基于DIS数字化信息系统辅助测定重力加速度的研究

叙述了一种采用DIS数字化信息系统辅助测定重力加速度g的方法,通过实地测试可知,实验数据重复性好,精度高,方法简单可操作性强,若对系统的专用软件进行扩充编程,可使整套系统成为测定重力加速度实时显示的专用系统.     

用智能手机传感器测量重力加速度的新方法

利用智能手机内置的压力传感器和温度传感器设计了一个新实验.通过测量相对海拔高度与气压的关系,通过线性拟合获得重力加速度.这种新的实验方法无需额外装置,且实验过程简单易行.     

实验室里的传感器

实验室里的传感器刘秀梅，陶英伟（山东省菏泽教育学院物理系２７４００１６）在物理实验室里，我们经常需要用传感器将各种物理量转换成电文信号输出，以便于测试或用其来控制研究对象。有人将传感器比喻成“电五官”，有能感受光信息的光传感器．能感受声信息的声传感器...     

弹簧振子测量重力加速度的一种改进方案

以取消测量负载质量和弹簧劲度系数的理论优化作为出发点,结合弹簧振子模型以及arduino的超声波位移传感器模块,通过绘制负载振动波形图间接测量各地重力加速度的大小,并在此基础上进一步研究简谐振动的运动规律.     

利用声传感器开发数字实验

通过三个用声传感器设计的实验说明,只要合理利用传感器就可以开发出新颖的数字实验.     

基于差动电压传感器的杨氏模量实验改进

对传统使用霍尔传感器横梁弯曲法测量的杨氏模量实验进行了改进。针对原实验装置的不足,改用差动电压传感器测微小位移,利用单片机进行数据处理,解决了实验装置繁琐、数据处理复杂等问题,提高了实验的精确度,实现了物理实验装置的一体化和智能化。     

霍尔式微位移传感器与材料线膨胀系数的测定

线膨胀系数是材料的一个重要参数，准确而且简捷地对其进行测量，具有现实意义．本文将从霍尔式微位移传感器出发，提出一种新的线膨胀系数测量的方法．一、霍尔位移传感器工作原理霍尔元件置于磁场中，在一定电流的激励下就可以产生霍尔电势UH＝KIB如果保持霍尔元件的激励电流不变，而使其在一个均匀梯度的磁场中移动时，则输出的霍尔电势只决定于它在磁场中的位移量，据此，即可对微位移进行测量．均匀梯度磁场的产生机理如图1所示．选用两块相同的磁性材料（一般选用秋铁硼材料），磁极相对而放，两磁极之间留一空隙，霍尔元件水平放于…     

位移传感器仿真器设计

针对目前机载系统地面试验的要求,设计了一种简单、驱动能力强、通用性好的位移传感器仿真电路。运用模拟乘法器AD633完成基准载波信号幅度的调制,简化了硬件电路的复杂度;利用运算放大器的非线性反馈以及三极管的电流放大特性,大大提高了电路的带负载能力;使用基准电压和以及调节接口的设置提高了仿真电路的通用性。在某飞机飞行控制系统地面试验中的应用表明,该位移传感器仿真电路能够实现角位移传感器及线位移传感器信号的仿真,运行稳定、波形良好,有一定的推广意义。     

利用光纤传感器测量金属丝的杨氏模量

将反射式光纤位移传感器应用于杨氏模量测定仪,可以精确地测定金属丝杨氏模量。     

利用光纤传感器测定金属的线胀系数

将反射式光纤位移传感器应用于固体线膨胀系数测定仪,可以较精确地测定金属线胀系数.     

用光电门测自由落体加速度实验的改进

对利用光电门测重力加速度的方法做了改进,将工形挡光片改为T形挡光片,并对改进前后所获得的实验结果进行了比较;同时,通过实验还探究了挡光片的合理宽度范围,深入分析了挡光片宽度过小或过大产生的误差原因.     

Rotating vibratory system as an instrument for measuring low-frequency vibration and gravitational acceleration

To increase the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements in gravimetry and to measure low-frequency vibrations, a high-Q mechanical vibratory system rotating in a vertical plane with a constant angular velocity corresponding to the vibration resonance is proposed.     

The gravitational acceleration of antiprotons

We review the theoretical arguments and experimental evidence (both direct and indirect) for the conventional view that the gravitational acceleration of antimatter must be the same as that of matter. We find there is no compelling support for such a belief. Therefore, we propose to measure the gravitational acceleration of antiprotons using a beam extracted from the low-energy antiproton ring (LEAR) at CERN.This essay received the fifth award from the Gravity Research Foundation for the year 1985-Ed.     

Measurement of the gravitational acceleration of antihydrogen

The gravitational force acting on antiparticles has never been directly measured to date. A method for measuring the gravitational effects on antihydrogen by equilibrating the gravitational force with a magnetic gradient is discussed. The systematic and statistical errors inherent to the measurement will be presented. It will be shown that a measurement of gravity at 1% can be realised using ∼ 5 × 10⁵ antihydrogen atoms. The production of antihydrogen atoms in conditions suitable for the measurement is also discussed. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Measurement of free-fall acceleration in a stationary gravitational field

A simple method is proposed for the measurement of the fundamental kinematic characteristics of a particle falling freely in a stationary gravitational field near an observer whose world line is the trajectory of a group of motions. An expression is obtained for the observable acceleration on the world line of the observer, and some particular cases are considered. In the concluding section the results of a previous paper by the author are reviewed.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp, 7–13, April, 1977.     

Thermal noise limit in measuring the gravitational constant G using the angular acceleration method and the dynamic deflection method

A general comparison is made between two methods of measuring the gravitational constant G. The angular acceleration method can avoid the anelasticity effect since the torsion fiber is not twisted. The dynamic deflection method is similar in principle but it does not use feedback, therefore a major noise introduced by the feedback control system in the angular acceleration method can be avoided. Both methods have their advantages and can be performed with the same device. Based on different expressions of G, we have expressed the signal-to-noise ratio and calculated the thermal noise limit for both methods. In order to get a lower thermal noise limit, the dynamic deflection method should avoid resonance.     

Limitations of atom interferometry for gravitational wave observations in space

A paper published recently (Hogan et al. in Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 43:1953–2009, 2011) suggests the use of atom interferometry between satellites in Earth orbit to observe gravitational waves. The proposed altitude and satellite separation are about 1,000 and 30 km respectively. The difference in acceleration between clouds of ultracold atoms in atom interferometers near the two satellites would be detected by using laser beams between the interferometers. Because of the measurement path being very short compared with the million km or longer measurement path for a proposed laser interferometer gravitational wave antenna in space, the sensitivity to differential fluctuations in the laser phase as seen by the atoms in the two atom interferometers is very high. Problems introduced by this high sensitivity to spurious laser beam phase changes will be described in the first part of this paper. Then other limitations on the performance and on the suggested types of sources that could be observed will be discussed.     

Possible measurements of the gravitational acceleration with neutral antimatter

The interest in measuring the gravitational acceleration using neutral antimatter is discussed as well as the advantages compared with using charged antimatter, and a few possible experimental schemes are briefly discussed.