共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
Summary Recent developments in the techniques of speciation and determination of organometallic compounds in the environment are reviewed. There is an increasing trend in the use of high performance liquid chromatography as separation tool, and in the use of plasma-excited atomic emission spectrometry as detector. New techniques have been reported to overcome the historically difficult interface of HPLC to furnace AAS. There are also new techniques in the derivatization of ionic organometallic species for gas chromatography. Tandem analytical systems are getting more and more sophisticated, so are the sensitivity and specificity. 相似文献
2.
超临界流体色谱在金属络合物和金属有机化合物中的分析应用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
超临界流体色谱(SFC)在色谱分离过程中能在较低的温度下分析对热不稳定性的化合物,包括金属络合物和金属有机化合物。本文总结了近来文献报道的各种过渡金属、重金属、镧系和锕系以及铅、汞和锡的金属有机化合物的SFC分离,还讨论了SFC检测系统和金属有机化合物的溶解度的测定。 相似文献
3.
《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》2001,56(3):233-260
Applications of solid phase microextraction (SPME) for trace element speciation are reviewed. Because of the relative novelty of the technique in the inorganic analytical field, the first part of this review provides a short overview of the principles of SPME operation; the second part describes typical SPME applications to elemental speciation. Volatile organometallic compounds can be collected by SPME from the sample headspace or liquid phase, directly or after derivatization. The usual separation method for the collected volatile species is gas chromatography. Non-volatile analyte species can be collected from the sample liquid phase and separated by liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis. Currently, most SPME applications in the inorganic field comprise analyte ethylation and headspace extraction followed by gas chromatographic separation of tin, lead and mercury species. The use of SPME for the study of equilibria in complex systems is also discussed and future roles of solid phase microextraction in the inorganic analytical field are raised. 相似文献
4.
5.
Khudre M. Attar 《应用有机金属化学》1996,10(5):317-337
The growing awareness over the environmental fate of organotin compounds is reflected in the large number of analytical methods developed for their separation. Organotin compounds have varying degrees of toxicological properties, depending on the nature and number of alkyl groups bonded to the tin atom. Most of the analytical speciation methods applied to actual environmental media have involved prior derivatization to transform organotin compounds into volatile hydrophobic analytes amenable to separation and identification by gas chromatography coupled to a sensitive and selective tin-detector. Evidence exists that members of the same homologous series are related by environmental degradation pathways. Chemical treatment prior to analysis, or high temperatures associated with gas chromatography separation, may alter the relative amounts of organotins in samples and blur the true environment picture. To avoid species redistribution that may occur during derivatization or gas speciation analysis, methods based on liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography have been investigated. This review documents analytical methods for determination of tin and speciation of organotin compounds, in the hope that it will be of value to those interested in initiating a programme for assessing the impact of such species on the environment. 相似文献
6.
The need for speciation-related information in environmental chemistry is critically evaluated. Recent advances in the analysis for volatile or volatizable organometallic compounds and redox states are presented. They include microwave-assisted extraction for the leaching of analytes and the solubilization of tissues, multicapillary gas chromatography, and integration of the sample preparation and separation steps in a single speciation-dedicated instrument. Particular attention is given to the needs for speciation analysis in environmental biota: plant and animal tissues. The areas discussed include speciation of selenium and arsenic, analytical chemistry of metal complexes with phytochelatins and metallothioneins, the need for the identification of metal enzymes and co-enzymes and their role in the biosynthesis of metal complexes. The status of the rapidly emerging field of bioinorganic analytical chemistry is discussed. 相似文献
7.
8.
C Fernandez-Rivas R Mu?oz-Olivas C Camara 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》2001,371(8):1124-1129
The design and development of a new approach for Hg speciation in environmental samples is described in detail. This method, consisting of the coupling of pervaporation and atomic absorption spectrometry, is based on a membrane phenomenon that combines the evaporation of volatile analytes and their diffusion through a polymeric membrane. It is proposed here as an alternative to gas chromatography for speciation of inorganic and organic Hg compounds, as the latter compounds are volatile and can be separated by applying the principles mentioned above. The interest of this method lies in its easy handling, low cost, and rapidity for the analysis of liquid and solid samples. This method has been applied to Hg speciation in a compost sample provided by a waste water treatment plant. 相似文献
9.
Walter Lund 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1990,337(5):557-564
Summary The different aspects of speciation analysis are reviewed. Species-specific instrumental techniques as well as various speciation schemes are considered for the determination of species of metals and metalloids, including organometallic compounds. The application of the methods are discussed in some detail for the analysis of natural waters, air, soil, sediment and biological samples. The relationship between metal species and bioavailability is also briefly dealt with. 相似文献
10.
Nitrogen-containing compounds in diesel fuel have been speciated by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with nitrogen chemiluminescence detector (GC x GC-NCD). The speciation of nitrogen-containing compounds in diesel is difficult because of low concentration and complexity. The advantages of GC x GC are improved resolution and enhanced sensitivity. GC x GC-NCD can achieve the type and class separation of nitrogen-containing compounds with an appropriate separation column combination. Diesel contains both neutral (indoles and carbazoles) and basic (pyridines and quinolines) nitrogen-containing compounds. Relative concentrations of each class as well as each carbon number family can be quantified by integrating their peak volumes. This study demonstrates the capability of GC x GC-NCD for speciation of nitrogen-containing compound classes. 相似文献