An example of a locally unsolvable differential equation of quasiprincipal type with a real-valued weighted principal symbol

In this note we show that the equation $$ - \left\{ {\left( {\frac{1}{i}\frac{\partial }{{\partial x_1 }}} \right)^3 + \left( {\frac{1}{i}\frac{\partial }{{\partial x_2 }}} \right)^2 + 6i\left( {\frac{1}{i}\frac{\partial }{{\partial x_1 }}} \right)\left( {\frac{1}{i}\frac{\partial }{{\partial x_2 }}} \right)x_1 } \right\}u = f$$ is locally unsolvable at the origin of the coordinate system. This equation belongs to the class that generalizes the principal type to the case of weighted derivatives. The example is interesting because the weighted principal symbol is real (in this situation, equations of principal type are solvable) but the unsolvability depends on the behavior of the lower-order terms in a neighborhood of the zeros of the weighted principal symbol.     

THE GENERALIZED RIEMANN-HILBERT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR A SYSTEM OF SECOND ORDER QUASI-LINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

In this paper, we consider the generalized Riemann-Hilberij problem for second order quasi-linear elliptic complex equation \[\begin{array}{l} \frac{{{\partial ^2}w}}{{\partial {{\bar z}^2}}} + {q_1}(z,w,\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}},\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial z}})\frac{{{\partial ^2}w}}{{\partial {z^2}}} + {q_2}(z,w,\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}},\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial z}})\frac{{{\partial ^2}\bar w}}{{\partial z\partial \bar z}}\{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} + {q_3}(z,w,\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}},\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial z}})\frac{{{\partial ^2}w}}{{\partial z\partial \bar z}} + {q_4}(z,w,\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}},\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial z}})\frac{{{\partial ^2}\bar w}}{{\partial z\partial \bar z}}{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} (1)\{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} + \gamma (z,w,\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}},\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial z}}),z \in G \end{array}\] satifying the boundary condition \[{\mathop{\rm Re}\nolimits} \left[ {{{\bar \lambda }_1}(z)\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}}} \right] = {\gamma _1}(z),{\mathop{\rm Re}\nolimits} \left[ {{{\bar \lambda }_2}(z)\frac{{\partial w}}{{\partial \bar z}}} \right] = {\gamma _2}(z),z \in \gamma {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} (2)\] Many authors (see that papers 1, 4-6) have studied the Diriohlet problem and Riemann-Hilbert problem for linear elliptic complex equation. In our papers 2, 3 we also considered the generalized Riemann-Hilbert problem of the general second order linear elliptic complex equation. We obtained the existence theorem, the explicit form of generalized solution and the sufficient and necessary conditions for the solvability of the above mentioned boundary value problem. Based on these results and applying the property of the introduced integral operators and Schauder's fixed-point principle, it can be proved that the analogous deductions in 3 also hold for the generalized Riemann-Hilber problem (1), (2) of the quasi-linear complex equation, i, e., we have the following theorem: Theorem, If the coefficients of second order quasi-linear elliptic complex equation (1) satifies some conditions then i) When index \({n_1} \ge 0,{n_2} \ge 0\), the boundary value problem (1), (2) is always solvable and the solution depends on 2 \(2({n_1} + {n_2} + 1)\) arbitrary real constants. ii) When index \({n_1} \ge 0,{n_2} < 0{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} (or{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {n_1} < 0,{n_2} \ge 0{\kern 1pt} )\), the sufficient and necessary condition for the solvability of the above mentioned boundary value problem (1),(2) consists of \( - 2{n_2} - 1{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} ( - 2n, - 1)\) real equalities, if and only if the equalities are satisfied, the boundary value problem is solvable and the solution depends on \(2{n_1} + 1{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} (2{n_2} + 1)\) arbitrary real constants. iii)When index \({n_1} < 0,{n_2} < 0\), the sufficient and necessary condition for the solvability of the above mentioned boundary value problem (1) , (2) consists of \( - 2({n_1} + {n_2} + 1)\) real equalities, if and only if the equalitieis are satisfied, the boundary-value problem is solvable. Finally, in the similar way, we may farther extend the result to the case of the nonlinear uniform elliptic complex equation.     

An optimization algorithm for the pile driver problem

In this paper we present the analysis of an algorithm of Uzawa type to compute solutions of the quasi variational inequality $$\begin{gathered} (QVI)\left( {\frac{{\partial ^2 u}}{{\partial t^2 }},\upsilon - \frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial x}},\frac{{\partial \upsilon }}{{\partial x}} - \frac{{\partial ^2 u}}{{\partial x\partial t}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{\partial ^2 u}}{{\partial x\partial t}},\frac{{\partial \upsilon }}{{\partial x}} - \frac{{\partial ^2 u}}{{\partial x\partial t}}} \right) + \hfill \\ + \left[ {u(1,t) + \frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}(1,t)} \right]\left[ {\upsilon (1) - \frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}(1,t)} \right] + J(u;\upsilon ) - J\left( {u;\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}} \right) \geqslant \hfill \\ \geqslant \left( {f,\upsilon - \frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}} \right) + F(t)\left[ {\upsilon (0) - \frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial t}}(0,t)} \right],t > 0,\forall \upsilon \in H^1 (0,1), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ which is a model for the dynamics of a pile driven into the ground under the action of a pile hammer. In (QVI) (...) is the scalar product inL ²(0, 1) andJ(u;.) is a convex functional onH ¹(0, 1), for eachu, describing the soil-pile friction effect.     

TIME OPTIMAL BOUNDARY CONTROL FOR SYSTEMS GOVERNED BY PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

In this paper we consider the systems governed, by parabolioc equations \[\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial t}} = \sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {\frac{\partial }{{\partial {x_i}}}} ({a_{ij}}(x,t)\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial {x_j}}}) - ay + f(x,t)\] subject to the boundary control \[\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial {\nu _A}}}{|_\sum } = u(x,t)\] with the initial condition \[y(x,0) = {y_0}(x)\] We suppose that U is a compact set but may not be convex in \[{H^{ - \frac{1}{2}}}(\Gamma )\], Given \[{y_1}( \cdot ) \in {L^2}(\Omega )\] and d>0, the time optimal control problem requiers to find the control \[u( \cdot ,t) \in U\] for steering the initial state {y_0}( \cdot )\] the final state \[\left\| {{y_1}( \cdot ) - y( \cdot ,t)} \right\| \le d\] in a minimum, time. The following maximum principle is proved: Theorem. If \[{u^*}(x,t)\] is the optimal control and \[{t^*}\] the optimal time, then there is a solution to the equation \[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} { - \frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial t}} = \sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {\frac{\partial }{{\partial {x_i}}}({a_{ji}}(x,t)\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial {x_j}}}) - \alpha p,} }\{\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial {\nu _{{A^'}}}}}{|_\sum } = 0} \end{array}} \right.\] with the final condition \[p(x,{t^*}) = {y^*}(x,{t^*}) - {y_1}(x)\], such that \[\int_\Gamma {p(x,t){u^*}} (x,t)d\Gamma = \mathop {\max }\limits_{u( \cdot ) \in U} \int_\Gamma {p(x,t)u(x)d\Gamma } \]     

广义Greiner算子的几类Hardy型不等式

对构成广义Greiner算子的向量场$X_j = \frac{\partial }{\partial x_j} + 2ky_j \vert z\vert ^{2k - 2}\frac{\partial }{\partialt}$, $Y_j = \frac{\partial }{\partial y_j } - 2kx_j \vert z\vert^{2k - 2}\frac{\partial }{\partial t}$, j = 1,... ,n, x,y∈ Rⁿ, $z = x + \sqrt { - 1} \,y$, t ∈ R, k ≥1, 得到了拟球域内和拟球域外的Hardy型不等式;建立了广义Picone型恒等式,并由此导出比文献[3]更一般的全空间上的Hardy型不等式;并在$p = 2$时建立了具最佳常数的Hardy型不等式.     

Γ-Convergence of some super quadratic functionals with singular weights

We study the Γ-convergence of the following functional (p > 2)

Construction of a solution of a mixed problem for the generalized heat conduction equation by the fourier method

By the Fourier method a solution of the equation

Positive Solutions of Nonuniformly Elliptic Equations with Weighted Convex-Concave Nonlinearity

Mathematical Notes - The paper contains the proof of the existence of two different positive solutions of the problem $$\frac{\partial}{\partial z_i}\biggl(a_{ij}(z) \frac{\partial u}{\partial...     

NONLINEAR BOUNDARY PROBLEMS WITH NONLOCAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

By means of the supersolution and subsolution method and monotone iteration technique, the following nonlinear elliptic boundary problem with the nonlocal boundary conditions is considerd. The sufficient conditions which ensure at least one solution are given. Furthermore, the estimate of the first nonzero eigenvalue for the following linear eigenproblem is obtained, that is λ_1≥2α/(nd~2).     

Evans functions and bifurcations of standing wave solutions in delayed synaptically coupled neuronal networks

Consider the following nonlinear singularly perturbed system of integral differential equations &amp;\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+f(u)+w\\ =&amp;(\alpha-au)\int^{\infty}_0\xi(c)\left[\int_{\mathbb R}K(x-y) H\left(u\left(y,t-\frac1c|x-y|\right)-\theta\right){\rm d}y\right]{\rm d}c\\ &amp;+(\beta-bu)\int^{\infty}_0\eta(\tau)\left[\int_{\mathbb R}W(x-y)H\big(u(y,t-\tau)-\Theta\big){\rm d}y\right]{\rm d}\tau,\\ &amp;\frac{\partial w}{\partial t}=\varepsilon[g(u)-w], and the scalar integral differential equation &amp;\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+f(u)\\ =&amp;(\alpha-a u)\int^{\infty}_0\xi(c)\left[\int_{\mathbb R}K(x-y) H\left(u\left(y,t-\frac1c|x-y|\right)-\theta\right){\rm d}y\right]{\rm d}c\\ &amp;+(\beta-bu)\int^{\infty}_0\eta(\tau)\left[\int_{\mathbb R}W(x-y)H\big(u(y,t-\tau)-\Theta\big){\rm d}y\right]{\rm d}\tau. There exist standing wave solutions to the nonlinear system. Similarly, there exist standing wave solutions to the scalar equation. The author constructs Evans functions to establish stability of the standing wave solutions of the scalar equation and to establish bifurcations of the standing wave solutions of the nonlinear system.     

Homogenization for Degenerate Quasilinear Parabolic Equations of Second Order

In this paper we study the homogenization of degenerate quasilinear parabolic equations: where a(t, y, a, λ) is periodic in (t, y).     

On a semilinear double fractional heat equation driven by fractional Brownian sheet

In this paper, we consider the stochastic heat equation of the form $$\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}=(\Delta_\alpha+\Delta_\beta)u+\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}(t,x,u)+\frac{\partial^2W}{\partial t\partial x},$$ where $1<\beta<\alpha< 2$, $W(t,x)$ is a fractional Brownian sheet, $\Delta_\theta:=-(-\Delta)^{\theta/2}$ denotes the fractional Lapalacian operator and $f:[0,T]\times \mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a nonlinear measurable function. We introduce the existence, uniqueness and H\"older regularity of the solution. As a related question, we consider also a large deviation principle associated with the above equation with a small perturbation via an equivalence relationship between Laplace principle and large deviation principle.     

On the Growth Properties of Solutions for a Generalized Bi-Axially Symmetric Schr\"{o}dinger Equation

In this paper, we have considered the generalized bi-axially symmetric Schr\"{o}dinger equation $$\frac{\partial^2\varphi}{\partial x^2}+\frac{\partial^2\varphi}{\partial y^2} + \frac{2\nu} {x}\frac{\partial \varphi} {\partial x} + \frac{2\mu} {y}\frac{\partial \varphi} {\partial y} + \{K^2-V(r)\} \varphi=0,$$ where $\mu,\nu\ge 0$, and $rV(r)$ is an entire function of $r=+(x^2+y^2)^{1/2}$ corresponding to a scattering potential $V(r)$. Growth parameters of entire function solutions in terms of their expansion coefficients, which are analogous to the formulas for order and type occurring in classical function theory, have been obtained. Our results are applicable for the scattering of particles in quantum mechanics.     

Multiplicity of Solutions to Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem with Nonlocal Boundary Condition

In this paper the author considers the following nonlinear boundary value problem with nonlocal boundary conditions $[\left\{ \begin{array}{l} Lu \equiv - \sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {\frac{\partial }{{\partial {x_i}}}({a_{ij}}(x)\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial {x_j}}}) = f(x,u,t)} \u{|_\Gamma } = const, - \int_\Gamma {\sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {{a_{ij}}\frac{{\partial u}}{{\partial {x_j}}}\cos (n,{x_i})ds = 0} } \end{array} \right.\]$ Under suitable assumptions on f it is proved that there exists $t_0\in R,-\infinityt_0, at least one solution at t=t_0 at least two solutions as t相似文献   

A remark on global existence of solutions of shadow systems

Let Ω be an open, bounded domain in \mathbbRⁿ  (n ? \mathbbN){\mathbb{R}^n\;(n \in \mathbb{N})} with smooth boundary ∂Ω. Let p, q, r, d ₁, τ be positive real numbers and s be a non-negative number which satisfies 0 < \fracp-1r < \fracqs+1{0 < \frac{p-1}{r} < \frac{q}{s+1}}. We consider the shadow system of the well-known Gierer–Meinhardt system:

On the blowup of solutions of the Cauchy problem for nonlinear equations of ferroelectricity theory

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics - We study two Cauchy problems for nonlinear equations of the Sobolev type, of the form $$ \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\frac{\partial^2u}{\partial x_3^2} +...     

The Minimal Process Generated by a Differential Operator of the Second Order in R^n

For a differential operator $\Omega u=\sum\limits_i,j=1^n \frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}(a_ij(x)\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_j})+\sum\limits_{i=1}^n b_i(x)\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_i}+c(x)u$ with unbounded coefficients in R^n, a standard continuous paths process with infinitesimal operator \Omega has been constructed in this paper, and the invariance of such process under a transformation group of phase space has been discussed.     

Exact solutions for Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction-diffusion system

Abstract. We consider the following simplified model for the Belousou-Zhabotinskii(B-Z)reaction:     

The study of boundary-value problems for a singular <Emphasis Type="Italic">B</Emphasis>-elliptic equation by the method of potentials

In this paper we apply the method of potentials for studying the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary-value problems for a B-elliptic equation in the form

On Inversion Of Bessel Potentials Associated With The Laplace–Bessel Differential Operator

Explicit inversion formulas of Balakrishnan–Rubin type and a characterization of Bessel potentials associated with the Laplace–Bessel differential operator are obtained. As an auxiliary tool the B-metaharmonic semigroup is introduced and some of its properties are investigated.