2D NMR与分子力学计算研究带RF长链麦芽糖的溶液构象

本文研究带R_F长链的麦芽糖在DMSO中的溶液构象。从一系列NOESY谱算得8对H-H之间的距离。分子力学计算中,根据能量最低原则,算得φ_OC1'OC4角为89.4°,中φ_OC6C5O(及φ_OC6'C5'O角)角为-177.2°时的构象最为稳定,从这一稳定构象读得的相应8对H-H间的距离与NOESY的结果符合。     

氘代溶剂对丙烯酰胺溶剂化作用的NMR研究

用¹H NMR谱研究了丙烯酰胺（AM）分别在氘代氯仿（CDCl₃）和氘代二甲基亚砜（DMSO-d₆）溶剂以及在不同比率的混合溶剂中,AM的烯键C上的反式两个质子的谱峰位置开始相向移动,重叠,后又反向交错以致形成“类似镜像”的现象,用溶剂化作用讨论了成因;混合溶剂中,随着DMSO-d₆摩尔分数的增加,－NH₂质子和溶剂残余水质子的化学位移逐渐都向低场移动,这与－NH₂和DMSO之间形成氢键,－NH₂和水质子之间既有氢键生成又有质子交换有关.     

一维NOE NMR 技术用于蒂巴因衍生物的立体结构研究

基于高效镇痛剂双氢埃托啡游离碱,对蒂巴因衍生物的立体化学结构的NMR 测定方法进行了研究．结果表明,采用多频率位移选择激发一维NOESY(1D NOESY)和二维NMR(2D NMR)相结合的方法,可有效解决该类化合物¹H 和¹³C NMR 谱复杂重叠的信号归属困难的问题．同时在阐明溶液构象的基础上,提出采用一维NOE(1D NOE)测定C-7和差向异构体的新方法．该方法简单、有效、不受样品浓度影响和杂质信号干扰,结果可靠,不需要标准品对照等优点．该结果有助于此类化合物的立体结构与生物活性关系的研究．     

季铵盐型双子表面活性剂16-4-16聚集状态的NMR研究

核磁共振弛豫，自扩散以及2D NOESY谱研究结果表明：双子表面活性剂16-4-16溶液在形成胶束的过程中，联结基团及其邻近的碳氢链质子形成胶束的壳层，而距离离子头较远的疏水质子位于胶束的内部. 与对应的单链的表面活性剂CTAB相比，其分子运动更受限制. 2D NOESY谱显示联接基团及临近的碳氢链的质子间有较强的交叉峰，表明形成胶束时，分子在联结基团附近堆积的较为紧密. 由2D NOESY谱计算得到的质子间距与HYPERCHEM模拟值有偏差，表明这些强交叉峰是分子间相互作用的结果，并且对应质子对在双子表面活性剂16-4-16分子中位于邻近的区域. 因此我们推测，双子表面活性剂16-4-16分子在球形胶束中形成特殊的排列方式.     

测定核间距的不对称2D NOESY方法——1.从不对称2D NOESY峰强度求取完整的混合系数矩阵

本文提出不对称2D NOESY实验方法来测定完整的2D NOESY混合系数矩阵。理论研究表明,不对称2D NOESY实验信澡比要比传统2D NOESY的高,不对称2D NOESY峰强度矩阵是非对称的,因此可以只用不对称2D NOESY的非对角峰强度来求得完整的2D NOESY混合系数矩阵,避免测量大分子等复杂自旋系统的严重重叠的对角峰强度所引起的困难,而这是传统2D NOESY实验方法所无法作到的。本文最后应用数值模拟方法对理论研究结果进行了计算验证。     

测定核间距的不对称2D NOESY方法——1.从不对称2D NOESY峰强度求取完整的混合系数矩阵

本文提出不对称2D NOESY实验方法来测定完整的2D NOESY混合系数矩阵。理论研究表明,不对称2D NOESY实验信澡比要比传统2D NOESY的高,不对称2D NOESY峰强度矩阵是非对称的,因此可以只用不对称2D NOESY的非对角峰强度来求得完整的2D NOESY混合系数矩阵,避免测量大分子等复杂自旋系统的严重重叠的对角峰强度所引起的困难,而这是传统2D NOESY实验方法所无法作到的。本文最后应用数值模拟方法对理论研究结果进行了计算验证。     

南蛇藤中倍半萜生物碱的二维NMR研究

用DEPT和二维NMR技术包括:¹H-¹H COSY,¹H-¹³C COSY,NOESY,特别是¹H-¹³C COLOC对两个多酯基取代的倍半萜生物碱的化学及立体结构进行了研究,并对其¹H和¹³C NMR谱峰进行了归属。     

三维NMR谱

３ＤＮＭＲ谱是２ＤＮＭＲ谱附加一个时间周期扩展而成，３ＤＮＭＲ共振峰的重叠降低，并且灵敏度与常规的２ＤＮＯＥＳＹ实验大体相当，采集３ＤＮＭＲ数据组所需时间太长，因此迄今为止，该方法的实际应用只局限于那些浓度相当高的样品。尽管目前还十分费时，但很可能３ＤＮＭＲ不久即可成为常规的ＮＭＲ技术。     

利用2D NMR研究贝壳杉烷新化合物的化学结构

我们从菊科莶属植物腺梗莶Siegesbeckia Pubescens Makino的地上部分分离到一个新的天然产物17-isobuthyloxy-18-hydroxy-kauran-19-cioacid.本文主要报道用¹H-¹H COSY,¹³C-¹H COSY,NOESY,HMBC,HMQC等技术确定其结构并归属其质子和碳的化学位移.同时用NOESY确定其相对构型.用HMBC确定酰基碳与隔氧相连的碳原子上的氢相关,从而确定酰基的连接位直,也可用于解决其它基团的准确连接位置.     

Polar Fourier transforms of radially sampled NMR data

Radial sampling of the NMR time domain has recently been introduced to speed up data collection significantly. Here, we show that radially sampled data can be processed directly using Fourier transforms in polar coordinates. We present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the discrete polar Fourier transform, and derive the consequences of its application to radially sampled data using linear response theory. With adequate sampling, the resulting spectrum using a polar Fourier transform is indistinguishable from conventionally processed spectra with Cartesian sampling. In the case of undersampling in azimuth--the condition that provides significant savings in measurement time-the correct spectrum is still produced, but with limited distortion of the baseline away from the peaks, taking the form of a summation of high-order Bessel functions. Finally, we describe an intrinsic connection between the polar Fourier transform and the filtered backprojection method that has recently been introduced to process projection-reconstruction NOESY data. Direct polar Fourier transformation holds great potential for producing quantitatively accurate spectra from radially sampled NMR data.     

玉米秸秆常压催化液化及产物分析

以玉米秸秆粉末为原料,浓磷酸为反应催化剂,选取多种有机溶剂为液化剂,170 ℃的条件下,在高压反应釜中制备秸秆生物质油。考察了三乙酸甘油酯复配碳酸乙烯酯、甘油复配碳酸乙烯酯以及聚乙二醇复配碳酸乙烯酯(均为6∶1ω/ω)三种不同的混合液化剂对液化得率和生物质油产品性能的影响。采用气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析秸秆生物质油的化学组成;傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)分析原料和液化残渣的主要官能团。实验结果表明聚乙二醇与碳酸乙烯酯混合溶剂液化时,秸秆生物质油得率为97.84%,三乙酸甘油酯与碳酸乙烯酯混合液化时得率为80.20%,甘油与碳酸乙烯酯混合液化时得率为36.97%。FTIR分析结果表明,以聚乙二醇与碳酸乙烯酯混合溶剂为液化剂,秸秆中纤维素、半纤维素和木素的特征官能团几乎全部消失,液化效果最好。GC-MS分析结果表明,生物质油的成分复杂,主要包括有机酸和酮类、醇和醚类、芳香类、糖类和酯类等化合物。     

Automatic assignment of NOESY cross peaks and determination of the protein structure of a new world scorpion neurotoxin using NOAH/DIAMOD

The 3D NMR structures of the scorpion neurotoxin, CsE-v5, were determined from the same NOESY spectra with NOAH/DIAMOD, an automated assignment and 3D structure calculation software package, and with a conventional manual assignment combined with a distance geometry/simulated annealing (X-PLOR) refinement method. The NOESY assignments and the 3D structures obtained from the two independent methods were compared in detail. The NOAH/DIAMOD program suite uses feedback filtering and self-correcting distance geometry methods to automatically assign NOESY spectra and to calculate the 3D structure of a protein. NOESY cross peaks were automatically picked using a standard software package and combined with 74 manually assigned NOESY peaks to start the NOAH/DIAMOD calculations. After 63 NOAH/DIAMOD cycles, using REDAC procedures in the last 8 cycles, and final FANTOM constrained energy minimization, a bundle of 20 structures with the smallest target functions has a RMSD of 0.81 A for backbone atoms and 1.11 A for all heavy atoms to the mean structure. Despite some missing chemical shifts of side chain protons, 776 (including 74 manually assigned) of 1130 NOE peaks were unambiguously assigned, 150 peaks have more than one possible assignment compatible with the bundle structures, and only 30 peaks could not be assigned within the given chemical shift tolerance ranges in either the D1 or the D2 dimension. The remaining 174, mainly weak NOE peaks were not compatible with the final 20 best bundle structures at the last NOAH/DIAMOD cycle. The automatically determined structures agree well with the structures determined independently using the conventional method and the same NMR spectra, with the mean RMSD in well-defined regions of 0.84 A for bb and 1.48 A for all heavy atoms from residues 2-5, 18-26, 32-36, and 39-45. This study demonstrates the potential of the NOAH/DIAMOD program suite to automatically assign NMR data for proteins and determine their structure.     

Al coordination and water speciation in hydrous aluminosilicate glasses: direct evidence from high-resolution heteronuclear 1H-27Al correlation NMR

In order to shed light on the dissolution mechanisms of water in depolymerized aluminosilicate melts/glasses, a comprehensive one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR study has been carried out on hydrous Ca- and Mg-aluminosilicate glasses of a haplobasaltic composition. The applied techniques include 1D 1H MAS NMR and 27Al-->1H cross-polarization (CP) MAS NMR, and 2D 1H NOESY and double-quantum (DQ) MAS NMR, 27Al triple-quantum (3Q) MAS NMR and 27Al-->1H heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) and 3QMAS/HETCOR NMR. Ab initio calculations were also performed to place additional constraints on the 1H NMR characteristics of AlOH and Si(OH)Al groups. This study has revealed, for the first time, the presence of free OH (i.e. (Ca, Mg)OH), SiOH and AlOH species, in addition to molecular H2O, in hydrous glasses of a depolymerized aluminosilicate composition. The AlOH groups are mostly associated with four-coordinate Al, but some are associated with five- and six-coordinate Al.     

Fiber-optic sensor based on evanescent wave absorbance around 2.7 μm for determining water content in polar organic solvents

The feasibility of sapphire fiber-optic sensors based on evanescent wave absorption spectroscopy in the infrared range for quantitative determination of water content in polar organic solvents has been investigated. Evanescent wave absorption spectra of sapphire fiber-optic sensors in glycerol, ethanol, and glycol with different water concentrations obtained and analyzed, respectively. Evanescent absorbance of the sensors in those organic solvents has been utilized to implement for in situ monitoring water concentration in organic solvents. The evanescent absorbance of sensors in glycerol and glycol has been found to vary linearly with water content in the range 0–30 % and in ethanol in the range 0–10 %, respectively. The fiber-optic sensors based on evanescent absorbance for monitoring water concentrations in those organic solvents are acceptably accurate, cost-effective, and reliable. Some methods to improve the accuracy of predicated water content in those organic solvents are also suggested. Overall, the results demonstrate that the sapphire fiber-optic sensor based on evanescent absorption spectroscopy is a promising candidate for prediction of water content in polar organic solvents in on-line and remote situation.     

新药替尼泊苷的碳氢NMR信号全归属

替尼泊苷是从北美鬼臼或西藏鬼臼提取到的鬼臼树脂,经化学成分分离得到鬼臼毒素通过半合成方法获得的衍生物,是一种周期特异性细胞毒药物.作为一种抗肿瘤药物,替尼泊苷已逐渐成为治疗颅内恶性肿瘤的主要化疗药物.本文应用1D NMR和2D NMR实验技术（COSY,NOESY,TOCOSY,gHSQC,gHMBC）研究了其结构,并对其¹H NMR、¹³C NMR谱信号进行了全归属.     

新药硫酸头孢匹罗的NMR研究

应用1D NMR、2D NMR （COSY、HMQC、HMBC、NOESY）及脉冲梯度场2D NMR技术[gHSQC（¹H-¹⁵N）、gHMBC（¹H-¹⁵N）]深入研究了第四代新型超广谱头孢菌素类抗生素硫酸头孢匹罗的结构,并首次对其¹H NMR、¹³C NMR谱和¹⁵N NMR谱的信号进行了全归属,通过NOESY实验对其立体结构提供有力依据.     

Multidimensional dipolar exchange-assisted recoupling measurements in solid-state NMR

Aseries of uni- and multidimensional variants of the dipolar exchange-assisted recoupling (DEAR) NMR experiment is described and applied to determinations of (13)C-(14)N dipolar local field spectra in amino acids and dipeptides. The DEAR protocol recouples nearby nuclei by relying on differences in their relative rates of longitudinal relaxation, and has the potential to give quantitative geometric results without requiring radiofrequency pulsing on both members of a coupled spin pair. One- and two-dimensional variants of this recoupling strategy on generic I-S pairs are discussed, and measurements of (13)C-(14)N distances and 2D local field experiments sensitive to the relative orientation of CN vectors with respect to the (13)C shielding tensor are presented. Since these measurements did not involve pulsing on the broad nitrogen resonance, their results were independent of the quadrupolar parameters of this nucleus. High-resolution 3D NMR versions of the 2D experiments were also implemented in order to separate their resulting local field patterns according to the isotropic shifts of inequivalent (13)C sites. These high-resolution 3D acquisitions involved collecting a series of 2D DEAR NMR data sets on rotating samples as a function of spinning angle, and then subjecting the resulting data to a processing akin to that involved in variable-angle correlation NMR. Once successfully tested on l-alanine this experiment was applied to the analysis of a series of dipeptides, allowing us to extract separate local field (13)C-(14)N spectra from this type of multisite systems.     

Dictamdiol的1H NMR 和13C NMR数据全归属

通过二维核磁技术,尤其是HMBC、HMQC和NOESY实验对一个从白鲜皮中分离得到的柠檬苦素类化合物-dictamdiol的¹H NMR 和¹³C NMR数据进行了全归属,并对文献中归属的错误进行了纠正.     

盐酸马尼地平的核磁共振数据解析

盐酸马尼地平是第三代合成降压新药．本文利用一维、二维核磁共振（NMR）技术,包括¹H NMR、¹³C NMR DEPT-135、¹H-¹H NOESY、¹H-¹H COSY、¹H-¹³C HSQC和¹H-¹³C HMBC,对其¹H和¹³C NMR信号进行了全归属,进一步确证了其分子结构．同时,对其¹H NMR和¹³C NMR谱中一些异常信号进行了讨论．