用3种不同方法研究铬黑-T与β-CD的相互作用

本文以极谱法、荧光光谱法和紫外可见光谱法研究了铬黑-T与β-环糊精(β-CD)的相互作用。实验结果表明,二者可发生作用,形成铬黑-T-β-CD的超分子体系。此外,本文还分别采用极谱法和紫外可见光谱法对铬黑-T-β-CD的超分子体系的包结比和包结常数进行测定,包结比为1∶1,包结常数为6.05×106L/mol,并初步推断了铬黑-T和β-CD的结合形式。     

5-邻硝基苯-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉-环糊精超分子体系研究

在中性磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,以紫外-可见分光光度法、荧光光谱法和1HNMR法研究了一种人工合成的非水溶性卟啉5-邻硝基苯-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(简称o-NTPP)与3种母体环糊精α-CD、β-CD、γ-CD和β-CD的两种衍生物2,3,6-三-甲氧基-β-CD(TM-β-CD)、羧甲基-β-CD(CM-β-CD)之间相互作用形成的超分子体系,结果表明o-NTPP与TM-β-CD形成了1∶2的包结物,而与其它4种环糊精均形成1∶1的包结物。利用双倒数曲线法计算了o-NTPP-CD超分子体系的包结常数(k),同时对包结常数大小进行了比较,从而判断出5种环糊精对o-NTPP包结能力的大小,其中TM-β-CD表现出最强的包结能力。     

meso-四-(2-噻吩基)铜卟啉-环糊精超分子体系的光谱学研究

以紫外可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了非水溶性meso-四-（2-噻吩基）铜卟啉（简称Cu—TTP）与四种环糊精α—CD、β—CD、γ—CD、TM—β—CD相互作用形成的超分子体系，结果表明Cu-TTP与TM-β-CD形成了1：2的包结物，而与其它三种环糊精主要形成1：1的包结物。在α—CD、β—CD、γ-CD三种母体环糊精中，α—CD与Cu—TTP的包结常数最大；β-CD与其衍生物TM-β-CD相比，TM-β-CD与Cu—TTP的包结常数较大。本文对四种环糊精和Cu-TTP的包结机理作了初步探讨。为铜卟啉和环糊精的相互作用及其超分子体系的研究提供了基础。     

用三种不同方法研究TPPS4与DM-β-CD的相互作用

本文以极谱法、荧光光谱法和紫外可见光谱法研究了水溶性卟啉四-(4-磺基苯)卟啉(TPPS4)与2,6-二-氧-甲基--βCD(DM--βCD)的相互作用。结果表明,二者可发生反应,形成了TPPS4-DM--βCD的超分子体系。此外,本文还用极谱法和紫外-可见光谱法对TPPS4-DM--βCD超分子体系的包结比和包结常数进行测定,证明二者形成了1∶2的包结物;计算所得的包结常数为1.44×108L2.mol-2。     

用分子光谱法研究两种水溶性卟啉与磺丁醚-β-环糊精的超分子体系

本文以紫外可见光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了水溶性的四-(4-甲基吡啶基)卟啉(TMPyP)和四-(4-羧基苯基)卟啉(TCPP)与磺丁醚-β-环糊精(SBE--βCD)形成的超分子体系。结果表明,两种卟啉与磺丁醚-β-环糊精都形成了1∶1的包结物,它们的包结常数分别为1.34×104L.mol-1和1.15×105L.mol-1。     

非水溶性卟啉NTPPH_2和ATPPH_2与环糊精超分子体系的光谱学研究

在中性磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,用紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了非水溶性卟啉5-(4-硝基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(NTPPH2)和5-(4-氨基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(ATPPH2)与α-CD、β-CD和γ-CD三种环糊精相互作用形成的超分子体系。结果表明,NTPPH2与α-CD、β-CD和γ-CD均形成了1:1的包结物,ATPPH2与β-CD形成1:2的包结物,与α-CD和γ-CD则形成了1:1的包结物。其中α-CD与NTPPH2和ATPPH2的包结常数最大。本文探讨了卟啉环上给电子基团和吸电子基团对包结的影响,为卟啉和环糊精相互作用及超分子体系的机理研究提供了基础。     

环丙沙星与环糊精超分子体系的研究

利用荧光光谱法研究了环丙沙星与母体β-环糊精(β-CD)及其2种修饰衍生物羟丙基-β-环糊精(Hp-β-CD)、甲基-β-环糊精(Me-β-CD)形成的超分子体系,同时测定了3种超分子体系的猝灭常数和热力学参数.结果表明:环丙沙星与3种环糊精之间常温下均形成稳定的包合物;环丙沙星与3种环糊精包结过程中△G＜0和△H＜0,这说明环丙沙星与3种环糊精的包结能够自发进行而形成超分子体系,且反应为放热过程.通过对3种环糊精与环丙沙星的热力学数包结能力进行了比较,初步探讨了作用机理和影响包结能力大小的可能因素.     

BATPPH_2及其Zn配合物与环糊精的超分子体系研究

设计合成了5-(4-苯甲酰亚胺基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(BATPPH2)及其锌配合物(BATPPZn),并通过1HNMR、IR、UV-Vis、元素分析等方法对化合物的结构加以确认。在中性磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,以荧光光谱法、紫外可见分光光度法和1HNMR法分别研究了BATPPH2和BATPPZn与α,β,γ-环糊精相互作用形成的超分子体系。利用双倒数曲线法计算了BATPPH2-CD和BATPPZn-CD超分子体系的包结常数,结果表明BATPPH2和BATPPZn与γ-CD的包结常数(K1γ-CD,K2γ-CD)最大,γ-CD表现出最强的包结能力,Zn2+的配位作用使包结物的稳定性降低。     

烷氧基苯基卟啉与环糊精的超分子体系研究

合成了5种非水溶性烷氧基苯基卟啉, 以荧光光谱法、紫外可见分光光度法和1H NMR法研究了其与环糊精相互作用形成的超分子体系. 并以荧光光谱法测定了超分子体系的包结常数和包结比, 对其包结机理进行了初步研究. 在此基础上, 探讨了不同取代位置、不同链长的烷氧基对非水溶性烷氧基苯基卟啉与不同空腔直径的环糊精的超分子体系的影响.     

β-环糊精包覆作用下的肼二水杨腙聚集诱导发光研究

水杨醛和联肼通过一步反应制得聚集诱导发光分子—肼二水杨腙,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和纳米粒度分析对β-环糊精(CD)对肼二水杨腙的包覆过程进行了研究。结果显示,β-CD对肼二水杨腙具有明显的包覆作用,紫外吸收光谱显示在不良溶剂水,以及在0.1 mL良溶剂DMF的存在下,β-环糊精(CD)均可包覆肼二水杨腙分子。荧光光谱表明,β-CD包覆作用会直接减缓AIE分子聚集,使荧光强度下降;同时,肼二水杨腙分子与β-CD空腔尺寸更匹配,表现在β-CD包覆肼二水杨腙分子后荧光强度降至59.5%,下降幅度大于α-CD(69.5%)。     

邻-甲氧基苯酚和α-,β-环糊精包合现象的理论与实验研究

通过紫外可见光谱法考察了水溶液中邻-甲氧基苯酚(o-Mop)和α-与β-环糊精(CD)的分子间相互作用, 利用Hildebrand-Benesi方程给出了两个包合物的稳定常数(K_s). 采用半经验PM3方法研究了α-,β-CD和o-Mop及其类似物苯酚(Phe)、丁香酚(Eug)之间的包络作用, 阐述了这些主客体包合作用过程中体系能量随主客体相对位置改变而变化的细节, 据此推断出主-客体包合物可能的分子结构, 计算了包合物的稳定化能(ΔE_s). 研究结果表明, 本文所选主客体体系而言, 当客体和同一种主体分子作用时, 超分子包合物的ΔE_s随着客体分子苯环上取代基团数目的增多而增加. 基于PM3方法优化得到的主-客体包合物在真空中的分子结构和通过实验方法在水溶液中测定的结构一致.     

Inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins with 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimides (part 2)

Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize inclusion compounds between 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimides (ANI) derivatives and different cyclodextrins (CDs). The ANI derivatives employed were N-(12-aminododecyl)-4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (mono-C₁₂ANI) and N,N′-(1,12-dodecanediyl)bis-4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (bis-C₁₂ANI). The CDs used here were α-CD, β-CD, γ-CD, HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD and HP-γ-CD. The presence of CDs resulted in pronounced blue-shifts in the emission spectra of the ANI derivatives, with increases in emission intensity. This behavior was parallel to that observed for the dyes in apolar solvents, indicating that inclusion complexes were formed between the ANI and the CDs. Mono-C₁₂ANI formed inclusion complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry with all the CDs studied. Complexes with the larger CDs (HP-β-CD, HP-γ-CD and γ-CD) were formed by inclusion of the chromophoric ANI ring system, whereas the smaller CDs (α-CD, HP-α-CD and β-CD) formed complexes with mono-C₁₂ANI by inclusion of the dodecyl chain. Bis-C₁₂ANI formed inclusion complexes of 1:2 stoichiometry with HP-β-CD, HP-γ-CD and γ-CD, but did not form inclusion complexes with α-CD, HP-α-CD and β-CD. The data were treated in the case of the large CDs using a Benesi-Hildebrand like equation, giving the following equilibrium constants: mono-C₁₂ANI:HP-β-CD (K ₁₁ = 50 M^?1), mono-C₁₂ANI:HP-γ-CD (K ₁₁ = 180 M^?1), bis-C₁₂ANI:HP-β-CD (K ₁₂ = 146 M^?2), bis-C₁₂ANI:HP-γ-CD (K ₁₂ = 280 M^?2).     

Study on the Supramolecular System of TAPP and Cyclodextrins by Spectroscopy

The ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), γ-CD, hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), trimethyl-β-CD (TM-β-CD), sulfurbutylether-β-CD (SBE-β-CD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) to break the aggregate of the meso-tetrakis(4-N-trimethylaminobenzyl)porphyrin (TAPP) and to form 2:1 inclusion complexes has been studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The formation constants are calculated, respectively, by fluorimetry, from which the inclusion capacity of different CDs is compared and the inclusion mechanism of charged-β-CD (SBE-β-CD and CM-β-CD) is quite different from that of the parent β-CD. At lower pH, the complexation between TM-β-CD and H²TAPP²⁺ (the form of the diprotonated TAPP) hampers the continuous protonation of the pyrrole nitrogen of TAPP and the hydrophobic cavity may prefer to bind an apolar neutral porphyrin molecule. ¹HNMR data support the inclusion conformation of the porphyrin–cyclodextrin supramolecular system, indicating the interaction of the meso-phenyl groups of TAPP with the cavity of CDs. For this host–guest inclusion model, cyclodextrin being regarded as the protein component, which acts as a carrier enveloping the active site of heme prosthetic group within its hydrophobic environment, provides a protective sheath for the porphyrin, creating artificial analogues of heme-containing proteins. However, for TAPP, encapsulated within this saccharide-coated barrier, its photophysical and photochemical properties changed strongly.     

Electroanalytical method of TCPP and its supramolecular system with cyclodextrins

In this paper, electroanalytical method of tetrakis (4-carboxylphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) has been established. In a supporting electrolyte of KH₂PO₄-Na₂HPO₄ (pH 7.0), a sensitive second derivative reduction peak of TCPP was found by single-sweep oscillopolarography. The potential peak is −0.70 V (versus SCE).The relationship between peak height and the concentration of TCPP is linear from 1×10⁻⁷ to 2×10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹, the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 0.41% (n=8), and the recovery of TCPP varied from 95.8-105.4%.The interaction of cyclodextrins (CD) with TCPP in NH₃-NH₄Cl (pH 8.0) has been studied by polarography. The TCPP can form the 1:1 inclusion complex with β-CD, γ-CD, hydroxylpropyl-β-CD, sulfurbutylether-β-CD and trimethyl-β-CD. “Current method” has been used to determine the formation constants of TCPP with five CDs. The result shows that the inclusion ability of hydroxylpropyl-β-CD is very strong. Moreover, modified β-CD has stronger inclusion capacity than native β-CD. The formation constant of TCPP with γ-CD is much greater than that of TCPP with β-CD, because the γ-CD has a bigger cavity that can match with the size of the meso-phenyl of TCPP. The supramolecular data will provide useful information for further application of TCPP.     

Investigation on the inclusion behaviour of baicalein with β-cyclodextrin and derivatives and their antioxidant ability study

The formation of the complexes of baicalein (Ba) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and β-CD derivatives (HP-β-CD and Me-β-CD) was studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence method, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and phase-solubility measurement. The solid–inclusion complexes of Ba with CDs were synthesised by the co-precipitation method. The characterisations of the solid–inclusion complexes have been proved by infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry. Experimental conditions including the concentration of various CDs and media acidity were investigated in detail. The results suggested that the inclusion ratio of HP-β-CD with Ba was the highest among the three kinds of CDs. The binding constants (Ks) of the inclusion complexes were determined by fluorescence method and phase-solubility measurement. Kinetic studies of DPPH√ with Ba and CDs complexes were also done. The results indicated that the Ba/HP-β-CD complex was the most reactive form.     

Study on the inclusion interaction of ethyl violet with cyclodextrins by MWNTs/Nafion modified glassy carbon electrode

The interactions of ethyl violet (EV) with cyclodextrins (CDs) were investigated by Multi-wall carbon nanotubes/Nafion composite film modified glassy carbon electrode (MWNTs/Nafion/GCE). It was found that the MWNTs/Nafion composite film can effectively catalyze the electrode reaction of EV. The variation of the electrochemical behavior of EV upon the addition of CDs indicated the formation of the inclusion complexes of EV with β-CD, heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TM-β-CD), heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD (DM-β-CD), hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), and carboxymethyl-β-CD (CM-β-CD). The stoichiometry ratios of EV and the above five CDs were found to be 1:1. The inclusion ability obeyed the order: CM-β-CD > HP-β-CD > TM-β-CD > DM-β-CD > β-CD. The results showed that the modified β-CDs exhibited stronger binding ability than native β-CD, especially the charged CM-β-CD, which implied that the inclusion capacity depends on not only size matching and hydrophobicity but also electrostatic interaction. ¹HNMR spectra and molecule mechanics calculations suggested that EV was included into the cavity of β-CD from the wider side.     

Study of the complexation of resveratrol with cyclodextrins by spectroscopy and molecular modeling

In present work the complexation of Res with two kinds of cyclodextrins (CDs), native β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and modified hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-CD), have been investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods. The stoichiometric ratios, inclusion constants and thermodynamic parameters have been determined by the fluorescence data. In all cases 1:1 inclusion complexes are formed. The inclusion ability of HP-CD is larger than that of β-CD. Both inclusion processes have negative ?G, negative ?H and positive ?S. Thermodynamic analysis suggests that Van der Waals force of guest-host interactions and the release of high-enthalpy water molecules from the cavity of CDs play important roles in driving complex formation. The study of molecular modeling shows that part of the A-ring and the B-ring of Res are placed in the cavity of β-CD, and the hydroxyl groups are projected outside. As for Res in HP-CD, the B-ring of Res is included in the cavity of HP-CD, and part of the A-ring is pointed outside. ¹H-NMR spectroscopy results show that H_2, H₃, H₄ and H₅ protons of Res are more affected by the complexatin, indicating that they are located inside the torus of CDs, which are in agreement with the result of the molecular modeling.     

Voltammetric,spectroscopic and thermal studies on the binding of some heterocyclic azo compounds with α- and β-cyclodextrins: pH effect and association affinity

The binding abilities of α- and β-cyclodextrins (α-CD and β-CD) with some heterocyclic azo compounds (1,1'-(azodicarbonyl)dipiperidine (ADP) and azodicarboxylic dimorpholide (ADM)) were studied at different pHs (4, 7.4 and 10) by UV-Vis spectroscopy and square-wave voltammetry techniques. The association constants (K _i) and stoichiometries of the binding of these azo compounds with α-CD and β-CD were determined by using square-wave voltammetry technique. These bindings were formed with a stoichiometry of 1: 1 in solution. The solid samples, obtained from the mixtures (molar ratio of 1: 1) of these azo dyes and CDs in aqueous phase were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis methods. Thermal analysis results showed that ADP and ADM formed the inclusion complexes with α-CD; however, the binding of the azo dyes with β-CD gave non-inclusion complexes.     

Study on inclusion complexes of meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin and Cu-meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin with cyclodextrins by spectroscopy method

In phosphate buffer solution of pH5.4, the interaction of meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin(H₂TTP) and Cu-meso-tetrakis(2-thienyl)porphyrin(Cu-TTP) with α-cyclodextrin(α-CD), β-CD, γ-CD, heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD(TM-β-CD) has been studied by means of UV-vis, fluorescence and ¹HNMR spectroscopy, respectively. The H₂TTP and Cu-TTP can form 1:2 inclusion complexes with TM-β-CD and 1:1 inclusion complexes with the other three cyclodextrins. In this paper, the inclusion constants (K) of H₂TTP and Cu-TTP for the formation of the inclusion complexes have been estimated from the changes of absorbance and fluorescence intensity in phosphate buffer solution. The inclusive capabilities of different kinds of cyclodextrins are compared. The result shows that the inclusion ability of α-CD with H₂TTP and Cu-TTP is the strongest among the three native CDs. The inclusion ability of modified β-CD with H₂TTP and Cu-TTP is stronger, compared to the native β-CD, which indicates that the capacity matching plays a crucial role in the inclusion procedure except for the hydrophobic effect. In addition ¹HNMR spectra supports the inclusion conformation of the TM-β-CD-Cu-TTP inclusion complex, indicating the interaction mechanism of inclusion processes.