A Rapid Densitometric Method for the Quantification of Luteolin in Medicinal Plants Using HPTLC

Luteolin, a flavonoid, is reported to occur widely in many medicinal plants. It has been shown to have important biological activities. We report sensitive HPTLC method for the quantification of luteolin from plant material. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. The method was found to be precise with RSDs for intraday in the range of 0.77–1.29% and inter–day in the range of 1.02–2.08%. Instrumental precision and repeatability of the method were found to be 0.39 and 0.57 (%CV). Accuracy of the method was checked by recovery study conducted at two different levels and the average percentage recovery was found to be 100.92%. The method was used for quantification of luteolin in three important herbal drugs viz. fruit of Cuminum cyminum, whole plant of Bacopa monnieri, flower of Achillea millefolium. The proposed HPTLC method for the quantification of luteolin was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and accurate and can be used for quality control of raw materials.Revised: 1 October 2003 and 18 February 2004     

Multiple Gradient TLC and Densitometric Analysis of p-Coumaric Acid in Some Medicinal Plants from the Family Solanaceae

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC -     

Study on Rapid Determination of Aristolochic Acids in Aristolochia Medicinal Plants

Aristolochicacid (AA)composedofAA ⅠandAA Ⅱ(Fig .1)isthemajortoxiccomponentex tractedfromAristolochia plants[1] .Recently ,ithasbeen provedbyseveralresearchesthathighdosesofaristolochicacids (AA)canresultinase verekidneydiseasenamedChineseherbsnephropa t…     

Study on Rapid Determination of Aristolochic Acids in Aristolochia Medicinal Plants

Aristolochic acid (AA) composed of AA-Ⅰ and AA-Ⅱ (Fig. 1 ) is the major toxic component extracted from Aristolochia plants. Recently, it has been proved by several researches that high doses of aristolochic acids (AA) can result in a severe kidney disease named Chinese herbs ne-     

TLC Densitometric Method for the Quantification of Eugenol and Gallic Acid in Clove

Eugenol and gallic acid are reported from the flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (clove). Both the compounds have been shown to give interesting biological activities and hence serve as biomarkers. We report a simple TLC densitometric method for the quantification of eugenol and gallic acid in clove. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. The method was found to be precise with RSD of 0.61 and 1.3 (intraday) and 0.96 and 0.24 (interday) for different concentrations of eugenol and gallic acid respectively. Instrumental precision was 0.24 and 0.21 (% CV) for eugenol and gallic acid respectively. Accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery study at two different levels for eugenol and gallic acid and the average percentage recoveries were found to be 99.79% and 97.90% respectively. The contents of eugenol and gallic acid in different samples of clove, as estimated by the proposed method, were found to be in the range of 12.9–14.6% and 0.31–0.61% respectively. The proposed HPTLC method for the estimation gallic acid and eugenol was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and accurate and can be used for routine quality control of clove.     

A Rapid Gpc Method for the Estimation of Hatcol-200 in Polymers

Abstract

A simple, rapid Gel permeation Chromatographic method has been discussed for the isolation and estimation of Hatcol 200, the newly introduced plasticizer for Poly(Viny1 Chloride). The non-interference of the ubiquitous phthalate esters is the added advantage of the method.     

Gas Chromatographic Method for Routine Determination of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids in Medicinal Plants

Summary A rapid and simple gas chromatographic method has been established for routine analysis of free oleanolic and ursolic acids in dried samples of medicinal herbs. Soxhlet extraction of triterpenes was followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Amounts of the compounds were measured by gas chromatography after silylation of the purified samples. Experiments were performed to establish the optimum conditions (e.g. solvent, and mode and duration of extraction) for calibration curve linearity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and recovery. The conditions used for derivatization and gas chromatographic analysis resulted in an improvement on literature data. The method devised enables accurate routine measurement of many samples in quite a short time (e.g. for chemotaxonomical screening, or quality control of herbal drugs). The practical application of the method was illustrated on five Lamiaceae species.     

A Rapid Method for Extraction and Estimation of Abscisic Acid from Plant Tissue Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

A simple, rapid and economical method for the determination of the abscisic acid content in different plant organs was described. Silica Sep-Pak prepacked cartridges were used for prepurification of plant extracts. The abscisic acid content in the extract was determined by HPLC.     

New Rapid Validated HPTLC Method for the Determination of Lycorine in Amaryllidaceae Plants Extracts

A rapid, accurate, specific, repeatable and robust HPTLC method for the determination of lycorine in different Amaryllidaceae plant extracts is presented in this work. No article related to the HPTLC determination of lycorine in plant extracts has been reported in literature. Lycorine, a common alkaloid of family Amaryllidaceae, moreover, there have been some recent reports which reveal the interaction of lycorine with DNA and tRNA. It has, therefore, been to the interest of phytochemists to determine the content of this alkaloid in Amaryllidaceaous plants.     

A Rapid Densitometric TLC Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Costunolide and Dehydrocostus Lactone in Saussurea Costus

Costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone are two guianolide sesquiterpene lactones present in abundance in Saussurea costus, a plant popularly known as `costus' and renowned throughout the world for its medicinal properties. A simple densitometric TLC method for simultaneous quantification of costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone, without derivatization, has been developed as an alternative to gas chromatography. The method enables rapid, sensitive, and reproducible simultaneous analysis of a variety of samples. The method was validated for precision, repeatability, and accuracy in accordance with ICH guidelines. Amounts of costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone in different samples of costus, estimated by use of this method, were in the range 0.46 to 1.00% and 0.81 to 1.21%, respectively. The proposed method is simple, precise, specific, sensitive, and accurate and can be used by the herbal drug industry for routine quality control of the crude drug costus.     

Rapid Determination of Aristolochic Acids I and II in Some Medicinal Plants by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Aristolochic acids (AA) are toxic components of Aristolochia plants which result in diseases of the kidney such as urothelial cancer. It is, therefore, essential to monitor the amount of aristolochic acid in herbal medicines. In this study a reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for rapid determination of aristolochic acids I and II. Baseline separation was achieved within five minutes by use of an ODS C₁₈ column with methanol–water, 60:40, as mobile phase. Two kinds of aristolochic acid were successfully determined in 31 herbal samples of Aristolochia fangchi Wu and Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis. The results indicated that in most samples the aristolochic acid I content is much higher than that of aristolochic acid II. The two kinds of aristolochic acid were not detected in Aristolochia fangchi from the Guangdong region, so Aristolochia fangchi from this region is recommended for use in herbal remedies.     

Validation of HPLC Method for Analysis of Gamma-Aminobutyric and Glutamic Acids in Plant Foods and Medicinal Plants

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammals and plays an important role in the suppression of neurons’ excitability. GABA is formed from the decarboxylation of glutamic acid (Glu), and both GABA and Glu could be considered as important biologically active food components. In the current study, we validated a HPLC method for concomitant detection of GABA and Glu in plant samples after derivatization with dansyl chloride. The validated method had high precision and a high recovery rate and was successfully used for GABA and Glu quantification in 55 plant foods (fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, pseudocereals, and nuts) and 19 medicinal plants. Vegetables were the most important dietary source of these amino acids, with the highest quantity of GABA found in potatoes—44.86 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW) and yellow cherry tomatoes—36.82 mg/100 g FW. The highest amount of Glu (53.58 mg/100 g FW) was found in red cherry tomatoes. Analyzed fruits were relatively poor in GABA and Glu, and European gooseberry was the richest fruit with 13.18 mg/100 g FW GABA and 10.95 mg/100 g FW Glu. Cereals, pseudocereals, nuts, and legumes contain much higher amounts of Glu than GABA. The obtained results enrich the available information on the content of gamma-aminobutyric and glutamic acids in plant foods and could be used for the development of GABA-enriched functional foods.     

Impact of Flavonoid Composition of Medicinal Plants: Difficulties in Selecting an LC Method

In order to understand the role of flavonoids in the pharmacodynamics of medicinal plants the impact of flavonoid composition on antioxidant activity was studied. Antioxidant capacity was determined by TEAC assay, flavonoid composition was examined by liquid chromatography. This study presents the difficulties experienced in selecting a proper method for analyzing flavonoid aglycones. Standard molecules and plant extracts were examined applying three HPLC systems. System 1 (RP-C18, ACN, CH₃COOH-H₂O) is similar to the one formerly used for flavonoid glycosides, System 2 (HS-PEG, MeOH-HCOOH, HCOOH-H₂O) was recommended by the manufacturer for the very purpose, System 3 (RP-C18, MeOH, H₃PO₄-H₂O) was developed in our laboratory. Our results show that owing to the complexity of plant extracts, certain identification can only be attained by analyzing the samples in at least three chromatographic systems. Otherwise overlapping of bands may lead to misinterpretation of the chromatograms.

     

Bienzymatic Spectrophotometric Method for Uric Acid Estimation in Human Serum and Urine

Journal of Analytical Chemistry - In this study, a novel and efficient bienzymatic method for the quantification of uric acid in serum and urine samples was developed. This method is based on the...     

Simple Rapid Validated RP-LC Method for the Estimation of Flurbiprofen in Rabbit Serum and Aqueous Humor

Abstract

New reversed-phase liquid chromatographic methods, with UV detection, were developed for the quantitative estimation of flurbiprofen in rabbit blood serum and aqueous humor. The mobile phase and other chromatographic conditions were optimized to minimize interference from biological matrix and at the same time provide sufficient sensitivity for the method to be adopted for in vivo studies of ophthalmic formulations of flurbiprofen. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate proteins from serum or aqueous humor during sample preparation. A mobile phase of methanol: acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH 5.6 (40:20:40) was employed with UV detection at 248 nm for estimation of drug in both the biological matrix. The retention time and asymmetry factor for the proposed method of estimation in serum and aqueous humor was found to be 3.1312±0.0101 min and 1.1310±0.0091 respectively. The linear regression equations obtained by least square regression method, were Area (µV sec) = 52.27 × Conc. (in ng/ml)–1618.70 in serum and Area (µV sec) = 61.79 × Conc. (in ng/ml) ? 783.24 in aqueous humor. The results of analysis were treated statistically, as per ICH guidelines for validation of analytical procedures, USP-2003, and by recovery studies. The results were found to be accurate, reproducible and free from interference. The developed methods were further used for estimation of flurbiprofen in rabbit serum and aqueous humor following single topical administration of in-house aqueous drop and market formulation to rabbit eye.     

The Potential Use of Herbal Fingerprints by Means of HPLC and TLC for Characterization and Identification of Herbal Extracts and the Distinction of Latvian Native Medicinal Plants

The growing market of herbal medicines, the increase in international trade in Latvia, and the lack of adequate analytical methods have raised the question of the potential use of herbal fingerprinting methods. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) methods were developed for obtaining chromatographic fingerprints of four taxonomically and evolutionary different medicinal plants (Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Calendula officinalis L., Matricaria recutita L., Achillea millefolium L.). Retention time shifting, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) analysis were used to improve and analyze the obtained fingerprints. HPLC data detection at 270 nm was determined superior to 360 nm for the distinction of medicinal plants and used data alignment method significantly increased similarity between samples. Analyzed medicinal plant extracts formed separate, compact clusters in PCA, and the results of HCA correlated with the evolutionary relationships of the analyzed medicinal plants. Herbal fingerprinting using chromatographic analysis coupled with multivariate analysis has a great potential for the identification of medicinal plants as well as for the distinction of Latvian native medicinal plants.     

An HPTLC Method for the Evaluation of Two Medicinal Plants Commercially Available in the Indian Market Under the Common Trade Name Brahmadandi

Brahmadandi is an important medicinal plant used in the Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda) for the treatment of numerous diseases. A literature search revealed that different plants are available on the market under the trade name Brahmadandi viz., roots of Echinops echinatus Roxb, and the aerial parts of Tricholepis glaberrima DC which are sold either in their crude or in powdered form. Currently, no analytical procedures appear to be available for quality control purposes. In the present communication, we report a simple HPTLC method for the quantification of the lupeol content in the aforementioned plant species. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. Instrument precision and repeatability of the method were found to be 0.56 and 2.87 %RSD, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision of the method was determined to be in the ranges of 0.71–2.02 and 1.03–2.02 %RSD, respectively. Accuracy of the method was evaluated by a recovery study conducted at three different levels. The mean percentage recovery was found to be 100.85%. The developed HPTLC method for estimation of lupeol was found to be simple, precise and accurate and may be useful for routine quality control of the commercial samples of Brahmadandi.     

荒漠植物中总脱氧核糖核酸分子的提取方法

建立了荒漠植物总脱氧核糖核酸分子（DNA）的提取方法.荒漠植物叶片加少量交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPP粉末）研磨三次以上,得到样品超细粉末.样品粉末迅速加入前处理缓冲液,混匀后低速离心,弃上清留下沉淀物,在沉淀物中加入等体积预热的提取裂解液,混匀后60~70℃温浴1 h.高速离心提取上清液加入纯化液混匀、抽提、离心.再次提取混合液上清,加入预冷的异丙醇,-18℃沉淀DNA 0.5 h以上,异丙醇溶液高速离心,取沉淀用75%乙醇清洗两遍,晾干,加入超纯水溶解.方法具有操作简单和耗时少等优点,操作过程大约2~3 h.DNA损失少,产量高于500 ng/μL.方法提取主要荒漠植物叶片DNA纯度高、完整性好,具有广泛适用性.     

EDTA容量法快速测定酸法生产金属镓的液体物料中镓含量

建立了在酸法生产金属镓过程中,用NH4F掩蔽溶液中的铝,加入过量的EDTA标准溶液使之与镓元素完全络合,调整条件试剂硼酸溶液和无水乙醇的加入量,保证终点的准确判断,过量EDTA以PAN为指示剂用硫酸铜标准溶液回滴求得液体物料中镓含量的分析方法.实验表明,方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8％～6.5％,加标回收率为97.14％～104.0％.方法有较高的准确性和可靠性,且测定结果精密度高,可实现酸法生产金属镓液体物料中镓含量的快速检测.