溴酸钾-酸性铬蓝K新化学发光体系检测水中亚硝酸根

研究发现亚硝酸根对溴酸钾-酸性铬蓝K体系的化学发光有显著的增强作用,从而建立一种快速、准确的检测亚硝酸盐的新方法.本方法检测亚硝酸根的线性范围为1.0×10-8～8.0×10-5mol/L,检测限为1.1×10-10mol/L;对1.0×10-7mol/L和1.0×10-5mol/L的亚硝酸根进行11次平行测定,标准偏差分别为1.6%和2.1%.     

溴酸钾-鲁米诺后化学发光法检测水中微量偏二甲肼

实验发现偏二甲肼(UDMH)在溴酸钾-鲁米诺化学发光反应体系中的后化学发光反应.在对这一后化学发光反应的动力学性质、发光条件,包括溴酸钾浓度、鲁米诺浓度、管长、流速和酸碱度条件等研究的基础上,建立了后化学发光反应法测定偏二甲肼的新方法,并讨论了其可能的反应机理.该方法的线性范围为1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5g/L...     

离子色谱分离-亚铁氰化钾-钙黄绿素偶合化学发光测定NO_2~-

利用NO2-在酸性介质中氧化亚铁氰化钾为铁氰化钾,然后在碱性条件下和钙黄绿素化学发光反应相偶合,结合离子色谱分离和流动注射技术间接测定了NO2-。结果发现当钙黄绿素浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L,亚铁氰化钾浓度为2.0×10-4mol/L时,NO2-在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-7g/L范围内,化学发光强度与NO2-浓度成良好的线性关系(R=0.9958),检出限(3σ)为5.1×10-8g/L,对质量浓度为1.0×10-6g/LNO2-溶液进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为1.4%。将该方法用于蒸馏水和自来水中NO2-的测定,加标回收率分别为94.2%和107.1%。     

流动注射化学发光法测定Mn(Ⅱ)

在酸性条件下,溴酸钾氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光,Mn2 对这一体系的化学发光具有增强作用.据此,结合流动注射技术,建立了一种测定Mn2 的新方法.线性范围为1.0×10-8～6.0×10-6 mol/L;检出限为8.0×10-9 mol/L (3σ);对1.0×10-6 mol/L的Mn2 进行了平行测定(n=11),其相对标准偏差为2.4%.该方法可用于矿泉水中Mn2 的测定.     

流动注射-化学发光法测定亚甲蓝

鲁米诺在碱性条件下,可以被高锰酸钾氧化产生化学发光,亚甲蓝能显著增强该化学发光。基于这点,结合流动注射技术建立了测定亚甲蓝的化学发光新方法。在优化的实验条件下,测定亚甲蓝的线性范围为1.0×10-7~5.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.9×10-8mol/L,对1.0×10-5mol/L亚甲蓝进行9次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为1.0%。方法已用于注射液中亚甲蓝的测定。     

Ce(Ⅳ)-吐温40-色氨酸化学发光体系的研究与应用

实验观察到在酸性条件下,色氨酸能够增强Ce(Ⅳ)和吐温40的化学发光反应,其发光强度的增加与色氨酸含量在一定的范围内呈线性关系,据此建立了测定色氨酸的化学发光分析新方法.采用顺序注射技术进样,将试样和试剂的消耗降至微升范围内,明显提高了分析速度.考察了各种实验参数的影响和可能的反应机理,此反应的发光体为Tween 40的中间氧化产物.在试样体积70 μL、吐温40浓度为5%、试剂Ce(Ⅳ)体积80 μL、浓度为1.0 mmol/L、检测流速为1.8 mL/min的条件下,线性范围为2.0×10-7～1.4×10-5 mol/L; 检出限(3σ)为8.8×10-8 mol/L; 对6.0×10-6 mol/L色氨酸进行9次测定的相对标准偏差为1.3%.啤酒和血清中色氨酸含量测定的回收率为91.2%～102%.     

流动注射化学发光抑制法测定阿魏酸钠

提出了Fe2+-H2O2-亚甲基蓝化学发光新体系并用于阿魏酸钠的测定。实验发现,在酸性介质中,Fe2+-H2O2体系可与亚甲基蓝反应产生极强的化学发光,阿魏酸钠对此化学发光具有显著的抑制作用。据此,结合流动注射技术,建立了阿魏酸钠化学发光分析新方法。研究了影响化学发光强度的因素,化学发光信号的降低值(ΔI)与阿魏酸钠浓度在4.5×10-6～4.5×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限为7.0×10-7mol/L。对4.8×10-6mol/L的阿魏酸钠进行了11次平行测定,其RSD=0.8%,该法已用于片剂中阿魏酸钠含量的测定。     

双[2,4,6-三氯苯基]草酸酯-过氧化氢体系流动注射化学发光法检测地沟油中的胆固醇

基于胆固醇和冰乙酸的反应物与硫酸铁铵生成的紫色化合物能有效抑制双[2,4,6-三氯苯基]草酸酯(Bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate,TCPO)-H2O2-咪唑化学发光反应,建立了流动注射-化学发光联用检测胆固醇的方法。对流动注射、化学发光等实验参数进行了优化。当咪唑浓度为0.001 mol/L,H2O2浓度为0.3 mol/L,TCPO浓度为1.0×10"3mol/L,主副蠕动泵转数分别为20和15 r/min时,体系具有最强的化学发光。在优化的实验条件下,测定胆固醇的线性范围为8.6×10"6～2.2×10"4mol/L;检出限(S/N=3)为2.5×10"6mol/L;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11,c=6.5×10"5mol/L)为1.5%。不同加标水平下的加标回收率为95.0%～105.0%;相对标准偏差(n=6)小于3.6%。本方法已应用于地沟油中胆固醇的测定,结果令人满意。     

流动注射化学发光法测定湖水中2-硝基酚

在酸性介质下,KMnO4可以氧化2-硝基酚产生化学发光,乙二醛对该发光体系有增敏作用。结合流动注射技术,建立了测定2-硝基酚的流动注射化学发光新方法。该方法线性范围为8.0×10-10～5.0×10-6 mol/L,检出限为1.0×10-11mol/L,对1.0×10-7 mol/L的2-硝基酚平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为2.4%。该法已用于实际水样中2-硝基酚的测定。     

流动注射化学发光法测定中药材中没食子酸

建立快速简便的流动注射化学发光分析法,用于中药材中没食子酸含量的测定.利用酸性介质中Fe3+-H2O2体系生成羟基自由基氧化没食子酸产生微弱的化学发光,用罗丹明6G来增敏化学发光.研究了影响化学发光的各种因素,探讨了可能的机理.结果表明,0.18 mol/L HCl,0.04 mol/L FeCl3,1.0 mol/L H2O2与1.0×10-4 mol/L罗丹明6G溶液组成最优的化学发光体系,没食子酸浓度在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-2 g/L和0.01～1.0 g/L范围内与化学发光强度呈很好的线性关系,r分别为0.9984和0.9947,检出限为3.0×10-6 g/L.对1.0×10-4 g/L没食子酸平行测定11次的相对标准偏差为3.8%.利用本方法成功地测定了中药材诃子和没食子中的没食子酸含量.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.