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多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)和多孔阳极氧化钛纳米管(PATNT)的结构调控近年来倍受关注. 在形成机理尚不清楚的情况下, 对PAA和PATNT的结构调控很难避免盲目性. 为验证“氧气气泡模具”可以形成纳米孔道这个新观点, 本文采用化学方法对PAA的结构进行调控, 成功地引入了一种还原剂来吸收纳米孔道中的氧气气泡. 在添加还原剂的草酸溶液中得到了一种特殊的阳极氧化铝膜. 研究了还原剂的含量对磷酸溶液中形成PAA孔道结构的影响, 结果表明随着还原剂含量的增加, PAA的孔道直径逐渐减小, 有序性降低. 对比了添加还原剂前后阳极氧化过程的电压-时间曲线的差异, 结果表明, 在含有还原剂溶液中制备的阳极氧化铝膜的导电性明显提高. 在密封的条件下, 还原剂能吸收掉孔道中的氧气, 使气泡模具效应消失, 得到完全的致密型氧化膜. 这些实验事实充分证明PAA中有序孔道的形成是氧气气泡模具效应的结果. 相似文献
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《化学进展》2016,(Z2)
阳极氧化法制备的TiO_2纳米管因其独特的结构和优异的性能在多个领域获得广泛应用。阳极氧化TiO_2的生长机理也成为本领域的研究热点,最近几年有关生长机理的文章屡见报端。本文从两种阳极氧化钛膜对比的角度,综述了阳极氧化钛纳米管生长机理的最新研究进展和研究意义。首先介绍了Ti的阳极氧化过程,综述了两种阳极氧化钛膜(致密膜和多孔膜)的区别和联系。随后阐述了TiO_2纳米管的形成过程,重点综述了TiO_2纳米管的几种生长机理。分析表明,传统的"场致溶解"理论在解释纳米管结构和形成过程时存在很多局限性,而黏性流动模型和两电流模型相结合能较全面地解释TiO_2纳米管的形成过程,但电子电流的产生机制和纳米孔道中的氧气气泡还有待进一步的实验验证。 相似文献
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阳极氧化法不仅能够简便地制备出阀金属氧化物纳米管,而且通过调节各种参数可以调控所制备纳米管的形貌.阳极氧化法制备的纳米管具有优异的化学/物理性能,在众多领域都得到了广泛应用.本文综述了阳极氧化法制备纳米管膜的基本过程以及三种常见的模型,并以三种具有代表性的阀金属(Al、Ti、Zr)为例,分别介绍了它们形成多孔膜反应过程和常用的制备过程,同时也介绍了其他阀金属及其合金的制备方案.最后,结合对Al、Ti、Zr的实验过程,讨论、分析了电压大小、电解液种类、电解液浓度、反应时间等控制因素对阳极氧化法制备纳米管膜形貌的影响,对制备形貌规整的多孔膜,提高多孔膜在实际应用中的性能具有一定的意义. 相似文献
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二次阳极氧化方法制备有序多孔氧化铝膜 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过二次阳极氧化方法制备多孔氧化铝膜与一次阳极氧化方法制备多孔氧化铝膜孔排布规律性的对比,结果发现,二次阳极氧化方法制取的多孔氧化铝膜孔排布规律性明显好于一次阳极氧化法制取的多孔膜.在几个微米范围内,孔呈理想的六角排布.去除一次阳极氧化膜后,二次阳极氧化得以在更良好的表面进行,制取的氧化铝膜孔规律性和有序度更高.有序区域的尺寸与晶粒内的亚晶大小有一定关系. 相似文献
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阳极氧化法制备具有纳米多孔结构的阳极氧化铁膜因其潜在的应用价值而倍受关注。然而,在阳极氧化过程中多孔结构的形成机制至今尚不清楚。本文结合电流密度-电位响应(I-V曲线)及法拉第定律的推导,分析了形成纳米多孔阳极氧化铁膜的过程中阳极电流的组成。结果表明,离子电流(导致离子迁移形成氧化物)和电子电流(导致析出氧气)共同组成阳极电流,并且纳米多孔阳极氧化铁膜的形成与两种电流的占比相关。分段式氧化物之间的空腔以及在阳极氧化初期纳米孔道上覆盖的致密膜,表明氧气泡可能是从氧化膜内部析出。此时,阳离子和阴离子绕过作为模具的氧气泡实现传质,最终导致纳米多孔结构的形成。此外,在阳极氧化铁膜形貌演变过程中,氧气泡不断向外溢出会使表面氧化物被冲破,导致表面孔径不断增大。 相似文献
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自组织有序的TiO2纳米管和多孔型阳极氧化膜(PAO)因其潜在的应用价值而倍受关注.阀金属的阳极氧化研究了80多年,但是六棱柱元胞结构和多孔纳米管的形成机理至今尚不清楚.本文不是简单地综述PAO的形成机理,而是从更宽的视角综述了致密型阳极氧化膜与PAO的本质联系和形貌差异.对比两种膜的形貌差异和生长过程有助于孔洞形成本质的认识.简要综述了PAO的传统"场致助溶(FAD)"理论和局限性,重点综述了PAO形成机理的最新研究进展,包括粘性流动模型、阻挡层击穿模型、氧气气泡成孔模型、等电场强度模型等.在充分对比分析最新成果的基础上,对PAO机理研究的发展趋势进行了展望:采用超声氧化、真空或高压条件下氧化以及对电解液中添加碳酸钠或还原剂等方法,对揭示孔洞形成和自组织的本质将会有很大帮助;从电流和阳极氧化效率角度入手,是探究传统FAD理论的物理本质的有效途径. 相似文献
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阳极氧化钛纳米管(anodic titania nanotubes,ATNTs)阵列膜具有制备简便、比表面积大和有序度高等优点因而备受人们关注,已广泛应用于太阳能电池、传感器、光催化和超级电容器等领域。但与类似的多孔阳极氧化铝相比,在可控制备即微观形貌控制方面仍相差甚远。迄今,ATNTs的综述文章多侧重于ATNTs的形成机理、改性及应用方面,而本文则聚焦于近十年来ATNTs制备技术成果,试图揭示其在管长、管径和规整度等方面的可控制备规律。首先介绍了在乙二醇(EG)电解液中制备ATNTs的常规阳极氧化条件,以及得到的ATNTs的典型形貌特征。然后评述了非EG电解液体系中,ATNTs的生长规律和形貌特征。在此基础上,综述了如何通过改变阳极氧化工艺参数,如电解液温度、F-浓度、氧化电压和时间等来实现对ATNTs管径及规整性的调控,并讨论了制备超长纳米管膜的难点和方法,以及获得ATNTs自支撑膜的各种工艺。最后指出了目前ATNTs可控制备存在的不足及今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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钴纳米线的模板制备与磁性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用二次阳极氧化法制备了多孔阳极氧化铝模板. 用直流电化学沉积方法成功地在模板孔道内制备了钴纳米线. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的形貌、晶体结构和磁性进行了研究. 结果表明, 模板的孔径均匀, 孔道平直. 钴纳米线为多晶的六方密堆积结构. 钴纳米线具有明显的磁各向异性, 这主要起源于纳米线的形状各向异性. 相似文献
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硫酸/草酸混酸电解液中阳极氧化法制备多孔阳极氧化铝模板 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Well ordered porous anodic alumina (PAA) film was prepared on pure Al substrate using sulfuric/oxalic acid mixture as electrolyte with different ratios, the best regular PAA film with an average diameter of 45 nm was obtained using 1∶1 sulfuric/oxalic (molar concentration) mixed acid at 26 V. Addition of oxalic acid into sulfuric acid electrolyte resulted in the increase of anodizing current density, indicating a faster formation rate of PAA film. In 1∶1 sulfuric/oxalic acid electrolyte, the current density was the biggest, which illustrated that the formed barrier layer was the thinnest. Besides, addition of oxalic acid increased the stress of oxide film, accordingly changed the self-organized process of PAA film. XPS results indicate that the PAA film is mainly composed of amorphous alumina independent of oxalic acid addition. 相似文献
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F. Zhou D. J. LeClere S. J. Garcia‐Vergara P. Skeldon G. E. Thompson H. Habazaki 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2010,42(4):247-251
Porous anodic alumina films have been much studied recently due to interest in the application of the self‐ordered porosity in nanotechnological systems. Experimental investigations have identified anodising regimes that generate pores with a relatively high degree of long‐range order. However, the growth mechanism of the films, and its relation to the ordering of pores, is only partially understood. In the present work, the growth processes are studied over a range of current densities for films formed in oxalic acid. The films are formed on sputtering‐deposited substrates containing tungsten nanolayers that provide W6+ tracer species in the films. The distributions of tracer species are observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopes and the amounts of tracer species quantified by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. It is shown that the tungsten tracer remains within an inner region of the cells, with a tungsten‐free region being present next to the pore walls during the growth of the anodic films. Further, the thickness of the anodic film relative to that of oxidised metal increases with increasing current density, which is associated with an increase in the efficiency of film formation. This behaviour is consistent with the formation of pores by flow of film material in the barrier layer to the pore wall regions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Metal nanowire array films were prepared by electrodepositing Cu, Ag, Ni, Co and Cu-Ag on porous anodic alumina film. Optical transmittance of both the porous anodic alumina film and metal nanowire array film was measured in the wavelength range of 400---2600 nm under an obliquely incident light. The experimental results show that metal nanowire array films exhibit a prominent polarization function. It was found that optical polarization properties can be improved by choosing suitable kinds of electrodepositing metal, controlling the shape and length of nanowire, and changing the incident angle. 相似文献
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利用阳极氧化方法制备了具有规整的可控孔洞尺寸的多孔Al2O3 膜,并以此模拟实际的催化剂载体制备了负载银催化剂. 采用扫描电镜、能量分散谱、透射电镜、X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱等手段,研究了多孔阳极氧化铝的孔洞大小对负载的银粒子团聚的影响. 结果表明,载体孔洞尺寸对银粒子团聚可能起到限制作用,而且这种限制作用随载体孔洞尺寸增大而减小. 当载体的孔洞尺寸约为50 nm时,随温度升高银粒子的团聚和生长都不明显; 当载体的孔洞尺寸约为200 nm时,随温度升高银粒子发生一定程度的团聚和生长,但孔洞尺寸的限制作用仍存在. 这种载体尺寸的限制作用可以有效地阻止催化剂活性组分的团聚. 相似文献
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Dao Tran Cao Luong Truc Quynh Ngan Cao Tuan Anh 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2013,45(3):762-766
In this paper, we present the results of studies on the photoluminescence (PL) of porous silicon (PSi) samples obtained by etching with the assistance of silver metal in different ways. If the Si sample, after being coated with a layer of silver nanoparticles, is electrochemically etched, its PL intensity becomes hundreds of times stronger than the PL intensity when it is chemically etched in the similar conditions. The difference in the PL intensities is explained partly by the anodic oxidation of silicon which occurs during the electrochemical etching process. The most obvious evidence that silicon had been oxidized anodically in the electrochemical etching process is the disappearance of the PSi layer and the appearance of the silicon oxide layer with mosaic structure when the anodization current density is large enough. The anodic oxidation has the effect of PSi surface passivation. Because of that, the PL of obtained PSi becomes stronger and more stable with time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献