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从一维减幅-增幅谐振子的运动微分方程出发得到系统的运动积分常数,从而得到系统的Lagrange函数和Hamilton函数,再根据Hamilton函数的形式假定守恒量的形式,由Poisson括号的性质得到了系统的三个守恒量,并讨论与三个守恒量相应的无限小变换的Noether对称性与Lie对称性.还对守恒量与对称性的物理意义作了合理的解释.
关键词:
一维减幅-增幅谐振子
守恒量
Noether对称性
Lie对称性 相似文献
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提出并研究含时滞的非保守系统动力学的Noether对称性与守恒量. 首先,建立含时滞的非保守系统的Hamilton原理,得到含时滞的Lagrange方程;其次,基于含时滞的Hamilton作用量在依赖于广义速度的无限小群变换下的不变性,定义系统的Noether对称变换和准对称变换,建立Noether对称性的判据;最后,研究对称性与守恒量之间的关系,建立含时滞的非保守系统的Noether理论. 文末举例说明结果的应用.
关键词:
时滞系统
非保守力学
Noether对称性
守恒量 相似文献
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本文研究离散差分序列变质量Hamilton系统的Lie对称性与Noether守恒量. 构建了离散差分序列变质量Hamilton系统的差分动力学方程, 给出了离散差分序列变质量Hamilton系统差分动力学方程在无限小变 换群下的Lie对称性的确定方程和定义, 得到了离散力学系统Lie对称性导致Noether守恒量的条件及形式, 举例说明结果的应用.
关键词:
离散力学
Hamilton系统
Lie对称性
Noether守恒量 相似文献
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研究Hamilton系统的形式不变性即Mei对称性,给出其定义和确定方程.研究Hamilton系统的Mei对称性与Noether对称性、Lie对称性之间的关系,寻求系统的守恒量.给出一个例子说明本文结果的应用.
关键词:
Hamilton系统
Mei对称性
Noether对称性
Lie对称性
守恒量 相似文献
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Noether’s theorem for non-conservative Hamilton system based on El-Nabulsi dynamical model extended by periodic laws
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This paper focuses on the Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for both holonomic and nonholonomic systems based on a new non-conservative dynamical model introduced by El-Nabulsi. First, the El-Nabulsi dynamical model which is based on a fractional integral extended by periodic laws is introduced, and El-Nabulsi–Hamilton’s canonical equations for non-conservative Hamilton system with holonomic or nonholonomic constraints are established. Second,the definitions and criteria of El-Nabulsi–Noether symmetrical transformations and quasi-symmetrical transformations are presented in terms of the invariance of El-Nabulsi–Hamilton action under the infinitesimal transformations of the group. Finally, Noether’s theorems for the non-conservative Hamilton system under the El-Nabulsi dynamical system are established,which reveal the relationship between the Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of the system. 相似文献
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Willy Sarlet 《Annals of Physics》1975,92(2):232-247
In this paper, apart from a small restriction, all time-dependent Hamiltonians with one degree-of-freedom are determined, for which Kruskal's nice variables can be found by a sort of partial separation of the variables in the equations in question. These Hamiltonians allow an application of Kruskal's perturbation method in closed form, in a way similar to Lewis' treatment of the time-dependent harmonic oscillator. For those “appropriate” Hamiltonians, a connection is further established, between the invariant J following from Kruskal's theory, and an invariant that can be calculated equivalently from Hamilton-Jacobi theory. 相似文献
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Asao Arai 《Letters in Mathematical Physics》1988,15(4):275-279
It is formally shown that Hamiltonians in a quantum multicomponent scalar field theory are embedded into supersymmetric Hamiltonians if they have a strictly positive zero energy state.Supported by the Grant-in-Aid, No. 62740072 and No. 62460001 for science research from the Ministry of Education, Japan. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTSite-occupation embedding theory (SOET) is a density functional theory (DFT)-based method which aims at modelling strongly correlated electrons. It is in principle exact and applicable to model and quantum chemical Hamiltonians. The theory is presented here for the Hubbard Hamiltonian. In contrast to conventional DFT approaches, the site (or orbital) occupations are deduced in SOET from a partially interacting system consisting of one (or more) impurity site(s) and non-interacting bath sites. The correlation energy of the bath is then treated implicitly by means of a site-occupation functional. In this work, we propose a simple impurity-occupation functional approximation based on the two-level (2L) Hubbard model which is referred to as two-level impurity local density approximation (2L-ILDA). Results obtained on a prototypical uniform eight-site Hubbard ring are promising. The extension of the method to larger systems and more sophisticated model Hamiltonians is currently in progress. 相似文献
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Two difficulties of the second quantum rule in the star-unitary transformation theory are discussed. First,by using perturbation theory at order four, we show that the energy superoperator pℜ can not be diagonalized for a class of Hamiltonians. Second,if the transformation Λ has the property Λ·≠Ⅱ which is a result of the second quantum rule for some models, we point out that the microcanonical equilibrium will not lead to the minimum H-quantity. 相似文献
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We show that the most important measures of quantum chaos, such as frame potentials, scrambling, Loschmidt echo and out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs), can be described by the unified framework of the isospectral twirling, namely the Haar average of a k-fold unitary channel. We show that such measures can then always be cast in the form of an expectation value of the isospectral twirling. In literature, quantum chaos is investigated sometimes through the spectrum and some other times through the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian generating the dynamics. We show that thanks to this technique, we can interpolate smoothly between integrable Hamiltonians and quantum chaotic Hamiltonians. The isospectral twirling of Hamiltonians with eigenvector stabilizer states does not possess chaotic features, unlike those Hamiltonians whose eigenvectors are taken from the Haar measure. As an example, OTOCs obtained with Clifford resources decay to higher values compared with universal resources. By doping Hamiltonians with non-Clifford resources, we show a crossover in the OTOC behavior between a class of integrable models and quantum chaos. Moreover, exploiting random matrix theory, we show that these measures of quantum chaos clearly distinguish the finite time behavior of probes to quantum chaos corresponding to chaotic spectra given by the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) from the integrable spectra given by Poisson distribution and the Gaussian Diagonal Ensemble (GDE). 相似文献
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Ingo Scholz Jacco D. van Beek Matthias Ernst 《Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance》2010,37(3-4):39-59
This article reviews the application of operator-based Floquet theory in solid-state NMR. Basic expressions for calculating effective Hamiltonians based on van Vleck perturbation theory are reviewed for problems with a single frequency or multiple incommensurate frequencies. Such a treatment allows calculation of effective Hamiltonians for resonant and non-resonant problems. Examples from literature are given for single-mode to triple-mode Floquet problems, covering a wide range of applications in solid-state NMR under magic-angle spinning and radio-frequency irradiation of a single nucleus or multiple nuclei. 相似文献
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V. Kvasnička 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1974,24(6):605-615
A theory of the model Hamiltonians within the framework of Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory is elaborated. The approach of a model Hamiltonian is based on the assumption that if it is diagonalized in a chosen model space it will yield eigenvalues of the original Hamiltonian in the entire Hilbert space. The theory of the model Hamiltonians may be fruitful as a theoretical background for the study of effective Hamiltonians and as natural extension of the standard Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory. 相似文献
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Density-functional theory (DFT) and model Hamiltonians are conceptually distinct approaches to the many-particle problem, which can be developed and applied independently. In practice, however, there are multiple connections between the two. This review focuses on these connections. After some background and introductory material on DFT and on model Hamiltonians, we describe four distinct, but complementary, connections between the two approaches: (i) the use of DFT as input for model Hamiltonians, in order to calculate model parameters such as the Hubbard U and the Heisenberg J. (ii) The use of model Hamiltonians as input for DFT, as in the LDA + U functional. (iii) The use of model Hamiltonians as theoretical laboratories to study aspects of DFT. (iv) The use of special formulations of DFT as computational tools for studying spatially inhomogeneous model Hamiltonians. We mostly focus on this fourth combination, model DFT, and illustrate it for the Hubbard model and the Heisenberg model. Other models that have been treated with DFT, such as the PPP model, the Gaudin–Yang δ-gas model, the XXZ chain, variations of the Anderson and Kondo models and Hooke’s atom are also briefly considered. Representative applications of model DFT to electrons in crystal lattices, atoms in optical lattices, entanglement measures, dynamics and transport are described. 相似文献
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D. Otero A. Plastino A. Proto G. Zannoli 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1984,316(3):323-329
Information theory ideas together with entropy dynamical properties are combined in order to formulate a new algorithm for the treatment of non-linear Hamiltonians, whether time dependent or not. The approach is illustrated with reference to Kostin's Hamiltonian and the General Friction one. 相似文献
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We consider the classical spin models where the Hamiltonians are small modifications of the Hamiltonians of Dyson's hierarchical models. Under some assumptions we investigate rigorously the neighbourhood of the critical point and find the critical indices. It follows that in the cases under consideration phenomenological Landau's theory of phase transitions is valid. 相似文献