共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 72 毫秒
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用气相色谱以程序升温方式分析了石脑油,并将各组分程序升温保留时间转移为恒温保留指数。以各组分在OV-1和SE-54固定相上、同一柱温下的保留指数差及在各柱上的温度系数为3因素进行斜交因子分析和本征矢量旋转,给出了石脑油样品的族组成值,经色谱-质谱仪分析验证了结果的正确性,为石脑油样吕的族组成分析提供了一种新方法。 相似文献
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用气相色谱以程序升温方式分析了石脑油 ,并将各组分程序升温保留时间转换为恒温保留指数。以各组分在OV -1和SE -54固定相上、同一柱温下的保留指数差及在各柱上的温度系数为3因素进行斜交因子分析和本征矢量旋转 ,给出了石脑油样品的族组成值 ,经色谱 -质谱仪分析验证了结果的正确性 ,为石脑油样品的族组成分析提供了一种新方法。 相似文献
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高效可逆吸附测定含烯汽油族组成的气相色谱法研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在研制成功高效烯烃可逆吸附剂AD-1的基础上,开发了一套适于日常分析的高稳定性专用SOA分析系统和相应的分析方法。分析样品时,样品先进入极性分析柱(COL.1),芳烃留在柱中,烯烃与烷烃继续进入可逆吸附柱(COL.2)。烯烃被吸附,烷烃进入检测器,待饱和烃全部流出后,切换十通阀反吹芳烃,待芳烃完全流出后再将十通阀切换回进样状态,同时将吸附柱升温至200℃,使烯烃脱附出来,利用积分仪以面积归一法计算出样品中的饱和烃(S)、芳烃(A)及烯烃(O)的含量。至此完成一次样品分析。 相似文献
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基于支持向量机的汽油族组成近红外光谱分析方法研究 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
提出一种基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的汽油族组成近红外光谱分析方法。采用国家标准方法(GB 11132-1989液体石油产品烃类测定法——荧光指示剂吸附法)测定了重庆地区销售的汽油族组成,并采用主成分分析-最小二乘支持向量机建立汽油族组成的预测模型。预测模型对汽油中芳烃和烯烃含量的RMSEC分别为0.2090和0.2142。实验结果表明所建模型具有计算量小,预测准确、可靠,而且操作简单、维护费及测试费用低等特点。 相似文献
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Na Li Jijiang Ge Li Zhang Xiaoling Liu Jing Wang 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(2):258-264
Betaine surfactants with lipophilic groups of different lengths were synthesized in this research and the dynamic interfacial tension (IFT) between solutions of these surfactants and three kinds of crude oil from Shengli Oilfield are measured. The results indicated that, for Gudao and Gudong heavy oil, cetyl dimethyl hydroxyl sulfobetaine (SBET-16) was the most efficient in lowering the IFT in the case of no alkalis, while for Shengtuo heavy oil, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine (CBET-16) was best. SBET-16 with the concentration of 0.003–0.1% and 0.005–0.1% can reduce the oil/water IFT to ultra-low for Gudao and Gudong oil respectively, CBET-16 with the concentration of 0.005–0.1% can lower the oil/water IFT to ultra-low for Shengtuo oil. These results showed that for different oils, an oil displacement agent with high capacity to lower the oil/water interfacial tension may be obtained only by changing the molecular structure of betaine surfactant. This study can be used to guide the design of surfactants for alkaline-free combination flooding. 相似文献
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Wan-Fen Pu Xiao-chao Wang Lin Sun Ruo-kun Zhao Wen-jing Song 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2016,37(4):602-611
Wettablity alteration of rock surface is an important mechanism for surfactant-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes. Two salt and temperature-tolerant surfactant formulations were developed based on the conditions of high temperature (97–120°C) and high salinity (20 × 104 mg/L) reservoirs where a surfactant-based EOR process is attempted. Both the two sufactant formulations can achieve ultralow interfacial tension level (≤10?3 mN/m) with crude oil after aging for 125 days at reservoir conditions. Wettability alteration of core slices induced by the two surfactant formulations was evalutated by measuring contact angles. Core flooding experiments were carried out to study the influence of initial rock wettabilities on oil recovery in the crude oil/surfactant/formation water/rock system. The results indicated that the two formulations could turn oil-wet core slices into water-wet at 90–120°C and 20 × 104 mg/L salinity, while the water-wet core slices retained their hydrophilic nature. The core flooding experiments showed that the water-wet cores could yield higher oil recovery compared with the oil-wet cores in water flooding, surfactant, and subsequent water flooding process. The two surfactant formulations could successfully yield additional oil recovery in both oil-wet and water-wet cores. 相似文献
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Umer Farooq Sébastien Simon Medad T. Tweheyo Johan Sjöblom 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(5):701-708
Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial tensions between crude oil fractions and aqueous solutions of various compositions and pH were measured. The basic oil components seemed to determine the interfacial tensions at pH 2, while the non-dissociated and dissociated acidic components governed the interfacial tension at the natural pH and pH 9, respectively. The ionic composition of the aqueous phase influenced the degree of dissociation of the acidic components at pH 9: Na+ ions in the aqueous phase promoted dissociation of the interfacial acidic components (compared to pure water), while Ca2+ ions resulted in complexation with the dissociated acids and most likely formation of stable interfacial films. The amount of Ca2+ determined which of these phenomena that dominated when both ions were present in sea water solutions. Generally, the interfacial tensions of the oil fractions were lower when measured against the high salinity aqueous solutions than against the corresponding low salinity solutions. 相似文献
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应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对某品牌进口多元醇酯(POE)冷冻机油(简称A油)的化学组成和结构进行剖析。FTIR光谱图显示A油为季戊四醇脂肪酸酯,且表明其酯化完全。从GC-MS的总离子流色谱图可推断A油有5种主要组成;从A油经甲酯化后的GC-MS谱图可推断A油系季戊四醇与辛酸和壬酸酯化反应的产物。如酯化反应达到完全,则能产生6种产物,由于其中2种产物为同分异构体,因此在图谱中只出现5个信号峰。在实验室中用季戊四醇和壬酸模拟A油的合成,经分析所得产物,证实了对A油组成的推断。 相似文献
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Baofeng Hou Xulong Cao Jun Zhang Xinwang Song Mingchen Ding 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2016,37(9):1259-1267
Different measurements were conducted to study the mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by surfactant-induced wettability alteration. The adhesion work could be reduced by the surfactant-induced wettability alteration from oil-wet conditions to water-wet conditions. Surfactant-induced wettability alteration has a great effect on the relative permeabilities of oil and water. The relative permeability of the oil phase increases with the increase of the water-wetness of the solid surface. Seepage laws of oil and water are greatly affected by surfactant-induced wettability alteration. Water flows forward along the pore wall in the water-wet rocks and moves forward along the center of the pores in the oil-wet rocks during the surfactant flooding. For the intermediate-wet system, water uniformly moves forward and the contact angle between the oil–water interface and the pore surface is close to 90°. The direction of capillary force is consistent with the direction of water flooding for the water-wet surface. While for the oil-wet surface, the capillary force direction is opposite to the water-flooding direction. The highest oil recovery by water flooding is obtained at close to neutral wetting conditions and the minimal oil recovery occurs under oil-wet conditions. 相似文献
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Carmen M. S. Ambrosio Gloria L. Diaz-Arenas Leidy P. A. Agudelo Elena Stashenko Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo Eduardo M. da Gloria 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(10)
Essential oils (EOs) from Citrus are the main by-product of Citrus-processing industries. In addition to food/beverage and cosmetic applications, citrus EOs could also potentially be used as an alternative to antibiotics in food-producing animals. A commercial citrus EO—Brazilian Orange Terpenes (BOT)—was fractionated by vacuum fractional distillation to separate BOT into various fractions: F1, F2, F3, and F4. Next, the chemical composition and biological activities of BOT and its fractions were characterized. Results showed the three first fractions had a high relative amount of limonene (≥10.86), even higher than the whole BOT. Conversely, F4 presented a larger relative amount of BOT’s minor compounds (carvone, cis-carveol, trans-carveol, cis-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, and trans-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol) and a very low relative amount of limonene (0.08–0.13). Antibacterial activity results showed F4 was the only fraction exhibiting this activity, which was selective and higher activity on a pathogenic bacterium (E. coli) than on a beneficial bacterium (Lactobacillus sp.). However, F4 activity was lower than BOT. Similarly, F4 displayed the highest antioxidant activity among fractions (equivalent to BOT). These results indicated that probably those minor compounds that detected in F4 would be more involved in conferring the biological activities for this fraction and consequently for the whole BOT, instead of the major compound, limonene, playing this role exclusively. 相似文献
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Jianwen Da Tiancun Xiao Jianming Su Xingzhong Xu Malcolm. L. H. Green * . Research Institute of Qilu Petrochem. Corp. Zibo China . The Wolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of O 《高等学校化学研究》2002,18(2):169-174
IntroductionZeolitesareveryimportantcatalyticmaterialsandwidelyusedinchemicalindustriesfortheircrys tallinealuminosilicatenetwork .However ,theirappli cationisstilllimitedbytherelativelysmallporeopen ings ,particularlybythedepletionofthelightreservesofth… 相似文献
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随着工业的发展,油水污染日渐严重,特别是石油的泄露、有机化学品的排放对生态环境造成了难以挽救的损害。因此,开发新型高效的油水分离材料与技术是一个极为重要的任务。特殊润湿性油水分离材料的出现,为科研人员指明了道路。本文以用于油水分离的特殊润湿性材料为研究体系;首先,对具有特殊润湿性油水分离材料的基本理论和设计理念进行分析;然后介绍了通过调控材料表面的微观结构和表面化学组成制备特殊润湿性材料实现不同的油水分离效果的研究进展,并且尝试从微纳米尺度上揭示特殊润湿性材料的特征,形成从微纳米尺度上揭示油水分离用材料化学品结构特征的技术基础。最后指出了目前在油水分离用功能材料化学品这一领域存在的一些问题,并对这一领域的发展趋势进行展望。 相似文献