Effect Algebras as Presheaves on Finite Boolean Algebras

For an effect algebra A, we examine the category of all morphisms from finite Boolean algebras into A. This category can be described as a category of elements of a presheaf R(A) on the category of finite Boolean algebras. We prove that some properties (being an orthoalgebra, the Riesz decomposition property, being a Boolean algebra) of an effect algebra A can be characterized in terms of some properties of the category of elements of the presheaf R(A). We prove that the tensor product of effect algebras arises as a left Kan extension of the free product of finite Boolean algebras along the inclusion functor. The tensor product of effect algebras can be expressed by means of the Day convolution of presheaves on finite Boolean algebras.     

DG Poisson algebra and its universal enveloping algebra

We introduce the notions of differential graded (DG) Poisson algebra and DG Poisson module. Let A be any DG Poisson algebra. We construct the universal enveloping algebra of A explicitly, which is denoted by A^ue. We show that A^ue has a natural DG algebra structure and it satisfies certain universal property. As a consequence of the universal property, it is proved that the category of DG Poisson modules over A is isomorphic to the category of DG modules over A^ue. Furthermore, we prove that the notion of universal enveloping algebra A^ue is well-behaved under opposite algebra and tensor product of DG Poisson algebras. Practical examples of DG Poisson algebras are given throughout the paper including those arising from differential geometry and homological algebra.     

Numerical constructions involving Chebyshev polynomials

We propose a new algorithm for the character expansion of tensor products of finite-dimensional irreducible representations of simple Lie algebras. The algorithm produces valid results for the algebras B ₃, C ₃, and D ₃. We use the direct correspondence between Weyl anti-invariant functions and multivariate second-kind Chebyshev polynomials. We construct the triangular trigonometric polynomials for the algebra D ₃.     

Decomposition of Tensor Products Involving a Steinberg Module

We study the decomposition of tensor products between a Steinberg module and a costandard module, both as a module for the algebraic group G and when restricted to either a Frobenius kernel G _r or a finite Chevalley group \(G(\mathbb {F}_q)\). In all three cases, we give formulas reducing this to standard character data for G. Along the way, we use a bilinear form on the characters of finite dimensional G-modules to give formulas for the dimension of homomorphism spaces between certain G-modules when restricted to either G _r or \(G(\mathbb {F}_q)\). Further, this form allows us to give a new proof of the reciprocity between tilting modules and simple modules for G which has slightly weaker assumptions than earlier such proofs. Finally, we prove that in a suitable formulation, this reciprocity is equivalent to Donkin’s tilting conjecture.     

Stratified modules over an extension algebra

Let A be a standard Koszul standardly stratified algebra and X an A-module. The paper investigates conditions which imply that the module Ext* _A (X) over the Yoneda extension algebra A* is filtered by standard modules. In particular, we prove that the Yoneda extension algebra of A is also standardly stratified. This is a generalization of similar results on quasi-hereditary and on graded standardly stratified algebras.     

On <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-cubic Pyramid Algebras

In this paper we study a class of algebras having n-dimensional pyramid shaped quiver with n-cubic cells, which we called n-cubic pyramid algebras. This class of algebras includes the quadratic dual of the basic n-Auslander absolutely n-complete algebras introduced by Iyama. We show that the projective resolutions of the simples of n-cubic pyramid algebras can be characterized by n-cuboids, and prove that they are periodic. So these algebras are almost Koszul and (n?1)-translation algebras. We also recover Iyama’s cone construction for n-Auslander absolutely n-complete algebras using n-cubic pyramid algebras and the theory of n-translation algebras.     

Modules for Yokonuma-type Hecke Algebras

This paper describes the module categories for a family of generic Hecke algebras, called Yokonuma-type Hecke algebras. Yokonuma-type Hecke algebras specialize both to the group algebras of the complex reflection groups G(r,1,n) and to the convolution algebras of (B \(^{\prime }\),B \(^{\prime }\))-double cosets in the group algebras of finite general linear groups, for certain subgroups B \(^{\prime }\) consisting of upper triangular matrices. In particular, complete sets of inequivalent, irreducible modules for semisimple specializations of Yokonuma-type Hecke algebras are constructed.     

The varieties of Heisenberg vertex operator algebras

For a vertex operator algebra V with conformal vector ω,we consider a class of vertex operator subalgebras and their conformal vectors.They are called semi-conformal vertex operator subalgebras and semiconformal vectors of(V,ω),respectively,and were used to study duality theory of vertex operator algebras via coset constructions.Using these objects attached to(V,ω),we shall understand the structure of the vertex operator algebra(V,ω).At first,we define the set Sc(V,ω)of semi-conformal vectors of V, then we prove that Sc(V,ω)is an affine algebraic variety with a partial ordering and an involution map.Corresponding to each semi-conformal vector,there is a unique maximal semi-conformal vertex operator subalgebra containing it.The properties of these subalgebras are invariants of vertex operator algebras.As an example,we describe the corresponding varieties of semi-conformal vectors for Heisenberg vertex operator algebras.As an application,we give two characterizations of Heisenberg vertex operator algebras using the properties of these varieties.     

DISTINGUISHED PRE-NICHOLS ALGEBRAS

We formally define and study the distinguished pre-Nichols algebra \( \tilde{B} \)(V) of a braided vector space of diagonal type V with finite-dimensional Nichols algebra B(V). The algebra \( \tilde{B} \)(V) is presented by fewer relations than B(V), so it is intermediate between the tensor algebra T(V) and B(V). Prominent examples of distinguished pre-Nichols algebras are the positive parts of quantized enveloping (super)algebras and their multiparametric versions. We prove that these algebras give rise to new examples of Noetherian pointed Hopf algebras of finite Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. We investigate the kernel (in the sense of Hopf algebras) of the projection from \( \tilde{B} \)(V) to B(V), generalizing results of De Concini and Procesi on quantum groups at roots of unity.     

Character Connes amenability of dual Banach algebras

We study the notion of character Connes amenability of dual Banach algebras and show that if A is an Arens regular Banach algebra, then A^** is character Connes amenable if and only if A is character amenable, which will resolve positively Runde’s problem for this concept of amenability. We then characterize character Connes amenability of various dual Banach algebras related to locally compact groups. We also investigate character Connes amenability of Lau product and module extension of Banach algebras. These help us to give examples of dual Banach algebras which are not Connes amenable.     

Tensor products and relation quantales

A classical tensor product \({A \otimes B}\) of complete lattices A and B, consisting of all down-sets in \({A \times B}\) that are join-closed in either coordinate, is isomorphic to the complete lattice Gal(A,B) of Galois maps from A to B, turning arbitrary joins into meets. We introduce more general kinds of tensor products for closure spaces and for posets. They have the expected universal property for bimorphisms (separately continuous maps or maps preserving restricted joins in the two components) into complete lattices. The appropriate ingredient for quantale constructions is here distributivity at the bottom, a generalization of pseudocomplementedness. We show that the truncated tensor product of a complete lattice B with itself becomes a quantale with the closure of the relation product as multiplication iff B is pseudocomplemented, and that the tensor product has a unit element iff B is atomistic. The pseudocomplemented complete lattices form a semicategory in which the hom-set between two objects is their tensor product. The largest subcategory of that semicategory has as objects the atomic boolean complete lattices, which is equivalent to the category of sets and relations. More general results are obtained for closure spaces and posets.     

Span of a DL-algebra

Unless otherswise specified, all objects are defined over a field k of characteristic 0. Let K be a field. The unessentialness of an extension of the algebra Der K by means of a splittable semisimple Lie algebra is established. Let D _K be the category of differential Lie algebras (DL-algebras) (g;K). In this paper for an extension L/K the functor η:D _K → D _L , defining the tensor product L ? _K of vector spaces and the homomorphism of Lie algebras, is constructed. If the extension L/K is algebraic, then η is unique. The results will be required for strengthening the progress on Gelfand–Kirillov problem and weakened conjecture [1, 2].     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>*-Non-Linear Second Quantization

We construct an inductive system of C*-algebras each of which is isomorphic to a finite tensor product of copies of the one-mode n-th degree polynomial extension of the usual Weyl algebra constructed in our previous paper (Accardi and Dhahri in Open Syst Inf Dyn 22(3):1550001, 2015). We prove that the inductive limit C*-algebra is factorizable and has a natural localization given by a family of C*-sub-algebras each of which is localized on a bounded Borel subset of \({\mathbb{R}}\). Finally, we prove that the corresponding family of Fock states, defined on the inductive family of C*-algebras, is projective if and only if n = 1. This is a weak form of the no-go theorems which emerge in the study of representations of current algebras over Lie algebras.     

Tilting Modules Arising from Ring Epimorphisms

We show that a tilting module T over a ring R admits an exact sequence 0?→?R?→?T ₀?→?T ₁?→?0 such that \(T_0,T_1\in\text{Add}(T)\) and Hom _R (T ₁,T ₀)?=?0 if and only if T has the form S?⊕?S/R for some injective ring epimorphism λ : R?→?S with the property that \(\text{Tor}_1^R(S,S)=0\) and pdS _R ?≤?1. We then study the case where λ is a universal localization in the sense of Schofield (1985). Using results by Crawley-Boevey (Proc Lond Math Soc (3) 62(3):490–508, 1991), we give applications to tame hereditary algebras and hereditary noetherian prime rings. In particular, we show that every tilting module over a Dedekind domain or over a classical maximal order arises from universal localization.     

Simpleness of Leavitt path algebras with coefficients in a commutative semiring

In this paper, we study ideal- and congruence-simpleness for the Leavitt path algebras of directed graphs with coefficients in a commutative semiring S, establishing some fundamental properties of those algebras. We provide a complete characterization of ideal-simple Leavitt path algebras with coefficients in a commutative semiring S, extending the well-known characterizations when S is a field or a commutative ring. We also present a complete characterization of congruence-simple Leavitt path algebras over row-finite graphs with coefficients in a commutative semiring S.     

Geometric interpretation of the Wagner curvature tensor in the case of a manifold with contact metric structure

Considering a manifold (φ, ξ, η, g, X, D) with contact metric structure, we introduce the concept of N-extended connection (connection on a vector bundle (D, π,X)), with N an endomorphism of the distribution D, and show that the curvature tensor of each N-extended connection for a suitably chosen endomorphism N coincides with the Wagner curvature tensor.     

Cleft extensions of Koszul twisted Calabi–Yau algebras

Let H be a twisted Calabi–Yau (CY) Hopf algebra and σ a 2-cocycle on H. Let A be an N-Koszul twisted CY algebra such that A is a graded H^σ- module algebra. We show that the cleft extension A#_σH is also a twisted CY algebra. This result has two consequences. Firstly, the smash product of an N-Koszul twisted CY algebra with a twisted CY Hopf algebra is still a twisted CY algebra. Secondly, the cleft objects of a twisted CY Hopf algebra are all twisted CY algebras. As an application of this property, we determine which cleft objects of U(D, λ), a class of pointed Hopf algebras introduced by Andruskiewitsch and Schneider, are Calabi–Yau algebras.     

Free algebras of a unary variety with Mal’tsev’s operation that satisfies the Pixley conditions

In this paper we consider the variety V P of algebras with one unary and one ternary operation p that satisfies the Pixley identities, provided that operations are permutable. We describe the structure of a free algebra of the variety V P and study the structure of unary reducts of free algebras. We prove the solvability of the word problem in free algebras and the uniqueness of a free basis; we also describe groups of automorphisms of free algebras. Similar results are obtained for free algebras of a subvariety of the variety V P defined by the identities p(p(x, y, z), y, z) = p(x, y, z) and p(x, y, p(x, y, z)) = p(x, y, z).     

Contractive Hilbert modules and their dilations

In this note, we show that a quasi-free Hilbert module R defined over the polydisk algebra with kernel function k(z,w) admits a unique minimal dilation (actually an isometric co-extension) to the Hardy module over the polydisk if and only if S ^?1(z, w)k(z, w) is a positive kernel function, where S(z,w) is the Szegö kernel for the polydisk. Moreover, we establish the equivalence of such a factorization of the kernel function and a positivity condition, defined using the hereditary functional calculus, which was introduced earlier by Athavale [8] and Ambrozie, Englis and Müller [2]. An explicit realization of the dilation space is given along with the isometric embedding of the module R in it. The proof works for a wider class of Hilbert modules in which the Hardy module is replaced by more general quasi-free Hilbert modules such as the classical spaces on the polydisk or the unit ball in ? ^m . Some consequences of this more general result are then explored in the case of several natural function algebras.     

Extension Closedness of Syzygies and Local Gorensteinness of Commutative Rings

We refine a well-known theorem of Auslander and Reiten about the extension closedness of nth syzygies over noether algebras. Applying it, we obtain the converse of a celebrated theorem of Evans and Griffith on Serre’s condition (S _n ) and the local Gorensteiness of a commutative ring in height less than n. This especially extends a recent result of Araya and Iima concerning a Cohen–Macaulay local ring with canonical module to an arbitrary local ring.