植物钙调素与Ce3+离子结合反应的荧光光谱法研究

水合Ce^3＋离子发射强荧光,而用Ce^3＋滴定植物钙调素（CaM）时,Ce^3＋离子荧光被完全淬灭,据此建立了测定Ce^3＋离子与植物钙调素结合位点数及逐级结合常数的方法。实验表明,Ce^3＋离子与植物钙调素的荧光激发光谱及发射光谱形状与光谱强度都有显著差别,前者的荧光强度远大于后者,故CaM存在时可以测定游离Ce^3＋的浓度。Ce^3＋离子荧光淬灭法测定结果说明,在0.5 mol·L^-1KCl溶液中,CaM有4个Ce^3＋离子结合位点。进一步通过Ce^3＋滴定植物钙调素的实验,并结合Excel规划求解法,计算出Ce^3＋与CaM的结合常数,K1=4.17×10^7,K2=1.26×10^7,K3=1.89×10^6,K4=2.04×10^6。     

Tb3+离子发光探针研究Ca2+,La3+和Al3+与拟南芥钙调素的竞争结合

利用Tb3 离子的发光, 研究了Tb3 与拟南芥钙调素 (CaM)结合的荧光光谱及荧光滴定曲线特点, 然后利用Tb3 4*CaM系统在221 nm直接激发和280 nm敏化激发的光谱变化研究了Ca2 , La3 和Al3 与拟南芥钙调素 (CaM) 的竞争结合作用. 结果表明: Tb3 , La3 与钙调素的竞争结合能力强于Ca2 , 而Tb3 的竞争结合力又大于La3 , Ca2 与钙调素的结合力远大于Al3 . 竞争实验的结果从分子水平上揭示了Tb3 , La3 和Al3 等金属离子生物效应可能的分子机制.     

纳米银对铕-吡啶-2,6-二羧酸配合物荧光增强效应的研究

研究了纳米银对分别以水、重水、乙醇和二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂的铕-吡啶-2,6-二羧酸(Eu(III)DPA)配合物溶液的荧光增强效应.研究结果表明,Eu(III)DPA溶液中加入纳米银,电偶极跃迁(5D0→7F2)和磁偶极跃迁(5D0→7F1)发射强度先增强而后逐渐下降,5D0→7F2的荧光增强效率高于5D0→7F1的荧光增强效率.在乙醇溶剂中纳米银对Eu(III)DPA溶液的荧光增强效应最大.在水或重水或乙醇溶剂中,Eu(III)DPA的不对称率明显提高,而在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中几乎不变.分析认为,纳米银对Eu(III)DPA溶液荧光的影响与纳米银表面等离子体共振与激发态荧光中心强烈耦合以及表面等离子体再吸收有关.     

离子电极电位滴定法研究钙与钙调素结合平衡及其应用

利用钙离子与钙调素(CaM)有4个结合位点的特点,以钙离子选择电极络合电位滴定法测定了Ca2+与CaM络合反应的滴定终点,用滴定终点时Ca2+的准确浓度,结合cCa2＋＝4cCaM计算得到CaM浓度。此方法一般可估算低至5×10-6mol／L的钙调素浓度。所求钙调素浓度与凯氏定氮法测定的结果一致。采用此方法测量钙调素浓度具有用量少、方法简便、准确性高的优点。     

花粉多肽对钙调素的拮抗作用研究

研究了在Ca²⁺存在下荞麦花粉肽及其类似物和丹磺酰标记的钙调素(D-CaM)的相互作用,结果表明,除肽BP-1外,都能与D-CaM结合而形成复合物。利用荧光光谱法测定了这些复合物的解离常数K_d.在所研究的多肽中以BP-13拮抗CaM作用最强,其K_d值为4.6×10^-2μmol/L,抑制钙依赖性磷酸二酯酶活性的IC₅₀为2.2μmol/L.我们还发现,当D-丙氨酸残基取代没有亲和性的BP-1中甘氨酸残基时,其亲和性明显提高。     

稀土发光探针研究植物钙调素及其与拮抗剂的相互作用

从花椰菜（Ｂｒａｓｉｃａｏｌｅｒａｃｅａｖａｒ，ｂｏｔｒｙｔｉｓＬ．）中提取、纯化植物钙调素（ＣａＭ），并通过激活辅酶Ｉ激酶及Ｎ（６氮基）５氯萘磺胺（Ｗ７）拮抗实验对其进行鉴定。通过内源荧光及三价铽发光确定了花椰菜钙调素中含有一个酪氨酸（Ｔｙｒ）及４个金属结合位点，利用Ｆｒｓｔｅｒ型能量传递理论测量了Ｔｙｒ→Ⅲ，Ⅳ位点之间距离分别为１２３ｎｍ及１１８ｎｍ，进一步通过Ｅｕ３＋、Ｔｂ３＋发光的结果说明植物钙调素与拮抗剂Ｗ７结合过程中，钙调素的构象发生了变化，但其金属配位环境基本无变化。     

多肽与花粉钙调素的相互作用及对细胞功能的影响

研究了在Ca²⁺存在下,丹磺酰标记的花粉钙调素(D-pCaM)与合成的多肽相互作用的规律.研究结果表明,被研究的绝大多数多肽能与D-pCaM结合而形成复合物,使D-pCaM的荧光光谱发生变化.用荧光法测定了这些复合物的解离常数K_d,其中肽BP-13的Kd值为4.0nmol/L,是与pCaM结合能力最强的一个多肽.除证明了多肽的疏水性,预测二级结构形成倾向和链长对其与pCaM结合能力有影响外,还发现用D-丙氨酸取代肽链中的Gly或L-丙氨酸后,可改变肽对pCaM的亲和性,这为提高多肽与钙调素的亲和力提供了一条改进的途径.我们的研究还可以定性地说明不同来源CaM性质相似又有差异,反映了它们的高度保守性和变异性.同时还展示了所研究的多肽对细胞信息传导过程的影响,为研究CaM对细胞功能调节的作用机制和建立pCaM拮抗肽的活性筛选模型提供了思路.     

光谱法研究钙调素与蜂毒肽片断及其类似物的相互作用

设计合成了蜂毒肽片断及其类似物: Mel15, Mel15(8F)和Mel15(7P), 这些多肽与钙调素有很强的结合力, 而且链段很短, 因此它们可作为钙调素可结合蛋白质的结合部位的模型。本文采用光谱法研究了它们与钙调素的相互作用。荧光发射光谱法结果表明, 多肽Mel15在与钙调素相互作用时, 肽链中的Trp基团的微环境变得更加疏水, 说明Mel15中的Trp残基可能与钙调素的疏水性表面靠近。紫外差谱测试表明, 只有当钙调素分子结合2个Ca^2^+后, 才可以与多肽Mel15(8F)结合。圆二色谱法研究表明, 多肽与钙调素结合后多肽分子和钙调素分子的α-螺旋结构的含量都被诱导而增加, 结合力越大, 则越多的残基被诱导形成α-螺旋结构。     

光谱法研究钙调素与蜂毒肽片断及其类似物的相互作用

设计合成了蜂毒肽片断及其类似物:Mel15,Mel15(8F)和Mel15(7P),这些多肽与钙调素有很强的结合力,而且链段很短,因此它们可作为钙调素可结合蛋白质的结合部位的模型.本文采用光谱法研究了它们与钙调素的相互作用.荧光发射光谱法结果表明,多肽Mel15在与钙调素相互作用时,肽链中的Trp基团的微环境变得更加疏水,说明Mel15中的Trp残基可能与钙调素的疏水性表面靠近.紫外差谱测试表明,只有当钙调素分子结合2个Ca~(2+)后,才可以与多肽Mel15(8F)结合.圆二色谱法研究表明,多肽与钙调素结合后多肽分子和钙调素分子的α-螺旋结构的含量都被诱导而增加,结合力越大,则越多的残基被诱导形成α-螺旋结构.     

3-甲基吲哚对胰α-淀粉酶部分性质的影响

利用利紫外差光谱、荧光光谱研究了3-甲基吲哚(粪臭素)与胰α-淀粉酶的相互作用。Stern2—Volmer淬灭曲线显示粪臭素对胰α-淀粉酶的荧光猝灭是静态猝灭。以lg[(F0-F)/F]对lg[Q]作线性拟合得出其结合常数KA=4.61×103(mol/L)-1,与结合位点数n=0.83。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.