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蛋白质的天然构象与高分子生物材料的生物相容性 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
在论述天然象是蛋白质生物功能之根本、肽链-侧基协同作用是蛋白质构建天然构象和完成生物功能的动力所在,以及高分子生物材料吸附对蛋白质天然构象影响等的基础上,进一步阐述生物材料生物相容性与蛋白质构象的关系。结论是,设计与建立能够维持蛋白质等天然构象的表面分子结构是提高高分子生物材料相容性的一个基本方向。 相似文献
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天然高分子材料研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
综述了近年来天然高分子材料的研究进展。主要介绍纤维素、木质素、淀粉、甲壳素、壳聚糖、其它多糖、蛋白质以及天然橡胶等天然高分子通过化学、物理方法以及纳米技术改性制备具有各种功能及生物可降解性环境友好材料的研究状况,并对此类新材料的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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高分子的表面化学组成与生物相容性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
生物相容性是高分子材料在临床上用作医用装置的基本要求,改变高分子材料的表面化学组成是提高其生物相容性的重要途径。综述了构建表面化学组成改性高分子材料生物相容性的最新研究进展,并对改善高分子材料生物相容性的研究方法提出了一些看法。 相似文献
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羟基磷灰石(HA)是人类与动物骨骼中主要无机物组成成分,因其具有良好的生物相容性、生物活性和骨传导作用,作为新型合成生物材料已应用于骨组织的修复与替代技术。本文在介绍HA主要制备方法(如:沉淀法、乳液法、水热反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、机械化学法、固态合成法、水解法、超声化学法、热解法、模板法和电沉积法等)和应用的基础上,重点综述了各类天然高分子与HA复合材料的制备及应用研究进展。天然高分子,如:纤维素、淀粉、甲壳素、壳聚糖、蛋白(包括胶原蛋白、明胶、角蛋白、丝蛋白和植物蛋白)等,与HA复合后制备的天然高分子复合羟基磷灰石材料,在保持其生物相容性的同时,又能改善复合材料的机械性能与生物活性,使其可用于医用材料、载体材料和吸附分离材料。最后,本文指出为了满足生物体内的特殊环境(如强的韧性、与骨生长速度匹配性能等)及不同领域的要求,天然高分子复合HA材料需要发展的方向。 相似文献
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用界面化学基本理论阐明生物体与高分子材料接触时的界面现象,并研究界面热力学参数与材料生物相容性之间的内在联系及规律性,这是研制生物相容性,特别是血液相容性生物医用高分子材料的重要依据。本文就此领域的基本理论,主要方法有研究进展作了综合性介绍和述评。 相似文献
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环糊精(CD)与高度支化聚合物都存在空腔结构,若将两者结合起来可构筑出含有两种不同疏水空腔且具有特异物理化学功能的高分子体系,并有望在分子包合与识别、药物控释、基因传输等领域得到新的应用。本文根据高度支化聚合物与环糊精结合方式的不同,从以环糊精为核的高度支化聚合物、外端悬挂环糊精的高度支化聚合物、高度支化聚合物的结构单元与环糊精包合、环糊精与客体分子包合后自组装成高度支化聚合物,以及用功能化的环糊精单体合成超支化聚合物等5个方面对其研究进展进行了总结和评述,并在此基础上展望了该类聚合物的研究方向和发展趋势。 相似文献
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Brigitte Voit Sven Fleischmann Hartmut Komber Arnulf Scheel Katrin Stumpe 《Macromolecular Symposia》2007,254(1):16-24
Summery: The potential of cycloaddition (CA) reactions for the synthesis of dendritic polymers is pointed out. The [4 + 2] Diels Alder cycloaddition as well as 1,3-dipolar CA reactions including “click chemistry” are addressed, and the advantages of these reactions like high selectivity, thus high tolerance towards additional functionalities, high yields and synthesis under mild reaction conditions are highlighted. New perfectly branched dendrimers as well as hyperbranched polymers have been prepared and modified using the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azines with alkynes. The 1,3-dipolar CA reaction of bisazine with maleimides results in hyperbranched and thus, irregular and broadly distributed polymers though with a degree of branching of 100% due to special intermediate formation. The [4 + 2] Diels Alder cycloaddition was successfully applied for the synthesis of highly branched polyphenylene structures using the AB2 + AB and the A2 + B3 approach. CA reactions are also very suitable for highly efficient polymer analogous reactions and thus, they can also be used to prepare complex polymer architectures like dendronized polymers. 相似文献
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Melt polycondensation approach for reduction degradable helical polyester based on l‐cystine
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Santhanaraj Anantharaj Manickam Jayakannan 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(18):2864-2875
Melt polycondensation approach is developed for new classes of reduction responsive disulfide containing functional polyesters based on l ‐cystine amino acid resources under solvent free process. l ‐Cystine was converted into multi‐functional ester‐urethane monomer and subjected to thermoselective transesterification at 120 °C with commercial diols in the presence of Ti(OBu)4 to produce polyesters with urethane side chains. The polymers were produced in moderate to high molecular weights and the polymers were found to be thermally stable up to 250 °C. The β‐sheet hydrogen bonding interaction among the side chain urethane unit facilitated the self‐assembly of the polyester into amyloid‐like fibrils. The deprotection of urethane unit into amine functionality modified the polymers into water soluble cationic polyester spherical nanoparticles. The reduction degradation of disulfide bond was studied using DTT as a reducing agent and the high molecular weight polymers chains were found be chopped into low molecular weight oligomers. The cytotoxicity of cationic disulfide nanoparticle was studied in MCF‐7 cells and they were found to be biocompatible and non‐toxic to cells upto 50 μg/mL. The custom designed reduction degradable and highly biocompatible disulfide polyesters from l ‐cystine are useful for futuristic biomedical applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2864–2875 相似文献
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Supramolecular Porphyrin Copolymer Assembled through Host–Guest Interactions and Metal–Ligand Coordination
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Kanashi Kinjo Takehiro Hirao Prof. Dr. Shin‐ichi Kihara Prof. Dr. Yukiteru Katsumoto Prof. Dr. Takeharu Haino 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(49):14830-14834
Bisporphyrin cleft molecule 1 Zn possessing a guest moiety assembled to form supramolecular polymers through host–guest interactions. Bispyridine cross‐linkers created interchain connections among the supramolecular polymers to form networked polymers in solution. Solution viscometry confirmed that the cross‐linked supramolecular polymers were highly entangled. Frequency‐dependent linear viscoelastic spectroscopy revealed that the supramolecular polymers generated well‐entangled solutions with associating and networking polymers, whereas the solid‐like aggregates moved individually without breaking and reforming structures below the transition temperature of 9.6 °C. Morphological transition of the supramolecular polymers was evidenced by AFM images; the non‐cross‐linked polymer resulted in wide‐spread thin networks, while the cross‐linked networks produced thicker worm‐like nanostructures. The supramolecular networks gelled in 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane, and an elastic free‐standing film was fabricated with a Young’s modulus of 1 GPa. 相似文献
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ARCHITECTURE OF LADDER,TUBULAR AND SIEVE-PLATE POLYMERS PREPARED BY STEPWISE COUPLING POLYMERIZATION
Rong-ben Zhang Ping Xie Dao-rong Dai Chun-qing Liu Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《高分子科学》2000,(3):195-206
"Stepwise-coupling polymerization" (SCP) is a very useful approach for preparing microstructure-controllableordered network polymers, including soluble one-dimensional ladderlike polymers (LP) and tubular polymers (TP), and two-dimensional sieve-plate polymers. The novel reactive LPs are important precursors of micro-structure controllable polymerssuch as "fishbone-" or "rowboat-"like mesomorphic polymers and their metal complexes as well as tubular polymers (TPs).They are full of great potential for use as advanced materials. 相似文献
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Miriam Trigo‐López Jesús Luis Pablos Félix Clemente García Felipe Serna José Miguel García 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2014,52(10):1469-1477
The structure of the high‐performance aromatic polyamides, also known as aramids, was modified to render functional polymers by the introduction of primary amine and azide functional groups in the main polymer chain. These materials were prepared as parent polymers for future use in the simple and inexpensive preparation of other high‐performance materials by the chemical derivatization of the primary amine and azide groups using their well‐known and broad reactivity. The potential of the parent aramids was exemplified with the preparation of four novel functional aramids containing the fluorescent dansyl group, the anion and cation receptors urea and triazole with free primary alcohol functional groups, and the iminophosphorane ligand for forthcoming synthetic processes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52, 1469–1477 相似文献
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Compared with conventional π-conjugated polymers,poly(arylene ether)s(PAEs) may take advantages of excellent thermal properties,well-defined effective conjugated length and no catalyst contamination.Recently,their applications have been extended from engineering plastics to optoelectronic materials.In this review,various kinds of functional PAEs used as fluorescent polymers,host polymers and phosphorescent polymers in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) are outlined,and their molecular design,synthesis and device performance are overviewed. 相似文献
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近几十年,二次锂电池作为重要的储能装置得到迅猛发展,而开发高性能的锂电池电极材料一直是电化学能源领域的研究热点之一。与传统无机正极材料相比,聚合物正极材料具有比容量高、柔软性好、廉价易得、环境友好、加工方便、可设计性强等诸多优点。本文综述了导电聚合物、共轭羰基聚合物以及含硫聚合物正极材料的结构特点、电极反应机理、电化学性能和近五年来的重大研究进展,总结了这三类聚合物电极材料的优缺点,并重点介绍了含硫聚合物电极材料中存在的问题及改进手段,最后提出了综合这三类聚合物优点的含硫共轭导电聚合物将会是该领域的研究方向。 相似文献
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S. Amberg-Schwab H. Katschorek U. Weber A. Burger R. Hänsel B. Steinbrecher D. Harzer 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2003,26(1-3):699-703
In addition to the barrier properties against water vapor and oxygen, inorganic-organic polymers can also function as protection layers against unwanted migration of chemical substances in two ways. First, hybrid polymers prevent components from migrating out of polymer substrates. This is of special interest for polymeric materials containing substances like plasticizing agents, unreacted monomers or catalysts. Thus the olfactory nuisance and the toxicological emission are decreased. The plastics are also prevented from becoming prematurely brittle. Second, the coated materials are also protected against the interaction of dyes or dirt staining the material.These functions can be achieved by thermally or UV curable coating materials, synthesized by the sol-gel technique. Since several polymer materials show only a low heat resistance (e.g. PVC, polyolefines), this publication is focussed on the development of new migration barriers based on photochemically curable sols.Another advantage of the UV process in comparison to thermal treatments are the short curing times and low power consumption which make this process even more attractive for industrial applications. The coatings were characterized by IR and solid state NMR spectroscopy. The migration barrier properties were tested according to industrial standards.Due to the choice of specific functional groups, these hybrid polymers can be further modified in order to combine the migration barrier function with additional properties: scratch and abrasion resistance, hydrophobicity, antistatic effects. Examples of feasible combinations of properties are also given. 相似文献