褪色光度法测定微量溴酸根

测定溴酸根的方法有离子色谱法、萃取光度法和褪色光度法。在各种分析方法中,褪色光度分析法以其操作简单、快速而被广泛应用。实验发现,在盐酸介质中,溴酸根能显著氧化Bei花青褪色,本文据此建立了测定微量溴酸根的新方法。     

罗丹明6G褪色光度法测定微量溴酸根

研究了在盐酸介质中,溴酸根氧化罗丹明6G褪色的最佳条件。吸收波长λmax为525nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为3.9×105L·mol-1·cm-1。溴酸根在0～5.0μg/5ml范围内符合比耳定律。方法用干合成样和化学试剂中微量溴酸根的测定,结果满意。     

二甲酚橙褪色光度法测定微量溴酸根离子的研究

提出了测定微量溴酸根离子的新方法,研究了在盐酸介质中,溴酸根离子氧化二甲酚橙褪色的最佳条件。最大吸收波长λ_(max)为430nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.5×10~4,溴酸根离子在10～50μg/25ml范围内符合比耳定律,可用于化学试剂中的微量溴酸根离子测定,结果满意。     

褪色光度法测定微量溴酸根

美国国家环保总局(U.S.EPA)对消毒副产物(DBPs)作出了规定———饮用水中消毒副产物的最大污染浓度(MCLs)分别是: BrO3-(潜在致癌物)10μg·L-1; ClO3-1 mg·L-1。从标准可看出BrO3-的浓度限量远低于ClO3-,因此研究BrO3-的测定方法具有重要的意义。目前,测定溴酸根的方法不多,有萃取浮选光度法[1]、DSPCF光度法[2],近几年褪色光度法[3~5]得到广泛应用。试验发现,在室温下,盐酸介质中,溴酸根能显著氧化甲基红褪色,据此建立了测定微量溴酸根方法,检出限为8.76×10-6g·L-1,线性范围为0~1.0 mg·L-1,用于测定化学试剂中微量溴酸根,…     

NBSM-荧光素体系流动注射化学发光法测定盐酸二甲双胍

在碱性条件下,N 溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBSM)氧化盐酸二甲双胍,体系中荧光素作为能量转移剂,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)的增敏作用下产生化学发光。基于此,结合流动注射技术,首次建立了测定盐酸二甲双胍的化学发光分析法,详细研究了影响化学发光强度的因素,并探讨了化学发光可能的机理。化学发光信号的增加值ΔI与盐酸二甲双胍浓度在7×10-8～1×10-5g·ml-1范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ)为2.4×10-8g·ml-1,对9×10-8g·ml-1盐酸二甲双胍进行了11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为3.8%。将方法用于盐酸二甲双胍片剂中盐酸二甲双胍的定量分析,结果满意。     

恒波长同步荧光猝灭法测定饮用水中微量溴酸根

在HCl介质中,Δλ=20nm,溴酸根对罗丹明123的恒波长同步荧光有猝灭作用,且猝灭程度与溴酸根的含量呈线性关系,据此建立了恒波长同步荧光猝灭测定饮用水中的微量测定溴酸根的新方法。该方法的线性范围为0～200μg/L,检出限为3.0ng/mL。该方法可用于化学试剂和各种饮用水中溴酸盐含量的测定。     

微波浓缩-离子法测定饮用水中的痕量溴酸根和高氯酸根

 建立了一种简便的用于浓缩水中痕量BrO3 -和ClO4 -的样品前处理方法。水样经OnGuardAg柱过滤 ,用微波炉在 15min内可浓缩 2 0倍 ,所测离子的回收率均高于 90 %。又采用IonPacAS16型亲水性柱 ,用 15 0 μL定量环 ,以NaOH为流动相、梯度淋洗方式 ,在 35min内测定了包括BrO3 -和ClO4 -在内的 8种离子。BrO3 -和ClO4 -的检测限分别为 0 10 μg/L和 0 2 0 μg/L。该方法在实际应用中有较大的参考价值。     

二溴荧光素-N-氯代丁二酰亚胺化学发光体系测定片剂及人血浆中的氢溴酸右美沙芬

研究发现,碱性溶液中,二溴荧光素可吸收N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)氧化氢溴酸右美沙芬反应的化学能而产生化学发光,从而构建了二溴荧光素-NCS-氢溴酸右美沙芬化学发光体系.利用该体系建立了测定氢溴酸右美沙芬的流动注射化学发光新方法.方法线性范围是9.0×10-10～2.0×10-7 g/mL(r=0.9992),检出限为7.0×10-10 g/mL,对2.0×10-8 g/mL氢溴酸右美沙芬溶液进行11次平行测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6%.该法已用于片剂及人血浆中氢溴酸右美沙芬含量的测定,结果令人满意.在对有关反应的动力学性质、化学发光光谱及有关物质的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究的基础上,推断出可能的反应机理.     

柱后衍生离子色谱法同时测定瓶装水中的碘酸根、亚氯酸根和溴酸根

水中的碘酸根、亚氯酸根和溴酸根是重要的消毒副产物,主要通过大体积浓缩后直接电导检测,或通过柱前或柱后化学反应将目标物转化成容易检测的物质后检测。本方法采用大体积进样柱后衍生紫外检测的分析方法,通过条件优化获得了较高的灵敏度和信噪比。利用一套自动分析系统,可以满足饮用水中痕量碘酸根、亚氯酸根、溴酸根的同时监测。碘酸根、亚氯酸根和溴酸根的检出限分别为0.5,0.4,0.1 μg/L。对于不同的加标样品,碘酸根、亚氯酸根和溴酸根的回收率分别为70.8%~98.0%,92.4%~100%和93.2%~104.1%。该方法应用于北京市场上的瓶装饮用水分析,结果显示瓶装纯净水中的碘酸根、亚氯酸根、溴酸根浓度均低于检出限,而瓶装矿泉水中碘酸根、溴酸根的最高含量分别达到9.4 μg/L和78.4 μg/L。     

用碘离子选择性电极测定微量联氨

本文提出了用碘离子选择性电极间接测定联氨的方法,其检测下限为5×10~(-5)mol/L。对常见的干扰物质只需进行简单的酸化即可进行测定。     

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of dihydralazine sulfate based on hexacyanoferrate(III) oxidation sensitized by eosin Y

A novel flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of dihydralazine sulfate (DHZS) is described. The method is based on the reaction between DHZS and hexacyanoferrate(III) in alkaline solution to give weak CL signal, which is dramatically enhanced by eosin Y. The CL emission allows quantitation of DHZS concentration in the range 0.02-2.8 μg ml⁻¹ with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.012 μg ml⁻¹. The experimental conditions for the CL reaction are optimized and the possible reaction mechanism is discussed. The method has been applied to the determination of DHZS in pharmaceutical preparations and compared well with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.     

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of formaldehyde in water

A modification of the Trautz-Schorigin reaction into a flow-injection analysis configuration is described. Different approaches were used at the optimization of chemiluminescence determination of formaldehyde in water based on the reaction of formaldehyde, gallic acid and hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline solution. Detection system with a 218 μl chemiluminescence cell was optimized by both a one-variable-at-a-time method, and a modified simplex method. A calibration graph is linear in the concentration range 4 × 10⁻⁸ to 1 × 10⁻⁵ M HCHO. The detection limit of formaldehyde for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 is 4 × 10⁻⁸ M. The relative standard deviations for 15 repeated measurements of 1 × 10⁻⁶ and 5 × 10⁻⁶ mol l⁻¹ HCHO are 4.32 and 3.33%, respectively. The analysis time is 1.5 min. The method was applied to the determination of formaldehyde in urban rainwater. A comparison of results found by proposed method with those obtained by fluorimetric reference method provided a good agreement.     

流动注射化学发光法测定水中的苯胺

基于在多聚磷酸介质中,KMnO4氧化苯胺能产生强化学发光,建立了流动注射化学发光测定苯胺的新方法.在优化条件下,化学发光强度ⅠCL与苯胺的浓度在2.0×10～1.0×10-6 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为ⅠCL=63.11 2.37×108c(r=0.9997,n=9),检出限为5.0×10-10 mol/L,对1.0×10-7 mol/L苯胺进行11次测定,其相对标准偏差为0.8%(n=11).已用于环境水体中苯胺的测定,回收率在95.1%～105.1%之间.     

去乙酰毛花苷的流动注射化学发光分析研究

在碱性介质中,去乙酰毛花苷对鲁米诺-KIO4发光体系有明显的抑制作用,且抑制效果与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了去乙酰毛花苷的流动注射化学发光分析方法。该方法的线性范围为1.0×10-8~1.0×10-5g/mL,检出限为3.1×10-9g/mL,对1.0×10-7g/mL的去乙酰毛花苷进行连续11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为2.3%。可用于相应注射剂分析,并与药典方法进行对照。     

Chemiluminescence from the oxidation of urea and ammonia with hypobromite and N-bromosuccinimide

The spectral distribution for the chemiluminescent oxidation of ammonia with hypobromite is significantly different to that for the oxidation of ammonia with N-bromosuccinimide. Therefore, in contrast to the assumptions of several authors, the action of N-bromosuccinimide is not solely derived from the in situ formation of hypobromite. Neither the oxidation of urea with hypobromite nor the oxidation of urea with N-bromosuccinimide involves an initial hydrolysis of urea to ammonia in the alkaline solution. However, these two reactions lead to a common emitter. The addition of xanthene dyes, such as dichlorofluorescein, enhance the chemiluminescence intensity by energy transfer to the efficient fluorophore, but reaction between the sensitiser and hypobromite can result in a significant increase in the background signal. A list of potential interferences has been compiled; particular attention was paid to guanidino compounds, as the chemiluminescence accompanying the oxidation of this functional group has not been previously discussed.     

环境水样中痕量肼的荧光分析

基于在硫酸介质中，肼与罗丹明6G反应，使其荧光增强，建立了一种荧光测定痕量肼的新方法。该方法线性范围2．0－14．0μg/L，检出限为0．62μg/L。可用于环境水样中肼含量的测定，并进行了回收实验，回收率为97％－107％。     

流动注射化学发光法测定头孢氨苄和头孢拉定

基于KMnO4在酸性介质中氧化头孢氨苄和头孢拉定产生微弱的化学发光,同时借助甲醛对发光的增强作用,采用流动注射技术,建立了以上两种头孢类抗生素药物的测定新方法。方法检出限分别为0.096和0.10μg mL;相对标准偏差分别为1.6%和1.8%(n=11),线性范围分别为0.8～25和0.8～32μg mL,进样频率为60次 h。本方法已用于药物制剂的测定。     

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of fluoroquinolones by enhancement of weak chemiluminescence from peroxynitrous acid

A flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) method is described for the determination of fluoroquinolones including ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin. The method is based on the enhancement by these compounds of the weak CL from peroxynitrous acid. The linear ranges are 1.0×10⁻⁷ to 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹ for ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, and 3.0×10⁻⁷ to 3.0×10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹ for ofloxacin, respectively. The detection limits (S/N=3) are 4.5×10⁻⁸ mol l⁻¹ ciprofloxacin, 5.9×10⁻⁸ mol l⁻¹ norfloxacin and 1.1×10⁻⁷ mol l⁻¹ ofloxacin, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of fluoroquinolones in pharmaceutical preparations.     

流动注射微乳液化学发光法测定福尔可定

在酸性条件下,福尔可定分子中氮原子被质子化后与阴离子AuCl4-形成离子缔合物,该缔合物被CH2Cl2带入鲁米诺的氯化十六烷基三甲基铵反胶束微乳液中,离解出来的AuCl4-立即与鲁米诺产生化学发光。在一定浓度范围内,发光强度与福尔可定的质量浓度呈线性关系,从而间接测定福尔可定。线性范围为0.001~15μg/mL,检出限(3σ)为0.04 ng/mL,对1.0μg/mL的福尔可定进行11次平行测定,RSD为2.2%。已成功用于片剂与生物体液中福尔可定的测定。     

Flow-injection chemiluminescence determination of aminomethylbenzoic acid and aminophylline based on N-bromosuccinimide-luminol reaction

A novel and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of aminomethylbenzoic acid and aminophylline coupled with flow-injection analysis (FIA) technique is developed in this paper. It is based on the inhibition effect of the studied drugs on the chemiluminescence emission of N-bromosuccinimide-luminol (NBS-luminol) system. Under the optimum conditions, the decreased CL intensity is linear with the concentration of aminomethylbenzoic acid in the range of 2×10⁻⁸ to 1.0×10⁻⁶ g ml⁻¹ and with the concentration of aminophylline in the range of 1×10⁻⁷ to 7.0×10⁻⁶ g ml⁻¹, respectively. The detection limit is 7.0×10⁻⁹ g ml⁻¹ for aminomethylbenzoic acid (3σ) and 3.4×10⁻⁸ g ml⁻¹ for aminophylline (3σ). The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) for 11 parallel measurements of 2.0×10⁻⁷ g ml⁻¹ aminomethylbenzoic acid and 1.0×10⁻⁶ g ml⁻¹ aminophylline are 2.6 and 3.0%, respectively. The proposed methods have been applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations with satisfactory results. The possible use of the proposed system for the determination of aminomethylbenzoic acid in plasma sample was also tested. The possible inhibition mechanism of aminomethylbenzoic acid and aminophylline on luminol-NBS system was discussed briefly.