via the BA/MMA ratio. In addition to monitoring the effect of hydrophobic monomer feed on secondary nucleation, the polymerization kinetics and final latex properties were also obtained for comparison. Five different BA to MMA molar ratios were combined with five 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mol% in monomer composition). All latexes were synthesized through seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization process. Particle size distributions and average particle sizes of the latexes were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and qualitatively compared with transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. The BA to MMA ratio significantly influences the boundary HEMA concentration at which homogeneous secondary nucleation occurs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 2190–2202