通过原子转移自由基聚合合成可光交联的聚苯乙烯接枝共聚物

聚苯乙烯(PS)在氯化锌(ZnCl_2)做催化剂下,通过氯甲基甲基醚氯甲基化反应,合成了氯甲基化聚苯乙烯(CMPS).在氯化亚铜/联二吡啶(CuCl/bpy)催化下,以CMPS为大分子引发剂引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸酯化查尔酮(MSPK)进行原子转移自由基聚合,成功合成了侧链含有查尔酮结构的光敏聚苯乙烯接枝共聚物(PSMM),所得聚合物结构经过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)得到确认,通过热重分析(TG)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)测试了该聚合物的热学性能.结果表明,该接枝共聚物具有较好的热学性能及良好的光敏性.     

侧基上带有C60基团的聚苯乙烯的合成

采用三步连续反应（氯甲基化，叠氮化，环加成反应），成功地将Ｃ６０引入聚苯乙烯的侧基上，并对每一步反应进行了较详细的讨论。     

白杨素肉桂酸酯及其衍生物的合成

选取肉桂酸衍生物和白杨素为原料,以1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐为缩合剂,4-二甲氨基吡啶为催化剂,二氯甲烷为溶剂,经Steglich酯化反应合成了14个白杨素肉桂酸酯（其中12个新化合物）,收率43.4%~95.1%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和LC-MS（ESI）表征。     

含肉桂酸酯基螺噁嗪的合成及性质研究

通过缩合法合成了含有肉桂酸酯基的双功能螺噁嗪类化合物,用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、碳谱和X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征.紫外-可见光谱研究结果表明:当用400 W高压汞灯照射后化合物在有机溶剂以及高分子膜中都表现出了很好的可逆光致变色性.化合物也显示出了酸致变色性能.此外着重研究了化合物酸致变色荧光性能以及在150 W氙灯照射前后的荧光光谱.加入酸后和光照前后荧光光谱的改变使其有望作为荧光分子开关、非破坏性数据的读取存储介质材料.     

肉桂酸酯的光合成

以浓硫酸为催化剂,肉桂酸与醇在300 W高压紫外汞灯光照下反应1 h,产率高于70%.     

肉桂酸苄酯的合成

以肉桂酸为原料,经两步反应合成肉桂酸苄酯。第一步将肉桂酸制成肉桂酰氯,第二步将肉桂酰氯与苄醇反应制得肉桂酸苄酯。结构经IR,^1H NMR和MS确证。制备肉桂酰氯的最佳反应条件为：肉桂酸240mmol,n(肉桂酸)：n(亚硫酰氯)=1．00：1．08,反应温度60℃,反应时间30min。制备肉桂酸苄酯的最佳反应条件为：肉桂酰氯230mmol,n(肉桂酰氯)：n(苄醇)=1．0：1．2,反应温度15℃～20℃,反应时间1．5h,产率在91％以上。     

一步法合成无规支化聚苯乙烯（ABPS）的研究

在无水ＺｎＣｌ２催化下，用ＳＯ２Ｃｌ２／ＣＨ２（ＯＣＨ３）２法对阴离子聚合所得到的窄分子量分布聚苯乙烯（Ｄ〈１．１０）进行氯甲基化反应，同时使生成的氯甲基化聚苯乙烯发生大分子间的Ｆｉｅｄｅｌ－Ｃｒａｆｔｓ反应，一步合成了结构明确的无规支化聚苯乙烯。     

制备氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球的新方法

使用Lewis酸催化剂, 用自制的氯甲基化试剂1,4-二氯甲氧基丁烷(BCMB), 在室温下对聚苯乙烯交联微球(白球)进行氯甲基化反应, 制得了氯含量接近17%的氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球(氯球); 通过红外光谱法与佛尔哈德分析法表征了产物的化学结构与组成; 考察了各种因素对氯甲基化反应过程的影响规律. 结果表明, 各种因素对白球氯甲基化过程的影响表现在两个方面: (1) 影响白球的氯甲基化程度; (2) 抑制或促进分子链之间通过Friedel-Crafts反应进一步交联, 影响微球的强度.     

四氯化锡催化合成肉桂酸酯

利用五水四氯化锡为催化剂,使肉桂酸与醇类发生酯化反应,合成了肉桂酸甲酯、肉桂酸乙酯、肉桂酸正丙酯、肉桂酸正丁酯、肉桂酸异丁酯、肉桂酸正戊酯和肉桂酸异戊酯,测定了各种酯的沸点(或熔点)、折射率、元素组成和红外光谱。     

聚苯乙烯基偶氮聚合物的合成研究

改进了聚苯乙烯的硝化、还原、重氮化和偶合反应路线 (NRDC) ,使每步反应都得到很高的产率 ,并利用大分子重氮盐 (MDS)分别与苯胺、N 烃基苯胺和酚等三类化合物偶合 ,得到相应的聚苯乙烯基偶氮聚合物 .核磁共振分析结果证明了产物的高偶联率 .通过对大分子重氮盐热稳定性的研究 ,发现偶合反应之后需要一步加热反应以消除残余重氮基团 .还研究了这些聚合物的紫外 可见吸收光谱性质 ,氨 (胺 )基偶氮产物的水溶液表现出了明显的pH敏感性     

Novel Photosensitive Polymer: Synthesis,Characterization and Thermal Properties of Polymer having Pendant Photocrosslinkable Group

New methacrylic monomer having free radical polymerizable methacryloyl group and photocrosslinkable functional group was synthesized by reacting hydroxyl chalcone with methacryloyl chloride. The monomer was homopolymerized in methyl ethyl ketone solvent using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator at 70°C. The prepared homopolymer was characterized by UV, FT‐IR, ¹H‐NMR and ¹³C‐NMR spectra. The molecular weights (M_w and M_n) were estimated by gel permeation chromatography. The thermal stability of the polymer was measured by thermogravimetric analysis. The glass transition temperature of the polymer was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The photocrosslinking property of the polymer was also studied.     

NIR Light-Induced ATRP for Synthesis of Block Copolymers Comprising UV-Absorbing Moieties

NIR exposure at 790 nm activated photopolymerization of monomers comprising UV-absorbing moieties by using [Cu^II/(TPMA)]Br₂ (TPMA=tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) in the ppm range and an alkyl bromide as initiator. Some of them comprised structural elements selected either from those showing proton transfer or photocycloaddition upon UV excitation. Polymers obtained comprise living end groups serving as macroinitiator for controlled synthesis of block copolymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. Chromatographic results indicated formation of block copolymers produced by this synthetic approach. Free-radical polymerization of monomers pursued for comparison exhibited the expected broader dispersity of molecular weight compared to photo-ATRP. Polymerization of these monomers by UV photo-ATRP failed on the contrary to NIR photo-ATRP demonstrating the UV-filter function of the monomers. This work conclusively provides a new approach for the polymerization of monomers comprising UV-absorbing moieties through photo-ATRP in the NIR region. This occurred in a simple and efficient pathway. However, studies also showed that not all monomers chosen successfully proceeded in the NIR photo-ATRP protocol.     

含氟偶氮苯光响应性聚合物的合成及性能

以1,2,3,4,5-五氟苯胺为原料, FeSO-4?7H2O负载的KMnO4为氧化剂, 制得全氟代偶氮苯, 在KOH作用下醇解, 进行丙烯酰化反应, 得到光响应性的功能单体4-甲基丙烯酰氧基九氟偶氮苯, 用GC-MS, 元素分析及NMR等方法对功能单体进行表征, 并研究了其光异构化性能. 以4-甲基丙烯酰氧基九氟偶氮苯(MANFAB)为功能单体, 与十字交联剂三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TRIM)在自由基引发下合成了光响应性的三维交联聚合物, 并研究了其光响应性质.     

苯甲酰基化聚苯乙烯的合成和表征

合成并表征了具有芳香酮侧链结构的苯甲酰基聚苯乙烯（BPS）,讨论了反应时间,温度,溶剂,催化剂用量及投料比对聚苯乙烯（PS）转化为BPS的转化率和交联反应的影响,结果表明,PS在合适条件下可转化成BPS,PS转化成BPS后其UV吸收强度明显增大,BPS在紫外光照射下发生降解,BPS中的羰基可以与某些肼反应生成腙。     

光响应偶氮苯类小分子凝胶因子的合成及性能

合成了3个系列各6类的偶氮苯衍生物1a~6a, 1b~6b和1c~6c. 凝胶性能测试结果表明, 这些化合物均能在多种极性或非极性有机溶剂中形成凝胶. 运用扫描电子显微镜和核磁共振波谱仪对代表性化合物4b形成的凝胶结构和成胶驱动力进行了分析. 化合物4a~4c形成的凝胶在紫外光和可见光照射下, 能够发生凝胶-溶胶的相互转化. 计算了溶剂和凝胶因子的梯氏参数, 利用梯氏三角图分析了凝胶测试结果, 发现凝胶因子在溶剂中的4种行为(溶液、 半凝胶、 凝胶和沉淀)分别分布在三角图的不同区域; 在凝胶区域, 溶剂与凝胶因子之间的距离反映了凝胶的热稳定性, 距离越远表示凝胶的热稳定性越好.     

Unprecedented Biodegradable Cellulose-Derived Polyesters with Pendant Citronellol Moieties: From Monomer Synthesis to Enzymatic Degradation

Levoglucosenone (LGO) is a cellulose-derived molecule that is present commercially on a multi-ton/year scale. Taking advantage of the α,β-conjugated ketone of LGO, a new citronellol-containing 5-membered lactone (HBO-citro) was synthesized through a one-pot two-step pathway involving oxa-Michael addition and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. The solvent-free treatment of HBO-citro with NaBH₄ at room temperature led to the full reduction of the lactone moiety which gave a novel fully renewable triol monomer having a citronellol side chain (Triol-citro). Noticeably, by simply changing the reducing agent, temperature and reaction duration, the partial reduction of HBO-citro can be achieved to yield a mixture of 5- and 6-membered Lactol-citro molecules. Triol-citro was chosen to prepare functional renewable polyesters having citronellol pendant chains via polycondensation reactions with diacyl chlorides having different chain lengths. Good thermal stability (T_d5% up to 170 °C) and low glass transition temperatures (as low as −42 °C) were registered for the polyesters obtained. The polymers were then hydrolyzed using a commercial lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (Lipopan^® 50 BG) to assess their biodegradability. A higher degradation profile was found for the polyesters prepared using co-monomers (acyl chlorides) having longer chain lengths. This is likely due to the decreased steric hindrance around the ester bonds which allowed enhanced accessibility of the enzyme.     

Random Copolymers of Styrene with Pendant Fluorophore Moieties: Synthesis and Applications as Fluorescence Sensors for Nitroaromatics

Five random copolymers comprising styrene and styrene with pendant fluorophore moieties, namely pyrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and triphenylamine, in molar ratios of 10:1, were synthesized and employed as fluorescent sensors. Their photophysical properties were investigated using absorption and emission spectral analyses in dichloromethane solution and in solid state. All copolymers possessed relative quantum yields up to 0.3 in solution and absolute quantum yields up to 0.93 in solid state, depending on their fluorophore components. Fluorescence studies showed that the emission of these copolymers is highly sensitive towards various nitroaromatic compounds, both in solution and in the vapor phase. The detection limits of these fluorophores for nitroaromatic compounds in dichloromethane solution proved to be in the range of 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁷ mol/L. The sensor materials for new hand-made sniffers based on these fluorophores were prepared by electrospinning and applied for the reliable detection of nitrobenzene vapors at 1 ppm in less than 5 min.     

Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Polyamide Complex Containing Bithiazole Moieties

A new polyamide containing bithiazole moieties （PTA） was synthesized by the polycondensation of 2, 2＇-diamino-4, 4＇-bithiazole （DABT） and oxalyl chloride. The polymer complex was prepared from PTA and NdC13 in DMSO. They were characterized through IR and elemental analysis. The preliminary magnetic properties of the complex PTA-Nd^3＋ was investigated, it was found that the material is a ferromagnet at low temperature.     

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Polyimides Bearing Sulfonated Benzimidazole Pendant Groups

A new diamine monomer containing benzimidazole‐5‐sulfonic acid has been synthesised. It has been reacted, alone or mixed with diaminodiphenyl ether, with naphthalenic dianhydride to attain polynaphthalimides in which the sulfonic acid functionality is borne by pendant benzimidazole groups. The presence of sulfonic and benzimidazole groups greatly affected the physical properties of the polyimides as the novel polymers were found to be soluble in polar organic solvents and exhibited a lower thermal resistance than their non‐sulfonated counterparts. The polymer films exhibited good mechanical properties with tensile strength in the range 100–120 MPa and with moduli in the range 2.2–3.1 GPa. Sulfonic and benzimidazole groups significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity of the copolyimides, which showed water uptake up to 39%.