杂萘联苯共聚醚砜的非均相磺化

以杂萘联苯共聚醚砜(PPHES)为原料,氯仿为溶剂,浓硫酸为磺化试剂,采用非均相磺化法对PPHES进行了磺化改性,得到了一系列不同磺化度的磺化杂萘联苯共聚醚砜(SPPHES).考察了浓硫酸浓度、磺化反应温度和时间等工艺条件对产物磺化度的影响.利用FT-IR、1H-NMR对SPPHES进行了表征.结果表明,磺酸基已成功引...     

一种用于质子交换膜材料的磺化聚醚醚砜的合成

以发烟硫酸和4,4′-二氯二苯砜为原料,通过磺化反应,制得磺化二氯二苯砜,然后利用亲核缩聚反应,调整磺化单体和非磺化单体的比例,与四甲基联苯二酚进行聚合,制取了系列具有不同磺化度的聚醚醚砜,并对聚合物的结构进行了研究.     

磺化聚芳醚醚酮的热分解

本文用高分辨裂解色谱-质谱法研究了磺化聚芳醚醚酮的热分解过程,分离和鉴定了主要热分解产物;考察了磺化度和温度对热解产物分布的影响。发现磺化聚芳醚醚酮有两个热分解阶段。用分步裂解并结合动力学分析,讨论了其热分解机理。     

酚酞型聚芳醚砜 Ⅳ.含羧基聚芳醚砜的合成

离子性聚合物的合成方法主要集中于通过一些含芳环聚合物的大分子反应,引入不同的离子基。如聚苯乙烯、聚芳醚砜、聚芳醚酮的磺化反应及聚苯醚的羧化反应等。但伴随大分子反应,聚合物要发生严重的化学降解,并且引入离子基团数目也不易控制。 本工作将酚酞啉引入酚酞型聚芳醚砜,发现在弱碱K_2CO_3体系中酚酞啉仍能保持一定的反应活性,且不至于发生交联反应。通过与酚酞的共聚反应可方便地控制聚合物的羧化度。     

燃料电池质子交换膜用新型磺化聚芳醚酮的合成和性能表征

报道了一种新型磺化聚芳醚酮材料的合成方法, 通过引入取代基对聚芳醚主链进行保护，用氯磺酸直接磺化方法在聚芳醚酮高分子侧基上引入磺酸功能基, 实现了聚合物磺化结构的可控定位合成, 得到了稳定性较好的磺化聚芳醚酮. 通过核磁共振(NMR)、 热重(TG)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)等分析方法对其结构及性能进行了表征. 用溶液浇膜法制备了质子交换膜, 考察了膜的各种性能, 并与商用Nafion膜进行了比较, 其导电性、 热稳定性和吸水性远优于Nafion膜, 抗氧化性、抗水解性和机械强度也达到了较高的指标.     

一类侧链型磺化聚芳醚砜质子交换膜的合成及表征

以4,4'-二氟二苯砜和N-溴代丁二酰亚胺为起始原料,经两步有机反应设计并合成了一种新型活性二氟砜单体:3,3'-双(苯氧基苯基)-4,4'-二氟二苯砜,并由该单体与4,4'-二氟二苯砜、4,4'-二羟基二苯甲酮经亲核缩聚合成了侧链型聚芳醚砜聚合物(PAES-xx).通过较温和的后磺化反应,制得了一系列磺化聚芳醚砜质子交换膜(SPAES-xx).对所制侧链型聚芳醚砜质子交换膜的结构和性能分别进行了表征分析.结果表明,该类质子交换膜具有适中的吸水率和较好的尺寸稳定性,80℃时最高质子传导率达0.16 S/cm.此外,该类质子交换膜还具有良好的热稳定性和机械性能,起始分解温度约为250℃;膜的拉伸强度为29.5~42.0MPa,拉伸模量为0.62~1.23 GPa,断裂伸长率在9.0%~31.9%.磺化膜优良的综合性能主要归因于侧链磺化结构的引入和相分离结构的形成.     

聚芳醚醚酮和磺化聚芳醚醚酮的热分解动力学

用热重法(TG)研究了聚芳醚醚酮(PEEK)和磺化改性的聚芳醚醚酮(S-PEEK)的热分解动力学,计算了热分解动力学参数,结果表明PEEK及S-PEEK的热分解符合无规引发裂解模型。进一步考察了磺化对PEEK热分解的影响,结合温度程序裂解色谱-质谱结果,探讨了S-PEEK的TG曲线上呈现二个失重台阶的意义。     

用于燃料电池的磺化聚芳醚砜质子交换膜材料的直接合成与性能研究

将磺化二氯二苯砜(SDCDPS)、二氯二苯砜(DCDPS)与4,4′-联苯酚(BP)通过亲核缩聚反应得到一系列具有不同磺化度的磺化聚芳醚砜(SPAES)共聚物.通过FT-IR,TGA和DSC等分析方法对其结构及性能进行表征.并用透射电镜对其内部形态进行分析,建立了结构与性能之间的关系.研究了不同磺化度对膜性能的影响.结果表明,聚合物中磺酸基团的增多导致了磺化聚芳醚砜膜的吸水率、离子交换容量、质子传导率和甲醇渗透系数的增加.通过对膜的综合性能评价发现,磺化度为0.8的磺化聚芳醚砜膜在80℃时的质子传导率为0.116S/cm,100℃时的质子传导率为0.126S/cm,均高于Nafion117膜(0.114S/cm和0.117S/cm),且甲醇渗透系数为8.4×10-7cm2/s,远远低于Nafion117膜(2.1×10-6cm2/s).     

磺化甲苯膦酸锆的制备及催化反应研究

首次制得磺化甲苯膦酸锆（ＺＳＴＰ），用Ｘ－衍射、热重量分析、红外光谱、元素分析等进行了表征。并以磺化甲苯膦酸锆为固体酸催化剂对酯化、缩醛、缩酮、醇脱水成醚、成烯等有机反应进行了研究。ＺＳＴＰ催化的反应收率高，操作简便，后处理容易，催化剂可以重复使用和再生。     

聚芳醚醚酮和磺化聚芳醚醚酮的热分解动力学

 用热重法(TG)研究了聚芳醚醚酮(PEEK)和磺化改性的聚芳醚醚酮(S-PEEK)的热分解动力学,计算了热分解动力学参数,结果表明PEEK及S-PEEK的热分解符合无规引发裂解模型。进一步考察了磺化对PEEK热分解的影响,结合温度程序裂解色谱-质谱结果,探讨了S-PEEK的TG曲线上呈现二个失重台阶的意义。     

Controlled sulfonation of poly(arylene ether sulfone)s and poly(arylene ether ketone)s with different molecular structures for polymer electrolyte membranes

Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers derived from 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, bisphenol S and 4,4′-difluorodiphenylsulfone and poly(arylene ether ketone) copolymers derived from 4-phenoxybiphenyl, diphenyl ether and isophthaloyl chloride were prepared as precursor polymers for sulfonation reaction in which sulfonic groups are introduced quantitatively into specified positions. Sulfonation reaction for these two series of copolymers by concentrated sulfuric acid was successfully carried out to give sulfonated polymers with controlled positions and degree of sulfonation. Thermal stability, moisture absorption and proton conductivity for these two series of copolymers were measured and the results were compared to those of perfluorosulfonic acid polymers.     

Side-Chain Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s for Fuel Cell Applications

Summary: Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s of high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained by melt polycondensation of 4,4′-difluorodiphenyl- sulfone and trimethylsilylethers of 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and phenylhydroquinone using CsF as catalyst. Although a block-like structure of the polymers could be expected from the course of reaction, only a single T_g ranging from 190 °C to 230 °C could be detected by DSC and which depended on the copolymer composition. Contrary to the sulfonation of similar poly(ether ether ketone)s the poly(arylene ether sulfone)s here reported were sulfonated both in the side chain and the main chain. Nonetheless the sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s showed high hydrolytic stability in water at 130 °C.     

Synthesis and characterization of multiblock partially fluorinated hydrophobic poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐hydrophilic disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers for proton exchange membranes

Hydrophobic‐hydrophilic sequence multiblock copolymers, based on alternating segments of phenoxide terminated fully disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (BPS100) and fluorine‐terminated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (6FBPS0) were synthesized and evaluated for application as proton exchange membranes. By utilizing mild reaction conditions the ether–ether interchange reactions were minimized, preventing the randomization of the multiblock copolymers. Tough, ductile, transparent membranes were solution cast from the block copolymers and were characterized with regard to intrinsic viscosity, morphology, water uptake, and proton conductivity. The conductivity values of the 6FBPS0‐BPSH100 membranes were compared to Nafion 212 and a partially fluorinated sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymer (6F40BP60). The nanophase separated morphology was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and small angle X‐ray scattering, and enhanced proton conductivity at reduced relative humidity was observed with longer block lengths. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SULFONATED POLY（ARYLENE ETHER） CONTAINING TRIPHENYL METHANE MOIETIES FROM ISOCYNATE MASKED BISPHENOL

A novel sulfonated poly（arylene ether） containing triphenylmethane moieties was synthesized by the sulfonation of a designed parent polymer using chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonation agent. The sulfonation took place at the para position of the pendant phenyl rings because of the specially designed parent polymer. The position and degree of sulfonation were characterized by ^1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The sulfonated polymers are highly soluble in common organic solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxide, N,N＇-dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and can be readily cast into tough and smooth films from solutions. The films showed good thermal and hydrolysis stabilities. Moreover, Fenton＇s reagent test revealed that the films exhibited superior stability to oxidation. The proton conductivities of the films were comparable with Nation 117 under same conditions. The membrane electrode assembly （MEA） prepared with the asmade film （706 EW, 100 μm dry thickness） shows better cell performance than Nation 115-MEA in the whole current density range.     

End-group cross-linked membranes based on highly sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) with vinyl functionalized graphene oxide as a cross-linker and a filler for proton exchange membrane fuel cell application

High-performance end-group cross-linked sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) membranes are developed using thiolate-terminated SPAES with very high degree of sulfonation (DS) such as 90 mol% (SK-SPAES90) and vinyl functionalized graphene oxide (VGO) as a cross-linker and a filler through the thiol-Michael addition reaction. Since free-standing membranes for fuel cell application could not be prepared using the water soluble and highly proton conductive SPAES with high DS of 90 mol%, cross-linked SPAES90 membranes are intentionally prepared. The cross-linked membranes are found to have good physicochemical properties with excellent proton conductivity that can be applied for the proton exchange membrane. In particular, the cross-linked SPAES90 membrane prepared using 1.0 wt% of VGO exhibits better dimensional stability than a SPAES70 membrane from the linear SPAES with DS of 70 mol% and the proton conductivities of this membrane are larger than those of Nafion 211 at 80 °C under different relative humidity conditions (40%-95%).     

Synthesis and properties of sulfonated poly(arylene ether) containing tetraphenylmethane moieties for proton‐exchange membrane

A novel sulfonated poly(arylene ether) containing tetraphenylmethane moieties was successfully synthesized by the sulfonation of a designed parent polymer using chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonation agent. The sulfonation took place only at the para position on the pendant phenyl rings because of the specially designed parent polymer. The sulfonation degree can be easily controlled by using different ratios of sulfonation agent to polymer repeating unit. The position and degree of sulfonation were characterized by ¹H NMR and elemental analysis. The sulfonated polymers are highly soluble in common organic solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxide, N,N′‐dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and can be readily cast into tough and smooth films from solutions. The films showed good thermal and hydrolysis stabilities. Moreover, Fenton's reagent test revealed that the membrane exhibited superior stability to oxidation. The proton conductivities of the films were determined to be equivalent with Nafion® 117 under same conditions. The new polymer with sulfonic acid function on pendent phenyl rings can be potentially used as a proton‐exchange membrane for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 6411–6418, 2005     

Synthesis and characterization of multiblock copolymers based on hydrophilic disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) and hydrophobic partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) for fuel cell applications

Sulfonated fluorinated multiblock copolymers based on high performance polymers were synthesized and evaluated for use as proton exchange membranes (PEMs). The multiblock copolymers consist of fully disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) and partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) as hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, respectively. Synthesis of the multiblock copolymers was achieved by a condensation coupling reaction between controlled molecular weight hydrophilic and hydrophobic oligomers. The coupling reaction could be conducted at relatively low temperatures (e.g., 105 °C) by utilizing highly reactive hexafluorobenzene (HFB) as a linkage group. The low coupling reaction temperature could prevent a possible trans‐etherification, which can randomize the hydrophilic‐hydrophobic sequences. Tough ductile membranes were prepared by solution casting and their membrane properties were evaluated. With similar ion exchange capacities (IECs), proton conductivity and water uptake were strongly influenced by the hydrophilic and hydrophobic block sequence lengths. Conductivity and water uptake increased with increasing block length by developing nanophase separated morphologies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments revealed that the connectivity of the hydrophilic segments was enhanced by increasing the block length. The systematic synthesis and characterization of the copolymers are reported. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 214–222, 2010     

Proton conductivity of poly(arylene ether ketones) with different sulfonation degrees: Improvement via incorporation of nanodisperse zirconium acid phosphate

The proton conductivity of films based on sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) derived from bisphenol A and 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone of various modification degrees has been studied. The conductivity achieves high levels upon incorporation of a large amount of sulfo groups into the polymer. The conductivity of the samples with low sulfonation degrees may be increased via introduction of the nanodisperse zirconium acid sulfate additive.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers with sulfonimide side groups for a proton‐exchange membrane

A sulfonimide‐containing comonomer derived from 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylsulfone was synthesized and copolymerized with 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylsulfone and 4,4′‐biphenol to prepare sulfonimide‐containing poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers (BPSIs). These copolymers showed slightly higher water uptake than disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer (BPSH) controls, but their proton‐conductivity values were very comparable to those of the BPSH series with similar ion contents. The proton conductivity increased with the temperature for both systems. For samples with 30 mol % ionic groups, BPSI showed less temperature dependence in proton conductivity and slightly higher methanol permeability in comparison with BPSH. The thermal characterization of the sulfonimide copolymers showed that both the acid and salt forms were stable up to 250 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The results suggested that the presumed enhanced stability of the sulfonimide systems did not translate into higher protonic conductivity in liquid water. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6007–6014, 2006