Cascade-exciton model analysis of level density parameter dependence in proton induced fission cross sections of some sub-actinide nuclei

Fission cross sections strongly depend on the ratio of the level density parameter in fission to neutron emission, a_f/a_n. In this work, a cascade-exciton model implemented in the code CEM95 has been used to observe this effect for proton induced fission cross sections of tungsten, lead and bismuth. The method was employed using different level density parameter ratios for each fission cross section calculation. The calculated fission cross sections are compared with the available experimental data in the literature. It has been observed that a change of the ratio of the level density parameter, a_f/a_n, is necessary with the incident energy of the proton, to best estimate the fission cross sections in CEM95.     

A formula used to subtract the effect of gamma-ray of the others to that of measured reaction in measurement of cross section of nuclear reaction and its application

Abstract According to the regulation of growing and decay of artificial radioactive nuclide, a formula used to subtract the effect of characteristic γ-ray of the others to that of measured reaction was deduced. And then the cross sections of 120Te (n, 2n)119mTe reaction induced by neutrons around 14 MeV were measured by activation relative to the 93Nb (n, 2n)92mNb. In the process of the cross sections measured to be calculated, it was subtracted that the effect of characteristic γ-ray of 126Te (n, p)126Sb to that of measured 120Te (n, 2n)119mTe reaction using the formula deduced. The experimental results were (689±37) and (750±41) mb at the neutron energies of (13.5±0.3) and (14.6±0.3) MeV, respectively. Measurements were carried out by γ-detection using a coaxial HPGe detector. As samples, spectroscopically pure tellurium powder has been used. The fast neutrons were produced by the T(d, n)4He reaction. The neutron energies in these measurements were determined by the method of cross-section ratios between 90Zr (n, 2n) 89m+gZr and 93Nb (n, 2n) 92mNb reactions.     

A formula used to subtract the effect of gamma-ray of the others to that of measured reaction in measurement of cross section of nuclear reaction and its application

According to the regulation of growing and decay of artificial radioactive nuclide, a formula used to subtract the effect of characteristic γ-ray of the others to that of measured reaction was deduced. And then the cross sections of ¹²⁰Te (n,2n)^119mTe reaction induced by neutrons around 14~MeV were measured by activation relative to the ⁹³Nb (n, 2n) ^92mNb. In the process of the cross sections measured to be calculated, it was subtracted that the effect of characteristic γ-ray of ¹²⁶Te (n, p) ¹²⁶Sb to that of measured ¹²⁰Te (n, 2n) ^119mTe reaction using the formula deduced. The experimental results were (689±37) and (750±41) mb at the neutron energies of (13.5±0.3) and (14.6±0.3)MeV, respectively. Measurements were carried out by γ-detection using a coaxial HPGe detector. As samples, spectroscopically pure tellurium powder has been used. The fast neutrons were produced by the T(d, n)⁴He reaction. The neutron energies in these measurements were determined by the method of cross-section ratios between ⁹⁰Zr (n, 2n) ^89m+gZr and ⁹³Nb (n, 2n) ^92mNb reactions.     

On the solution of time-dependent transport equation with time-varying cross sections

The time-dependent neutron transport equation in an infinite medium with time-varying cross sections has been solved by means of two techniques namely, flux-limited approach and maximum entropy method. The behaviour of the distribution function are shown graphically. Knowing the distribution function allows us to calculate directly some physical parametres of special interest such as the reflection function. The results reported in this article provide further evidence of the usefulness of both maximum entropy and flux limited methods for obtaining time-dependent solution of neutron transport in compact form.     

He-HF体系势能模型对散射截面影响的理论研究

用BFW势函数拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HF相互作用能，获得了He原子与HF分子相互作用的各向异性势，并与其他势模型进行比较，验证了拟合势的可靠性；然后采用量子密耦(Close-Coupling)方法分别计算了He-HF碰撞体系在五种不同势能模型下的微分散射截面、分波散射截面和总截面，并对计算结果进行了详细的比较和分析.研究表明：势能球平均零点能位置、势阱深度、排斥势的强度以及势能在势阱附近的方向性都对散射截面有较大影响. 关键词： 势能模型 密耦方法 散射截面     

Ne-HCl相互作用势及微分散射截面的研究

使用Huxley解析势能函数拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z-33211理论水平下精确计算的相互作用能数据,得到了Ne-HCl复合物的相互作用势.在此基础上,我们首次完成了入射能量分别为40,60,75和100 meV时,Ne-HCl碰撞微分散射截面的密耦计算,并获得了总微分截面、弹性微分截面和转动激发微分截面随散射角变化的趋势.我们希望计算结果能对Ne-HCl散射的实验和理论研究提供参考信息.     

反应物的振动对碰撞反应(He, HD+)积分截面的影响

采用准经典轨线方法[1,2]计算了碰撞能范围为0.6～1.2电子伏时反应He+HD+ (v=1,j=0,1,2,3)→HeH++D和He+HD+ (v=1,j=0,1,2,3)→HeD++H的积分截面.通过跟有效的实验结果对比,发现计算结果略低于实验值,这可能是由于在计算中没有考虑量子效应而导致的.通过准经典轨线的计算结果与Tiwari等人的CS理论计算结果对比发现结果是基本相符合的,尤其是在几个碰撞能下几乎完全吻合.另外通过对比总结分析了V16以及V112势能面在不同的碰撞能以及不同的振转态下与CS理论计算的结果符合情况是的差异.同时重点分析了反应物的振转态对于反应的生成物以及积分截面的影响.     

反应物的振动对碰撞反应(He, HD+)积分截面的影响

采用准经典轨线方法[1,2]计算了碰撞能范围为0.6-1.2电子伏时反应He+HD+ (v=1,j=0, 1, 2, 3)→HeH++D和He+HD+ (v=1,j=0, 1, 2, 3)→HeD++H的积分截面。 通过跟有效的实验结果对比,发现计算结果略低于实验值,这可能是由于在计算中没有考虑量子效应而导致的。通过准经典轨线的计算结果与Tiwari等人的CS理论计算结果对比发现结果是基本相符合的,尤其是在几个碰撞能下几乎完全吻合。另外通过对比总结分析了 以及 势能面在不同的碰撞能以及不同的振转态下与CS理论计算的结果符合情况是的差异。同时重点分析了反应物的振转态对于反应的生成物以及积分截面的影响。     

He-HF体系各向异性势及分波散射截面的研究

用BFW势函数拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HF相互作用能数据,获得了He原子与HF分子相互作用的各向异性势,并与已知的势模型进行比较,验证了拟合势的可靠性;然后采用密耦方法计算了He-HF体系在不同碰撞能量下的分波散射截面,总结了分波散射截面的变化趋势.研究表明:①拟合势不但表达形式简洁,而且较好地描述了He-HF系统相互作用的各向异性特征.②入射粒子的能量越高,得到收敛的分波截面所需的分波数越多,量子效应越不显著,尾部效应也越弱;尾部效应仅在低激发态中产生,高激发态不产生尾部效应.     

随机取向烟尘团簇粒子的光学截面的数值计算

采用蒙特卡罗方法根据团簇—团簇凝聚（CCA）模型对由球形原始微粒凝聚而成的烟尘团簇粒子进行了模拟,利用离散偶极子近似（DDA）方法数值计算了不同原始微粒粒径和数目组成的随机取向的烟尘团簇粒子的总消光截面、吸收截面及散射截面等光学特性参数,研究了原始微粒粒径及数目对随机取向烟尘团簇粒子光学特性的影响。结果表明：当入射波长一定时,随机取向烟尘団簇粒子的光学特性主要取决于原始微粒的粒径和数目;烟尘团簇粒子对不同波段激光的吸收和散射存在差别,这种差别随原始微粒粒径及数目变化而变化。这一工作为研究电磁波在烟尘中的传输特性提供重要参考数据。     

用反应窗理论研究离子与原子碰撞的态选择微分截面

基于描述低能离子与原子碰撞的分子库仑过垒模型,详细阐述了与入射离子速度相关的反应窗理论,并对影响势垒变化的平均径向速度做了修正.根据该理论,计算了C5 -He和He2 -He碰撞体系单电子俘获过程的态选择微分截面,并分别与Kamber等人和Mergel等人的实验结果进行了比较.     

转动喇曼散射截面的群论计算

本文利用群链U(4)U(3)O(3)描述双原子分子N_2和O_2振转谱的对称性质,并利用群论方法计算了N_2和O_2分子转动喇曼散射的跃迁矩阵元,给出了它们的转动喇曼散射的截面。结果与实验较好地符合。     

Pion-induced fission in tin and bismuth observed with makrofol detectors

Pion is the field particle of nuclear force. Its interaction with the nucleons may lead to complete absorption resulting in the full deposition of the rest mass and kinetic energy within the nucleus. Consequently the nucleus can be excited to very high energies. This situation gives rise to binary decay even in those nuclei which are not normally prone to fission due to their high fission barriers. We have studied the occurrence of binary fission induced by pions of energies 500, 672, 1068 and 1665 MeV in the targets of Sn and Bi. The exposures have been made at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (USA). The experimental set-up was based on 2π-geometry with targets in the form of thin foils placed in front of Makrofol detectors. The fission events were counted manually with an optical microscope. The incident beam was monitored with the help of a scintillator and local fluences were determined in-situ. The fission cross-sections were calculated by using the known values of target thickness and local frequencies of fission counts.     

He-NO碰撞体系分波截面的理论计算

首先用Huxley势函数拟合在RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ bf理论水平下计算的He-NO相互作用能数据,从而得到了He原子与NO分子相互作用各向异性势;然后用密耦近似方法计算了He-NO碰撞体系的总分波截面、弹性分波截面和非弹性分波截面,并总结了分波截面的变化规律.计算结果表明,拟合势较好地描述了He-NO系统相互作用的各向异性特征,利用碰撞体系分子间势的量子化学从头计算结果,可解决势能参数难以确定的问题,对进一步研究原子与分子碰撞机理有一定参考价值.     

铁、铬、钒原子激发态的光电离截面

这篇文章分别在278~288 nm、335~361 nm、300~310 nm激光波长范围内分别报道过渡金属中的铁原子、铬原子和钒原子的共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)的实验结果. 实验中采用激光烧蚀和分子束相结合的技术制备金属原子.光离子产物由飞行时间质谱仪检测.根据共振电离离子信号对探测激光功率的依赖关系,得到原子激发态的光电离截面值.     

He-HBr体系各向异性势及非弹性散射截面的理论研究

首先用BFW势函数形式拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HBr相互作用能数据,得到了He原子与HBr分子各向异性势;并与ESMSV势进行比较,验证了拟合势的可靠性;然后采用公认的精确度较高的CC近似方法计算了He-HBr碰撞体系能量在150meV下He原子和HBr分子碰撞的转动激发微分截面和分波截面,总结了该碰撞体系非弹性散射截面的变化规律.研究表明:①拟合势较好地描述了He-HBr系统相互作用的各向异性特征;利用碰撞体系分子间势的量子化学从头计算结果,可解决势能参数难以确定的问题.②低激发态被激发的几率要远远大于高激发态被激发的几率;激发态越高,大角散射的几率越大.③尾部效应仅在低激发态中产生,高激发态不产生尾部效应.     

Shell effect and capture cross sections in the synthesis of superheavy nuclei

The shell effect is included in the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics model in which the shell correction energy of the system is calculated by using the deformed two-center shell model.A switch function is introduced to connect the shell correction energy of the projectile and the target with that of the compound nucleus during the dynamical fusion process.It is found that the calculated capture cross sections reproduce the experimental data quantitatively at the energy near the Coulomb...     

电子碰撞Ne和类Ne离子电离的三重微分截面理论研究

采用扭曲波玻恩近似理论计算了共面对称几何条件下类Ne离子2p轨道电子在不同出射电子能量下的(e,2e)反应三重微分截面,出射电子能量分别为3,5,7.5,10,15,20,30和50 eV.计算结果表明,随着出射电子能量的增大和核电荷数Z的增大,三重微分截面的幅度逐渐减小.除Ne以外,对其他离子,在出射电子角度为150?附近出现了一个新的结构,对比不同出射电子能量时的(e,2e)反应三重微分截面,发现这个结构的幅度随着出射电子的能量先增大后减小,文中用一种两次两体碰撞过程对这些现象进行了解释.     

低能电子离化氢原子的三重微分截面

运用修正后的BBK理论计算了入射能近阈值的情况下(E0=30、25、20、17.6和15.6 eV),共面等能、两个出射电子相对角取不同固定值时电子入射离化氢原子的三重微分截面(TDCS),所得结果与实验进行比较,符合较好.指出:对3C波函数进行索末菲参量的修正是成功的,这一修正使得BBK模型也能对入射能近阈值的低能(e,2e)过程给出很好的描述.