四角晶相HfO2(001)表面原子和电子结构研究

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论研究了四角晶相二氧化铪(t-HfO2)体相及其(001)表面的原子几何与电子结构.理论计算结果表明,t-HfO2(001)表面不会产生重构现象.与体相电子结构相比, t-HfO2(001)表面态密度明显高于体相态密度.其次,表面原子的态密度更靠近费米能级(EF),价带往低能量处移动,并有表面态产生.计算结果表明了t-HfO2表面禁带宽度明显低于体相的禁带宽度. t-HfO2(001)的表面态产生以及表面禁带宽度减小是由于Hf原子与O原子的配位数减少,表面原子周围的环境发生变化而引起的.     

二元合金表面偏析的Monte Carlo方法模拟

详细介绍了二元合金表面偏析的Monte Carlo模拟方法,并应用改进的分析型嵌入原子模型结合Monte Carlo方法模拟研究了Pd-Au合金表面成分及其剖面成分分布,发现Au在表面偏析,并同已有实验结果进行了比较.     

氧原子在Pt(111)表面和次表层的吸附与扩散

氧原子在Pt表面的吸附和扩散是理解氧化和腐蚀等问题的基础.基于密度泛函理论和周期平板模型研究了氧原子在Pt(111)表面及次表层的吸附,通过扫描隧道显微镜(STM)的理论计算分析了吸附的结构特征.采用CI-NEB方法讨论了氧原子在Pt(111)表面和次表层的扩散过程.研究结果表明氧原子在Pt(111)表面的扩散比较容易,而氧原子向次表层的扩散相对较难,这主要是因为次表层的扩散需要经过一个Pt原子层,必须克服一定的能垒,从而说明过渡金属Pt具有很强的抗氧化性.     

PbTe(001)表面原子几何结构和电子结构的第一性原理计算

用第一性原理的密度泛函理论计算了PbTe（001）表面的几何结构和电子结构.计算结果表明：PbTe（001）表面不发生重构，但表面几层原子表现出明显的振荡弛豫现象，其中第一、第二层间距减小4.5%，第二、第三层间距增加2.0%，并且表面层原子出现褶皱.表面带隙在X 点，带隙变宽，在基本带隙中不引入新的表面态，而导带底和价带顶附近等多处出现新的表 面共振态；弛豫后费米面处态密度很低，所以表面结构很稳定. 关键词： 密度泛函理论 表面几何结构 表面电子结构 PbTe     

甘氨酸吸附对Ni-Cu合金(110)表面偏析的影响

通过构造无序二元合金NixCu1-x(x=0.4)(110)表面的原子集团模型用来研究表面偏析. 根据这个模型，按覆盖度μ=0.33，应用Recursion方法计算了甘氨酸在NixCu1-x无序二元合金(110)表面吸附的电子结构. 结果表明，Ni0:4Cu0:6合金表面存在着Cu的偏析，甘氨酸的吸附抑制了Cu在表面的偏析，并使得合金表面的态密度在费米能级附近发生了很大变化，吸附时合金表面与甘氨酸之间发生了电荷转移.     

密度泛函理论研究碱金属原子在完美氧化镁(001)表面的吸附

基于平面波赝势法的密度泛函理论系统地研究了孤立碱金属原子(锂、钠、钾、铷、铯)在完美氧化镁(001)表面的吸附. 锂在氧位表面上的吸附能是0.72 eV,大约是其它碱金属的3倍. 锂和表面氧之间较强的相互作用主要是来源于共价键的作用,这可由态密度和差分电荷密度的分析所证实. 讨论碱金属在MgO(001)表面吸附的成键机理.     

N_2在Co掺杂Ru(001)表面吸附的DFT研究

采用密度泛函理论与周期性平板模型相结合的方法,对N_2在Ru(001)表面top、fcc、hcp、bridge四个吸附位和Ru-Co(001)表面Ru-top、Co-top、Ru(Ru)Ru-bridge、Co(Co)Co-bridge、Ru(Co)Co-bridge、Ru(Ru)Co-bridge、Ru_2Co-hcp、RuCo_2-hcp、Ru_2Co-fcc、RuCo_2-fcc十个吸附位的14种吸附模型进行了构型优化、能量计算,得到了N_2较有利的吸附位;并对清洁表面进行能带分析,对最佳吸附位进行总态密度分析.结果表明:掺杂Co后,Ru催化剂的能带变宽,催化活性增强;N_2在Ru(001)表面的最稳定吸附位top的吸附能是-88.94 kJ·mol~(-1),在Ru-Co(001)表面的最稳定吸附位Ru-top的吸附能是-95.71 kJ·mol~(-1),而且N_2与金属表面成键,属于化学吸附.     

四角晶相HfO2(001)表面原子和电子结构研究

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论研究了四角晶相二氧化铪(t-HfO₂)体相及 其(001)表面的原子几何与电子结构.理论计算结果表明，t-HfO₂(001)表面不会 产生重构现象.与体相电子结构相比, t-HfO₂(001)表面态密度明显高于体相态 密度.其次，表面原子的态密度更靠近费米能级(E_F)，价带往低能量处移动，并 有表面态产生.计算结果表明了t-HfO₂表面禁带宽度明显低于体相的禁带宽度. t-HfO₂(001)的表面态产生以及表面禁带宽度减小是由于Hf原子与O原子的配位 数减少，表面原子周围的环境发生变化而引起的. 关键词： 密度泛函理论 2(001)')" href="#">t-HfO₂(001) 表面电子结构     

GaP（001）表面吸附性硫的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论（Density Functional Theory）的第一性原理计算了GaP（001）面吸附硫原子后的表面结构和电子结构。计算表明,在Ga和P截止的GaP（001）-（1×2）表面吸附两个硫原子后,会形成（1×1）的重构表面,硫原子吸附在桥位置（HB）。电子结构的计算显示,吸附硫原子后,GaP带隙中的表面态密度（Density of States）明显减少了,这表明在GaP（001）表面吸附硫原子后达到了钝化的效果。     

MnSb/GaSb(001)界面半金属特性的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论计算六角NiAs型和立方闪锌矿型MnSb的电子和电磁特性,研究闪锌矿MnSb与GaSb(001)界面,并采用广义渐变近似计算了交换-相关项．闪锌矿结构的MnSb具有半金属铁磁特性,单分子磁矩4μB,MnSb/GaSb(001)界面同样具有半金属特性．界面中Mn原子的磁矩减小,界面中Sb原子磁矩等于两个相应界面磁矩的平均值．另外计算了能带排列在异质结中价带偏移大约1.25 eV.     

Surface resonance on the NiFe(001) alloy surface

First principles calculations based on density-functional theory are used to investigate the geometrical and electronic structure of a NiFe(001) invar surface. We use different ordered as well as alloy fcc-like structures to simulate the system. Ab initio atomic force minimizations show that the (001) invar surface is rumpled; Fe atoms are shifted outwards, Ni atoms inwards. A surface resonance is observed at (0.1–1.0) eV below the Fermi level, depending on the chemical ordering at and below the surface. Our calculations show that this resonance is pronounced in iron-rich surface regions. Presented at the X-th Symposium on Suface Physics, Prague, Czech Republic, July 11–15, 2005.     

Effects of O defects on adsorption of small Ag clusterson a MgO(001) surface

The interaction of Ag atoms with a defective MgO(001) surface is systematically studied based on density functional theory. The Ag clusters are deposited on neutral and charged oxygen vacancies of the MgO(001) surface. The structures of Ag clusters take the shape of simple models of two- or three-dimensional (2D and 3D) metal particles deposited on the MgO surface. When the nucleation of the metal clusters occurs in the F_s (missing neutral O) centre, the interaction with the substrate is considerably stronger than that in the F_s⁺ (missing O^- ) centre. The results show that the adsorption of Ag atoms on the MgO surface with oxygen vacancy is stronger than on a clear MgO surface, thereby attracting more Ag atoms to cluster together, and forming atomic islands.     

Ab initio study of oxygen-vacancy LaAlO3（001） surface

Density functional theory is used to investigate the surface structures and the energies of two possible terminated LaAlO3 （001） surfaces with oxygen vacancies, i.e. LaO- and AlO2-terminated surfaces. The large displacements of ions, deviated from their crystalline sites, can lead to the formation of the surface rumpling. From thermodynamics analysis, the AlO2-terminated surface with oxygen-vacancies is less stable than the LaO-terminated one. Some states in the gap lie under the Fermi level by about -1eV in the LaO-terminated surface with oxygen vacancies. For the AlO2- terminated oxygen-vacancy surface, some O 2p states move into the mid-gap region and become partially unoccupied. The two types of termination surfaces exhibit conduction related to oxygen vacancies. Our results can contribute to the application of LAO films to high dielectric constant materials.     

Surface segregation of the metal impurity to the (100) surface of fcc metals

The surface segregation energies for a single metal impurity to the (100) surface of nine fcc metals (Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Al and Ir) have been calculated using the MAEAM and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results show that the effect of the surface is down to the fourth-layer and an oscillatory or monotonic damping (|E ₁| > |E ₂| > |E ₃| > |E ₄|) phenomenon in segregation energy has been obtained. The absolute value of the segregation energy E ₁ for a single impurity in the first atomic layer is much higher than that in the nether layers. Thus, whether the surface segregation will work or not is mainly determined by E ₁ which is in good relation to the differences in surface energy between the impurity and host crystals ΔQ = Q _imp − Q _hos. So we conclude that an impurity with lower surface energy will segregate to the surface of the host with higher surface energy.      

Density functional theory investigation of carbon monoxide adsorption on the kaolinite(001) surface

Carbon monoxide(CO) is a gaseous pollutant with adverse effects on human health and the environment. Kaolinite is a natural mineral resource that can be used for different applications, including that it can also be used for retention of pollutant gases. The adsorption behavior of carbon monoxide molecules on the(001) surface of kaolinite was studied systematically by using density-functional theory and supercell models for a range coverage from 0.11 to 1.0 monolayers(ML). The CO adsorbed on the three-fold hollow, two-fold bridge, and one-fold top sites of the kaolinite(001) was tilted with respect to the surface. The strongest adsorbed site of carbon monoxide on the kaolinite(001) surface is the hollow site followed by the bridge and top site. The adsorption energy of CO decreased when increasing the coverage, thus indicating the lower stability of surface adsorption due to the repulsion of neighboring CO molecules. In addition to the adsorption structures and energetics, the lattice relaxation, the electronic density of states, and the different charge distribution have been investigated for different surface coverages.     

First Principles Study of Half Metallic Properties of VSb Surface and VSb/GaSb (001) Interface

The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of VSb in zincblende, andNiAs phases, VSb (001) film surfaces and its interfaces with GaSb (001) havebeen investigated within the framework of the density functional theoryusing the FPLAPW+lo approach. The NiAs structure is more stable than the ZB phase, ZB VSb is found to a half-metallic ferromagnetic. The V-terminated surfaces retain the half-metallic character, while the half-metallicity is destroyed for Sb-terminated surfaces due to surface states, which originate from p electrons. The phase diagram obtained through the ab-initio atomisticthermodynamics shows that the formation energy of ZB VSb is about 0.1 Ryd.The half-metallicity character is also preserved at VSb/GaSb (001) interface.The conduction band minimum (CBM) of VSb in the minority spin case liesabout 0.47 eV above that of GaSb, suggesting that the majority spin can beinjected into GaSb without being flipped to the conduction bands of the minority spin.     

异质原子在Cu（001）表面扩散的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法模拟单个增原子Ag,Pd和Cu在Cu（001）表面上的扩散过程.通过对自扩散和异质扩散过程中扩散机制的观察,统计三种不同的增原子在不同温度下的扩散频率,拟合给出扩散势垒和扩散频率的指前因子,并与扩散势垒的静力学计算结果进行比较.结果表明：在800 K以下时,三种增原子均以简单跳跃机制为主扩散,与衬底不互溶的Ag增原子的跳跃频率最大,与衬底互溶的Pd增原子的跳跃频率最小.同质增原子与异质增原子的扩散频率和温度的关系均较好地符合Arrhenius公式,由Arrhenius公式拟合给出的三种不同增原子的扩散势垒与表面结构和增原子表面结合能有关.Pd和Cu增原子从跳跃机制为主向交换机制为主的转换温度分别在825和937 K左右. 关键词： 表面扩散 分子动力学模拟