超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱法检测果汁和葡萄酒中的27种工业染料

建立了以超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测果汁和葡萄酒中27种工业染料的方法。样品经乙腈振荡提取,在盐析作用下分层,目标化合物转移至乙腈层中。目标化合物在梯度洗脱条件下经C18柱分离后采用多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测。其中24种工业染料使用正离子模式检测,流动相为乙腈和0.1%的甲酸水溶液;其余3种工业染料则采用负离子模式检测,流动相为乙腈和水。结果表明: 果汁中27种工业染料的定量限(LOQ)为0.1～50 μg/kg,回收率为57.0%～117.7%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～17.7%。葡萄酒中的LOQ为0.2～50 μg/kg,回收率为40.8%～109.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～17.9%。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,实现了不同种类的工业染料的同时提取,适合于软饮料中非法添加工业染料的快速检测。     

高效液相色谱法快速测定鸭肉和鸭蛋中苏丹红染料

建立了一种快速测定鸭肉和鸭蛋中苏丹红染料的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品经乙腈提取后浓缩至干,最后用乙腈定容;采用ZorbaxSB-C18柱,以乙腈-水为流动相等度洗脱,进行高效液相色谱分离,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。6种苏丹红染料标准曲线的线性回归系数均在0.999以上;线性范围为30～1000μg/L;检出限在4～13μg/kg之间。同时在40、80和200μg/kg3个添加浓度水平下添加回收率为85.3%～96.6%;相对标准偏差在1.8%～5.2%之间。本方法具有快速、灵敏的特点。     

反相液相色谱法同时检测染发剂中4种合成染料的研究

应用超高效液相色谱(UPLC),建立了一套同时分析染发剂中酸性紫6B、罗丹明B、甲基紫2B、结晶紫4种染料类化合物的方法。该方法用V(乙腈):V(水)=30:70萃取染发剂中的染料类成分,定容后用作UPLC检测。经CapcellPakC18色谱柱分离,检测器波长560nm。4种染料类物质的检出限均不高于0.01μg/mL,定量限均不高于0.05μg/mL。用外标法定量,3个添加水平下,4种物质回收率在74.60%～109.15%之间,RSD(n=6)在0.67%～12%之间。方法可用于染发剂中合成染料类物质的快速检测。     

气相色谱-质谱法同时测定氧化型染发剂中的17种染料

建立了氧化型染发剂中17种染料中间体(包括苯二胺类、氨基酚类、苯二酚类、萘酚和氨基吡啶类等)的气相色谱-质谱检测方法. 采用体积分数为50%的乙醇超声提取染发剂中的染料中间体, 加入还原剂连二亚硫酸钠防止待测物变质, 选择DB\|WAX毛细管柱实现了在25 min内同时分离17种水溶性和醇溶性染料. 结果表明, 本方法对所测物质的检出限(LOD)为2～380 mg/kg, 定量限(LOQ)为7.5～1267.5 mg/kg. 在1, 2, 10, 20或100倍LOQ 4个添加水平下的平均回收率在81.1％～103.7％之间, 相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.67%～3.73%之间.     

固相萃取结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测食品中的6种工业染料

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测食品中6种工业染料含量的方法。样品用含50%甲醇和1%甲酸的50 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液进行提取、WAX弱阴离子交换固相萃取柱进行净化后,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测,基质曲线外标法定量。其中酸性橙Ⅱ采用负离子模式检测,其余5种染料采用正离子模式检测。碱性橙Ⅱ、罗丹明B、碱性嫩黄O、罗丹明6G、碱性桃红T的定量限为1.6 mg/kg,酸性橙Ⅱ为6.0 mg/kg;碱性橙Ⅱ、罗丹明B、碱性嫩黄O、罗丹明6G、碱性桃红T的线性范围为1.0~100.0 mg/L;酸性橙Ⅱ的线性范围为5.0~100 mg/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999。6种染料的回收率为70.3%~109.2%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.6%~14.1%。本方法灵敏度高,操作简单高效,适合于食品中6种非法添加工业染料的定量及确证分析。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测番茄制品中苏丹红

采用HPLC/MS-MS鉴定和检测番茄制品中苏丹红染料Ⅰ～Ⅳ。番茄制品中苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ,经正己烷加乙酸溶液提取,氧化铝柱净化,再用二氯甲烷洗脱苏丹红,经浓缩至干,流动相定容,液相色谱串联质谱测定,外标法定量。将已用HPLC法测定过的10个可疑样品,用该方法进行检测,结果有4个检了苏丹红Ⅰ。采用本方法检测苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ,检测限均可达到1.0μg/kg,在添加浓度1～100μg/kg之间线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均>0.9990,对于1、5、10μg/kg水平添加回收率在72.3%～103%之间,相对标准偏差在2.5%～9.8%之间。     

凝胶净化/超高效液相色谱电喷雾质谱法检测调味油中11种禁用偶氮染料及罗丹明B

建立了凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化/超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测调味油中11种脂溶性偶氮类工业染料(苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ、苏丹红7B、苏丹红G、苏丹黄、苏丹橙G、苏丹蓝Ⅱ、甲苯胺红、对位红)和罗丹明B的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1∶1)提取,采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)去除大分子油脂、天然色素等干扰物质;以乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相,目标化合物在梯度洗脱条件下经C18柱分离后采用多离子反应监测(MRM)正离子模式进行检测。结果表明:调味油中12种工业染料的线性范围为1～50μg/L,定量下限(LOQ)为0.2～2.5μg/kg,在5、20、40μg/L 3个加标水平下的回收率为54%～125%,相对标准偏差为2.5%～17.2%。随机抽取市售35份样品进行检测,其中两份样品检出罗丹明B。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高,实现了11种禁用偶氮染料和罗丹明B的同时提取和净化,适合于调味油中非法添加脂溶性偶氮工业染料和罗丹明B的筛查与确证。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中50种非法添加药物

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）同时测定化妆品中50种非法添加化学药物定性筛查及定量分析方法.不同基质样品经乙腈溶液（含0.5%甲酸）提取后,冷冻离心,上清液采用2 mg/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠水溶液定容,以甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相,经CAPCELL CORE C18色谱柱梯度洗脱分离.采用电喷雾电离（ESI）,以多重反应监测（MRM）模式进行正负离子检测.所测50种化学药物在10～100 ng/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系（r值均大于0.991 0）,精密度、重复性良好,平均回收率在87.2%～109.7%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）不超过10.0%,方法检出限为0.05～33 ng/g,定量限为0.15～99 ng/g.方法简便、灵敏度高、重复性好,可以实现化妆品中50种非法添加化学药物快速、准确的定性筛查和定量测定.     

柱后衍生-高效液相色谱法测定烟草中游离氨基酸

建立了柱后衍生-高效液相色谱法分离检测烟草中19种游离氨基酸的方法。样品经0.005 mol/L的盐酸超声提取,高效锂阳离子交换柱分离后,采用OPA柱后衍生,荧光检测器检测。各氨基酸在样品含量范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)均大于0.999,在烤烟中的加标回收率为87.73%～100.02%,相对标准偏差在2.7%～6.0%之间,检出限0.13～2.00μmol/L。方法可用于烟草中游离氨基酸的分析。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定辣椒粉及辣椒油中的7种罗丹明染料

建立了辣椒粉及辣椒油中7种罗丹明染料的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。样品经正己烷或甲醇-水(体积比为1:1)溶液提取后,经固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,采用SB-C18柱分离,以乙腈和水(含体积分数为0.1%的甲酸)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用正离子模式质谱检测,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行定性定量测定。7种罗丹明类染料在0.0005～1.0 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.997;方法的检出限分别为0.21～51 μg/kg(辣椒粉)和0.19～25 μg/kg(辣椒油);方法的回收率为85.0%～106.0%,日内及日间相对标准偏差均小于20%。该方法简单、灵敏度高、分析时间短,适用于辣椒粉和辣椒油中7种罗丹明染料的同时测定。     

Establishment of an immunoaffinity chromatography for simultaneously selective extraction of Sudan I, II, III and IV from food samples

The establishment of an immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) for simultaneously selective extraction of four illegal colorants Sudan dyes (Sudan I, II, II and IV) from food samples was described. The IAC column was constructed by covalently coupling monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Sudan I to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B and packed into a common solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. It was observed that IAC column was able to separately capture Sudan I, II, III and IV with maximum capacity of 295, 156, 184 and 173ng, respectively. The extraction conditions including loading, washing and eluting solutions were carefully optimized. Under optimal conditions, the extraction recoveries of the IAC column for Sudan I-IV at two different spiked concentrations were within 95.3-106.9%. After 50 times repeated usage, 64% of the maximum capacity was still remained. Six food samples randomly collected from local supermarket without spiking Sudan dyes were extracted with IAC column and detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that there was no detectable Sudan II, III and IV in all six food samples, but Sudan I with the content of 2.7-134.5ngg(-1) was detected in three food samples. To further verify the extraction efficiency, other three negative samples were spiked with Sudan I-IV at the concentrations of 20ngg(-1) and 50ngg(-1), which were then extracted with IAC column. The extraction recoveries and relative standard deviation (RSD) were 68.6-96.0% and 4.8-15.2%, respectively, demonstrating the feasibility of the prepared IAC column for Sudan dyes extraction.     

Fast and simple method for the detection and quantification of 15 synthetic dyes in sauce,cotton candy,and pickle by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of 15 illegal dyes (Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Sudan Red G, Sudan Orange G, Sudan Red 7B, Para Red, Dimethyl Yellow, Rahodamine B, Sudan Black B, Sudan Red B, Auramine O, Toluidine Red and Orange II) was developed and validated in sauce, cotton candy, and pickle. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile without the use of solid-phase extraction cartridges. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column with a flow rate of 500 µL/min at 45 °C, using a gradient elution with A (10 mM ammonium formate in water with 0.1% formic acid) and B (10 mM ammonium formate in acetonitrile (ACN) with 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase. The detection was performed on a AB Sciex 6500 Qtrap mass analyzer under multiple reaction monitoring mode. Limit of detection, quantification, linearity, and precision were determined during the validation process. Recoveries ranged from 82% to 119% for all synthetic dyes, in exception to Orange II in cotton candy and pickle, where signal was suppressed due to high matrix interference and poor ionization. This method offers a simple and rapid approach to detect and quantify prohibited dyes in foodstuff that can be utilized in food contaminant laboratories.     

Analysis of xanthene dyes by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a polymeric column followed by characterization with a diode array detector

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method on a polymeric column was developed for the analysis of xanthene dyes. The rigid polystyrene-divinylbenzene column was connected to a photodiode array detector to verify the identity and the purity of the dyes. For eosin Y a within-day precision of 1-2% was obtained, and on a day-to-day basis the coefficient of variation was 4.2%. The purity of commercial xanthene dyes was investigated, and the results show the divergence between the actual dye contents and the dye contents indicated on the label.     

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Based on Magnetic Sulfonated Reduced Graphene Oxide for HPLC–MS/MS Analysis of Illegal Basic Dyes in Foods

In this study, a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) for the determination of illegal basic dyes in food samples was developed and validated. This method was based on Magnetic sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (M-S-RGO), which was sensitive and selective to analytes with structure of multiaromatic rings and negatively charged ions. Several factors affecting MSPE efficiency such as pH and adsorption time were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves exhibited good linearity, ranging from 5 to 60 µg/g with correlation coefficients >0.9950. The limits of detection of 16 basic dyes were in the range of 0.01–0.2 µg/L. The recoveries ranged from 70% to 110% with RSD% < 10%. The results indicate that M-S-RGO is an efficient and selective adsorbent for the extraction and cleanup of basic dyes. Due to the MSPE procedures, matrix effect and interference were eliminated in the analysis of HPLC–MS/MS without the matrix-matched standards. Thus, validation data showed that the proposed MSPE–HPLC–MS/MS method was rapid, efficient, selective, and sensitive for the determination of illegal basic dyes in foods.     

Comparison of liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for amino acid analysis with derivatisation by 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-carbamate: Applications for analysis of amino acids in skin

The analysis of nineteen amino acids found in collagen was optimised using 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-carbamate (AQC) as a derivatisation reagent. The analysis and detection of nineteen AQC-amino acids using fluorescence and mass spectrometry were compared at different mobile phase pH’s and column temperatures. The pH range of the mobile phase was set between 2.7 and 6.0 and column temperatures, 15–60 °C. The majority of amino acids produced a mono-derivatised product with AQC, except cystine, lysine and hydroxylysine which were di-derivatised. Hydroxylysine’s retention time was affected most by changes in the pH, whilst hydroxyproline’s retention time was more affected by column temperature. Hydroxylysine was detected as two diastereomers which were completely resolved. The relative standard deviation of the retention times of AQC-amino acids was less than 1% and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were ranged from (0.05–0.23) µM and (0.07–0.76) µM on fluorescence and (0.02–0.10) µM and (0.06–0.33) µM on mass spectrometry respectively. This method was successfully applied for the quantitation of amino acids in different animal skins.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定调味品中15种工业合成染料

建立了测定调味品中15种工业合成染料的固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)。样品经甲醇-水(1:1, v/v)超声提取、SPE柱净化后用HPLC进行分析,流动相为10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液(含1%乙酸)和乙腈。实验结果表明15种工业合成染料的分离效果良好,回收率为84.6%～114.2%,相对标准偏差为0.9%～10.3%;检出限为0.05～0.18 mg/kg。该方法操作简单,结果准确,重现性好,可用于同时测定调味品中非法添加的15种工业合成染料。     

Sampling and identification of natural dyes in historical maps and drawings by liquid chromatography with diode-array detection

A simple and rapid liquid chromatographic with diode-array UV-vis spectrophotometric detection (HPLC-DAD) method for identification of natural dyes has been developed. Chromatographic retention of carminic acid, indigotin, crocetin, gambogic acid, alizarin and purpurin has been studied. The mobile phase consisted of 40 mM SDS-10 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH 2.3)-0.1% TFA (eluent A) and acetonitrile (eluent B) using a programmed gradient (5% B to 95% B). Analyses were carried out on a Phenomenex, Luna 5u NH2 100(a) column (250 mm x 4.60 mm i.d., 5 microm particle) and the operating conditions were: 0.6 ml min(-1) flow rate, 20 microl volume injection and 35 degrees C column temperature. Extracts of samples of natural dyes taken from historical maps belonging to The Royal Chancellery Archives in Granada were successfully analyzed using the proposed method including a new technique for sampling.     

液相色谱/线性离子阱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法快速筛查葡萄酒中的合成色素

基于液相色谱/线性离子阱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(LC/LTQ-orbitrap MS)技术构建了合成色素的质谱数据库,利用精确质量数和该数据库中二级质谱图的匹配度分析筛查,建立了葡萄酒中15种水溶性合成色素的快速筛查方法。葡萄酒样品通过弱阴离子交换柱进行净化后经苯基色谱柱分离,然后用LTQ-orbitrap MS对样品中的色素进行筛查和定量检测。结果显示,葡萄酒中15种色素的检出限在0.00040~0.18 mg/L之间,3个加标水平的回收率在43.1%~127%之间,平均相对标准偏差均小于10%。加标样品的二级质谱图与数据库中标准样品二级质谱图的匹配度均达到98%以上。该方法可在无标准物质的情况下对葡萄酒中的15种合成色素进行筛查检测。     

凝胶柱净化-高效液相色谱检测食品中的苏丹红

建立了凝胶柱净化-高效液相色谱同时检测食品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ的方法。样品用乙醇提取,提取液经Bio-Beads SX3凝胶柱(200 mm×10 mm i.d.)净化,用环己烷-乙酸乙酯(体积比为1∶1)洗脱。采用Symmetry Shield RP18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,　5　μm)分离,以100%甲醇为流动相,流速1.5 mL/min;用二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长478 nm。上述4种苏丹红组分在其质量浓度为0.1~10.0 mg/L时有良好的线性关系(r>0.999),方法的检测限为7~14 μg/kg;平均加标回收率为80.7%~96.3%(添加水平为0.25,2.5 mg/kg),相对标准偏差为2.4%~5.9%。方法灵敏可靠,能满足食品中苏丹红检测的需要。     

Determination of synthetic dyes in bean and meat products by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and efficient method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight synthetic dyes (Chrysoidin, Auramine O, Sudan(I–IV), Para Red, and Rhodamine B) in bean and meat products using high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A simple extraction procedure using acetonitrile has been applied for the extraction of these dyes from spiked bean and meat samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters XTerra C₁₈ column (2.1 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with a multistep gradient elution. Detection and quantification were performed using mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Linear calibrations were obtained with correlation coefficients R² > 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification for the eight dyes were in the ranges of 0.03–0.75 and 0.1–2.0 μg/kg depending on matrices, respectively. The recoveries of these dyes in different food matrices were between 71.2 and 116.9% with relative standard deviations <15.2%, suggesting that the developed method is promising for the accurate quantification of the eight dyes at trace levels in bean and meat products.