新型高硅Y(NHSY)沸石的研究:Ⅰ.NHSY沸石的制备

新型高硅Ｙ（ＮＨＳＹ）沸石的研究　Ⅰ．ＮＨＳＹ沸石的制备刘兴云，裴站芬，佘励勤，李宣文（北京大学化学系，北京１００８７１）关键词ＮａＹ沸石，骨架改性，化学脱铝，ＮＨＳＹ沸石，草酸为了提高用于制备裂化催化剂的Ｙ沸石的稳定性，必须对其骨架进行改性．实用的...     

用正电子谱学研究USY沸石中二次孔的脱水

超稳Ｙ型沸石（ＵＳＹ）分子筛是石油催化裂化中的优异催化剂,它是由ＨＹ型沸石经高温水热处理制备的,它的特点之一是具有良好的热稳定性．因而,对ＵＳＹ的改性研究一直受到关注［１-５］,尤其是在制备ＵＳＹ过程中由于水热处理所产生大量二次孔,它与ＵＳＹ的结构与?..     

氯硅烷改性对Y沸石结构的影响

用２９Ｓｉ，２７ＡｌＭＡＳＮＭＲ，ＸＲＤ及化学分析法研究了氯硅烷改性Ｙ沸石的结构及组成变化，结果表明改性过程伴有脱铝和补硅作用，并同时有大量非骨架铝碎片形成．非骨架铝有两类，一类是２７ＡｌＭＡＳＮＭＲ可测的，另一类是不可测的．改性沸石的酸性可能来源于非骨架铝碎片．对各催化剂上甲苯歧化反应的考察表明，由于改性沸石酸度适中，是较ＨＹ沸石优良的催化剂．     

水热处理对纳米HZSM－5沸石酸性质及其降低汽油烯烃性能的影响

 采用水蒸气和碱性氨水蒸气在500℃下对纳米HZSM－5沸石催化剂进行了水热处理改性，并用XRD，IR，NH3－TPD和XRF对催化剂进行了表征．以降低FCC汽油（≤70℃馏分）烯烃含量为探针反应，考察了不同水热处理介质对催化剂酸性质和催化性能的影响．结果表明，经不同介质水热处理后，纳米HZSM－5沸石中约10％的Al2O3被脱除，总酸量降低，导致积炭失活的强酸中心明显减少；不同水热处理介质对催化剂的总酸量没有明显影响，而对酸中心类型分布的影响较大．水热处理改性使催化剂活性的稳定性明显改善，初始活性降低．同时，水热处理改性降低了催化剂对芳构化反应的催化活性，提高了对异构化反应的催化活性．采用氨水（0．5mol／L）蒸气处理的纳米HZSM－5催化剂其降烯烃催化活性更为稳定．在给定的反应条件下，FCC汽油的烯烃含量（φ）由65．9％降低到约26％，产物中烯烃、芳烃（主要是C7～C9芳烃）和烷烃含量分别保持在25％，19％和55％左右，辛烷值基本不变．     

热处理对Ni/C催化剂上甲醇羰基化性能的影响

在惰性气氛中将Ｎｉ／Ｃ催化剂进行不同温度的热处理,采用ＸＰＳ,ＴＰＲ,ＢＥＴ和ＸＲＤ手段对其进行了表征。在加压和碘甲烷助催化剂的存在下考察了热处理温度和热处理次序对甲醇羰基化活性及醋酸收率的影响。结果表明,随着处理温度的升高,羰基化活性和产物收率明显提高,而热处理次序对反应性能影响甚微。热处理过程中活性炭保进了ＮｉＯ还原为金属Ｎｉ,使得镍活性中心的数目明显增加,并且氧化炭负载的镍催化剂的孔结构变化     

改性Y沸石上苯与二异丙苯烷基转移反应活性及结炭失活的研究

用调节交换液ＰＨ值、高温水蒸气处理和不同浓度磷酸溶液等三种不同的改性方法对较Ｙ型沸石进行了改性处理，运用ＴＰＤ、红外光谱、ＸＲＤ、原子吸收光谱测试了催化剂的物理性质，考察了不同改性方法对催化剂中的钠含量及骨架硅铝比的影响，以及上此造成对化剂表面酸性质的影响。实验结果表明，这三种改性方法均能将沸石中深怪次的钠交换一来，钠的减少主要产生提Ｂｒｏｎｓｔｅｄ酸中心，而当Ｎａ２Ｏ含量低于０．２‰时，产生的又     

水热法改性氢氧化锆制备Pt—SO4^2—／ZrO2固体酸催化剂I．水热温度的影响

通过水热法改性氢氧化锆制备了Pt-SO4^2-/ZrO2固体酸催化剂，并用低温氮吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和差热分析等技术考察了氢氧化锆水热处理时的温度对Pt-SO4^2-/ZrO2固体酸物化性能及催化性能的影响，对水热改性的作用机理进行了讨论。在连续微反－色谱装置上评价了催化剂对正戊烷异构化反应的催化活性。用水热法对氢氧化锆粒子进行处理，可以使其形成较稳固的孔结构。这种孔结构具有较高的热稳定性，可有效阻止焙烧过程中氧化锆粒子的烧经长大。与室温老化制备的催化剂相比，由在90－110℃下水热改性氢氧化锆所制备的催化剂的比表面积、硫含量和孔体积均有显著的提高，但催化剂的TOF下降；水热温度高于130℃时，催化剂的TOF升高。实验结果表明，由水热法得到的晶态水合氧化锆也可以制备SO4^2-/ZrO2类固体酸。     

水热法改性氢氧化锆制备Pt-SO2-4／ZrO2固体酸催化剂Ⅰ．水热温度的影响

 通过水热法改性氢氧化锆制备了Pt－SO2－4／ZrO2固体酸催化剂，并用低温氮吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和差热分析等技术考察了氢氧化锆水热处理时的温度对Pt－SO2－4／ZrO2固体酸物化性能及催化性能的影响，对水热改性的作用机理进行了讨论．在连续微反－色谱装置上评价了催化剂对正戊烷异构化反应的催化活性．用水热法对氢氧化锆粒子进行处理，可以使其形成较稳固的孔结构．这种孔结构具有较高的热稳定性，可有效阻止焙烧过程中氧化锆粒子的烧结长大．与室温老化制备的催化剂相比，由在90～110℃下水热改性氢氧化锆所制备的催化剂的比表面积、硫含量和孔体积均有显著的提高，但催化剂的TOF下降；水热温度高于130℃时，催化剂的TOF升高．实验结果表明，由水热法得到的晶态水合氧化锆也可以制备SO2－4／ZrO2类固体酸．     

SO4^2—TiO2—Hβ—Al2O3催化剂的制备及催化性能研究

以Ｈβ沸石为，通过ＴｉＯ２改性及硫酸铵处理制备了ＳＯ４＾２－－ＴｉＯ２－Ｈβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，并由ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ、ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ、ＦＴＩＲ及化学吸附等手段考察了不同焙烧温度对该催化剂表面性质、酸性及催化性能的影响。结果表明；适宜的焙烧温度使ＳＯ４＾２－－ＴｉＯ２－Ｈβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的酸量大幅度增加，强酸比例增大，并产生部分增强酸中心，高强度的酸性中心中，以Ｌ酸中心为主；５５０℃焙烧的样品能使沸石表     

HZSM－20沸石分子筛的水蒸汽改性

ＨＺＳＭ－２０沸石分子筛的水蒸汽改性项寿鹤，任大立，王敬中，李赫晅（南开大学化学系，天津３０００７１）关键词ＨＺＳＭ－２０沸石，水蒸汽处理，改性ＺＳＭ－２０沸石是一种具有大孔和开放结构的分子筛［１］，其结构与八面沸石（如Ｙ型沸石）类似，但其硅铝比较高...     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.