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1.
N? C bonded (non‐bridged) 5‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)tetrazoles were synthesized by the CuI‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar azide–alkyne cycloaddition click reaction using 5‐azido‐N‐(propan‐2‐ylidene)‐1H‐tetrazole ( 1 ). For example, the click reaction of 1 in the presence of CuSO4?5 H2O and Na ascorbate at 65–70 °C for 48 h in CH3CN/H2O co‐solvent was found to be limited to only terminal alkynes that have electron‐withdrawing groups, CF3C?CH ( 2 a ) and SF5C?CH ( 2 b ), giving rise to isopropylidene‐[5‐(4‐trifluoromethyl‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)tetrazol‐1‐yl]amine ( 3 a ) and isopropylidene‐[5‐(4‐pentafluorosulfanyl‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)tetrazol‐1‐yl]amine ( 3 b ) in 47 % and 66 % yields, respectively. When carried out under conditions using CuI and 2,6‐lutidine as catalysts at 0 °C for 13 h in CHCl3, the click reaction was versatile toward alkynes even those having electron‐donating groups. Properties of new products were determined and compared with those of 1 . Heats of formation, detonation pressures, detonation velocities and impact sensitivities are reported for these new 5‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)tetrazoles.  相似文献   

2.
We report the highly facet‐dependent catalytic activity of Cu2O nanocubes, octahedra, and rhombic dodecahedra for the multicomponent direct synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles from the reaction of alkynes, organic halides, and NaN3. The catalytic activities of clean surfactant‐removed Cu2O nanocrystals with the same total surface area were compared. Rhombic dodecahedral Cu2O nanocrystals bounded by {110} facets were much more catalytically active than Cu2O octahedra exposing {111} facets, whereas Cu2O nanocubes displayed the slowest catalytic activity. The superior catalytic activity of Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra is attributed to the fully exposed surface Cu atoms on the {110} facet. A large series of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles have been synthesized in excellent yields with high regioselectivity under green conditions by using these rhombic dodecahedral Cu2O catalysts, including the synthesis of rufinamide, an antiepileptic drug, demonstrating the potential of these nanocrystals as promising heterogeneous catalysts for other important coupling reactions.  相似文献   

3.
An efficient method for the synthesis of N‐alkylated 2‐(4‐substituted‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐1H‐indole‐3‐carbaldehyde has been developed starting from oxindole and indole using Huisgen's 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of organic azides to alkynes. The effect of catalysts and solvent on these reactions has been investigated. Among all these conditions, while using CuSO4·5H2O, DMF was found to be the best system for this reaction. It could also be prepared in a one‐pot three‐component manner by treating equimolar quantities of halides, azides, and alkynes. The Huisgen's 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction was performed using CuSO4·5H2O in DMF with easy work‐up procedure.  相似文献   

4.
A safe, efficient, and improved procedure for the regioselective synthesis of 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives under ambient conditions is described. Terminal alkynes reacted with oxiranes and NaN3 in the presence of a copper(I) catalyst, which is prepared by in situ reduction of the copper(II) complex 4 with ascorbic acid, in H2O. The regioselective reactions exclusively gave the corresponding 1,4‐disubstituted 1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles in good to excellent yields. This procedure avoids the handling of organic azides as they are generated in situ, making this already powerful click process even more user‐friendly and safe. The remarkable features of this protocol are high yields, very short reaction times, a cleaner reaction profile in an environmentally benign solvent (H2O), its straightforwardness, and the use of nontoxic catalysts. Furthermore, the catalyst could be recovered and recycled by simple filtration of the reaction mixture and reused for ten consecutive trials without significant loss of catalytic activity. No metal‐complex leaching was observed after the consecutive catalytic reactions.  相似文献   

5.
The title compound, [Cu4Cl6O(C4H7NS)4], was obtained by the reaction of CuCl2·2H2O with 2‐methyl‐2‐thia­zoline in methanol. The complex has twofold crystallographic symmetry and contains a tetrahedron of four CuII atoms coordinating a central μ4‐O atom, with the six edges of the tetrahedron bridged by Cl atoms. Distance ranges are Cu—O 1.917 (4)–1.920 (4) and Cu—Cl 2.370 (2)–2.445 (2) Å.  相似文献   

6.
In the centrosymmetric dinuclear anions of the title bimetallic complex, {[Mg(H2O)6][Cu2(C8H2NO7)2]·2H2O}n, each CuII ion is strongly coordinated by four O atoms in a distorted square‐planar geometry. Two of these O atoms belong to phenolate groups and the other two to carboxylate groups from 5‐nitro‐2‐oxidoisophthalate (L1) trianions, derived from 5‐nitrobenzene‐1,2,3‐tricarboxylic acid (O2N–H3L). The phenolate O atoms bridge the two CuII ions in the anion. In addition, each CuII cation interacts weakly with a symmetry‐related carboxylate O atom of an adjacent L1 ligand, giving a square‐pyramidal coordination geometry. The copper residue forms a ladder‐like linear coordination polymer via L1 ligands. The [Mg(H2O)6]2+ cations sit on centres of inversion. The polymeric anions, cations and free water molecules are self‐assembled into a three‐dimensional supramolecular network via O—H...O hydrogen bonds.  相似文献   

7.
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO)‐supported Cu–Cu2O nanocomposite material (Cu‐Cu2O@RGO) was prepared through a one‐pot reflux synthesis method. The morphology, crystal structure and composition of the prepared Cu‐Cu2O@RGO were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Cu‐Cu2O@RGO as a heterogeneous catalyst was applied to tandem reactions of halides and sodium azide with terminal alkynes to synthesize effectively 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles. Moreover, the catalyst showed excellent recyclability performance with very little leaching of the metal. Compared with homogeneous catalysts, Cu‐Cu2O@RGO as a green and efficient catalyst was recoverable, easy to separate and highly stable in the tandem method for the synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazole compounds.  相似文献   

8.
An efficient synthesis of 1‐arylisochromeno[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazol‐5(1H)‐ones, involving the diazotization of 3‐amino‐4‐arylamino‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐ones in weakly acidic solution, has been developed and the spectroscopic characterization and crystal structures of four examples are reported. The molecules of 1‐phenylisochromeno[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazol‐5(1H)‐one, C15H9N3O2, (I), are linked into sheets by a combination of C—H…N and C—H…O hydrogen bonds, while the structures of 1‐(2‐methylphenyl)isochromeno[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazol‐5(1H)‐one, C16H11N3O2, (II), and 1‐(3‐chlorophenyl)isochromeno[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazol‐5(1H)‐one, C15H8ClN3O2, (III), each contain just one hydrogen bond which links the molecules into simple chains, which are further linked into sheets by π‐stacking interactions in (II) but not in (III). In the structure of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)isochromeno[3,4‐d][1,2,3]triazol‐5(1H)‐one, (IV), isomeric with (III), a combination of C—H…O and C—H…π(arene) hydrogen bonds links the molecules into sheets. When compound (II) was exposed to a strong acid in methanol, quantitative conversion occurred to give the ring‐opened transesterification product methyl 2‐[4‐hydroxy‐1‐(2‐methylphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐yl]benzoate, C17H15N3O3, (V), where the molecules are linked by paired O—H…O hydrogen bonds to form centrosymmetric dimers.  相似文献   

9.
In the tridentate ligand 2,6‐bis(1‐benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)pyridine, C23H19N7, both sets of triazole N atoms are anti with respect to the pyridine N atom, while in the copper complex aqua[2,6‐bis(1‐benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)pyridine](pyridine)(tetrafluoroborato)copper(II) tetrafluoroborate, [Cu(BF4)(C5H5N)(C23H19N7)(H2O)]BF4, the triazole N atoms are in the synsyn conformation. The coordination of the CuII atom is distorted octahedral. The ligand structure is stabilized through intermolecular C—H...N interactions, while the crystal structure of the Cu complex is stabilized through water‐ and BF4‐mediated hydrogen bonds. Photoluminiscence studies of the ligand and complex show that the ligand is fluorescent due to triazole–pyridine conjugation, but that the fluorescence is quenched on complexation.  相似文献   

10.
J147 [N‐(2,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐2,2,2‐trifluoro‐N′‐(3‐methoxybenzylidene)acetohydrazide] has recently been reported as a promising new drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The X‐ray structures of seven new 1,4‐diaryl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles, namely 1‐(3,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐4‐phenyl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C17H14F3N3, 1 ), 1‐(3,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐4‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 2 ), 1‐(3,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐4‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 3 ), 1‐(2,4‐dimethylphenyl)‐4‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 4 ), 1‐[2,4‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]‐4‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C18H10F9N3O, 5 ), 1‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole (C19H18F3N3O4, 6 ) and 3‐[4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl]phenol (C17H14F3N3O3, 7 ), have been determined and compared to that of J147 . B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) calculations have been performed to determine the potential surface and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of J147 , and to examine the correlation between hydrazone J147 and the 1,2,3‐triazoles, both bearing a CF3 substituent. Using MEPs, it was found that the minimum‐energy conformation of 4 , which is nearly identical to its X‐ray structure, is closely related to one of the J147 seven minima.  相似文献   

11.
The title compound, [Cu2(SO4)2(C10H8N2)2(C2H6O2)2(H2O)2]n, contains two crystallographically unique CuII centres, each lying on a twofold axis and having a slightly distorted octahedral environment. One CuII centre is coordinated by two bridging 4,4′‐bipyridine (4,4′‐bipy) ligands, two sulfate anions and two aqua ligands. The second is surrounded by two 4,4′‐bipy N atoms and four O atoms, two from bridging sulfate anions and two from ethane‐1,2‐diol ligands. The sulfate anion bridges adjacent CuII centres, leading to the formation of linear ...Cu1–Cu2–Cu1–Cu2... chains. Adjacent chains are further bridged by 4,4′‐bipy ligands, which are also located on the twofold axis, resulting in a two‐dimensional layered polymer. In the crystal structure, extensive O—H...O hydrogen‐bonding interactions between water molecules, ethane‐1,2‐diol molecules and sulfate anions lead to the formation of a three‐dimensional supramolecular network structure.  相似文献   

12.
Tetrakis(1‐adamantylcarboxylato)dicopper(II) Cu2(1‐Ad)4 – Synthesis, Structure and X‐/Q‐band EPR Investigations The synthesis and the crystal structure of tetrakis(1‐adamantylcarboxylato)dicopper(II) are reported. [Cu2(1‐Ad)4·2DMF] ( 1 , 1‐Ad = adamantylcarboxylate) crystallizes in the space group (Z = 2) with two crystallographically distinguishable complexes in the unit cell. The averaged Cu‐Cu distance of 260.5 pm is smaller than that found for Cu2(ac)4·2H2O. The combination of temperature‐dependent X‐ and Q‐band powder EPR investigations in the temperature range 6 ≤ T ≤ 295 K show the presence of an antiferromagnetically coupled Cu‐Cu dimer and allow a precise determination of the spin‐Hamiltonian parameter. A comparison of those with that derived for Cu2(ac)4·2H2O indicate a higher symmetry within the Cu2O8 central unit of [Cu2(1‐Ad)4·2DMF].  相似文献   

13.
Two novel complexes [Cu L 2(MeOH)] ( 1 )and [Ag2 L (H L )2(MeOH)] ( 2 ) ( L = 5‐methyl‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐carboxylic acid) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a mononuclear structure; the molecules were assembled into an infinite 2–D supramolecular by the C–H···O weak interactions. Complex 2 is a centrosymmetric dinuclear structure with bis(unidentate) carboxylato co‐ordination mode, and the molecules were assembled into 2–D layers by C–H···O and O–H···O weak interactions.  相似文献   

14.
The title compound, [Cu2(C2H3O2)4(C11H9N)2] or [Cu2(MeCO2)4(phpy)2] (phpy is 4‐phenyl­pyridine), consists of centrosymmetric dimers in which the CuII atoms display a square‐pyramidal CuO4N coordination, with four acetate O atoms in the basal plane [Cu—O 1.975 (3)–1.987 (3) Å] and the phpy N atom in the apical position [Cu—N 2.150 (3) Å]. The Cu atoms are 2.654 (1) Å apart and are bridged by four acetate groups. The discrete dimers are extended into a three‐dimensional supramolecular array through intermolecular π–π‐stacking interactions.  相似文献   

15.
From a predesigned grid, [CuII5CuI4L6] ? (I)2 ? 13 H2O ( 1 ), in which LH2 was a pyrazinyl‐triazolyl‐2,6‐substituted pyridine, we successfully synthesized an extended 3D complex, 1[{CuII5CuI8L6}{μ‐[CuI3(CN)6]}2 ? 2 CH3‐ CN] ( 2 ), that displayed unprecedented coexistence of all the five known coordination geometries of copper. Grid 1 displayed monovalent central metal exchange (CME) of CuI for AgI for the first time, as well as the formation of tri‐iodide in the crystalline state. These systems were investigated for their magnetic properties. Remarkably, grid 1 showed much higher catalytic activity than the Ag‐exchanged product for synthesis of a substituted triazole, 1‐benzyl‐4‐phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole.  相似文献   

16.
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, {[Cu(C4O4)(C6H6N2O)2(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, consists of one pyridine‐4‐carbox­amide (isonicotinamide or ina) ligand, one‐half of a squarate dianion, a coordinated aqua ligand and a solvent water mol­ecule. Both the CuII and the squarate ions are located on inversion centers. The CuII ions are octa­hedrally surrounded by four O atoms of two water mol­ecules and two squarate anions, and by two N atoms of the isonicotinamide ligands. The crystal structure contains chains of squarate‐1,3‐bridged CuII ions. These chains are held together by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen‐bond inter­actions, forming an extensive three‐dimensional network.  相似文献   

17.
Subtle modifications of N‐donor ligands can result in complexes with very different compositions and architectures. In the complex catena‐poly[[bis{1‐[(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐imidazole‐κN 3}copper(II)]‐μ‐benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylato‐κ3O 1,O 1′:O 3], {[Cu(C8H4O4)(C10H9N5)2(H2O)]·2H2O}n , each CuII ion is six‐coordinated by two N atoms from two crystallographically independent 1‐[(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐imidazole (bmi) ligands, by three O atoms from two symmetry‐related benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylate (bdic2−) ligands and by one water molecule, leading to a distorted CuN2O4 octahedral coordination environment. The CuII ions are connected by bridging bdic2− anions to generate a one‐dimensional chain. The bmi ligands coordinate to the CuII ions in monodentate modes and are pendant on opposite sides of the main chain. In the crystal, the chains are linked by O—H…O and O—H…N hydrogen bonds, as well as by π–π interactions, into a three‐dimensional network. A thermogravimetric analysis was carried out and the fluorescence behaviour of the complex was also investigated.  相似文献   

18.
Coordination polymers (CPs) built by coordination bonds between metal ions/clusters and multidentate organic ligands exhibit fascinating structural topologies and potential applications as functional solid materials. The title coordination polymer, poly[diaquabis(μ4‐biphenyl‐3,4′,5‐tricarboxylato‐κ4O3:O3′:O4′:O5)tris[μ2‐1,4‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene‐κ2N3:N3′]dicopper(II)dicopper(I)], [CuII2CuI2(C15H7O6)2(C12H10N4)3(H2O)2]n, was crystallized from a mixture of biphenyl‐3,4′,5‐tricarboxylic acid (H3bpt), 1,4‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (1,4‐bib) and copper(II) chloride in a water–CH3CN mixture under solvothermal reaction conditions. The asymmetric unit consists of two crystallographically independent Cu atoms, one of which is CuII, while the other has been reduced to the CuI ion. The CuII centre is pentacoordinated by three O atoms from three bpt3− ligands, one N atom from a 1,4‐bib ligand and one O atom from a coordinated water molecule, and the coordination geometry can be described as distorted trigonal bipyramidal. The CuI atom exhibits a T‐shaped geometry (CuN2O) coordinated by one O atom from a bpt3− ligand and two N atoms from two 1,4‐bib ligands. The CuII atoms are extended by bpt3− and 1,4‐bib linkers to generate a two‐dimensional network, while the CuI atoms are linked by 1,4‐bib ligands, forming one‐dimensional chains along the [20] direction. In addition, the completely deprotonated μ4‐η1111 bpt3− ligands bridge one CuI and three CuII cations along the a (or [100]) direction to form a three‐dimensional framework with a (103)2(10)2(42.6.102.12)2(42.6.82.10)2(8) topology via a 2,2,3,4,4‐connected net. An investigation of the magnetic properties indicated a very weak ferromagnetic behaviour.  相似文献   

19.
The title compund, [Cu2(OH)2(C22H25N3)2](ClO4)2, is a copper(II) dimer, with two [CuL]2+ units [L is bis(6‐methyl‐2‐pyridylmethyl)(2‐phenylethyl)amine] bridged by hydroxide groups to define the {[CuL](μ‐OH)2[CuL]}2+ cation. Charge balance is provided by perchlorate counter‐anions. The cation has a crystallographic inversion centre halfway between the CuII ions, which are separated by 3.0161 (8) Å. The central core of the cation is an almost regular Cu2O2 parallelogram of sides 1.931 (2) and 1.935 (2) Å, with a Cu—O—Cu angle of 102.55 (11)°. The coordination geometry around each CuII centre can be best described as a square‐based pyramid, with three N atoms from L ligands and two hydroxide O atoms completing the coordination environment. Each cationic unit is hydrogen bonded to two perchlorate anions by means of hydroxide–perchlorate O—H...O interactions.  相似文献   

20.
《化学:亚洲杂志》2018,13(19):2868-2880
The reaction of 3,7‐diacetyl‐1,3,7‐triaza‐5‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA) with metal salts of CuII or NaI/NiII under mild conditions led to the oxidized phosphane derivative 3,7‐diacetyl‐1,3,7‐triaza‐5‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane‐5‐oxide (DAPTA=O) and to the first examples of metal complexes based on the DAPTA=O ligand, that is, [CuII(μ‐CH3COO)2O‐DAPTA=O)]2 ( 1 ) and [Na(1κOO′;2κO‐DAPTA=O)(MeOH)]2(BPh4)2 ( 2 ). The catalytic activity of 1 was tested in the Henry reaction and for the aerobic 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Compound 1 was also evaluated as a model system for the catechol oxidase enzyme by using 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol as the substrate. The kinetic data fitted the Michaelis–Menten equation and enabled the obtainment of a rate constant for the catalytic reaction; this rate constant is among the highest obtained for this substrate with the use of dinuclear CuII complexes. DFT calculations discarded a bridging mode binding type of the substrate and suggested a mixed‐valence CuII/CuI complex intermediate, in which the spin electron density is mostly concentrated at one of the Cu atoms and at the organic ligand.  相似文献   

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