超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法同时测定食品接触用塑料中50种添加剂的迁移量

为评估食品接触用塑料中添加剂的迁移风险,采用超高效液相色谱－四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC－QTOF MS）建立了同时测定食品接触用塑料中50种添加剂迁移量的方法。以甲醇和0.01%（体积分数）甲酸－5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行洗脱,采用目标离子采集（Target MS/MS）模式对目标物的一级离子与二级离子进行监测。结果表明,各物质在0.02～5 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,方法检出限为0.01～0.1 mg/kg,加标回收率为92.6%～104%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.60%～8.4%。在20款实际样品中有12个样品检出塑料添加剂,其中2个样品检出壬基酚,迁移量为0.033～0.071 mg/kg;6个样品检出抗氧化剂1076和抗氧化剂168,迁移量为0.12～3.3 mg/kg;4个样品检出光引发剂369、光引发剂ITX和光引发剂TPO,迁移量为0.054～4.0 mg/kg。该方法简单、灵敏、准确,适用于食品接触用塑料中50种添加剂迁移量的检测。     

Determination of Ammonia in Water-borne Adhesives by Ion Chromatography

建立了一种离子色谱电导检测法测定水基胶黏剂中氨残留的方法.样品经10 mmol/L盐酸水溶液振荡、离心、过滤提取后,采用阳离子交换色谱柱分离和电导检测.在优化实验条件下,样品中的氨在0.05～2.0 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9998),加标回收率在93％～ 102％之间,相对标准偏差不高于4.3％,检出限(S/N=3)为0.007 mg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)为0.024 mg/L.结果表明该方法能够达到定量检测的目的.将该方法用于实际样品检测,结果可靠.通过对氨的稳定性实验发现,处理好的样品宜在12 h内测定.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中的尿素、缩二脲与双氰胺

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测食品中尿素、缩二脲和双氰胺的方法。样品经水浸泡并混匀,加入乙腈沉淀蛋白,通过冷冻离心去除脂肪,取清液挥干后用1.0 mL 70%乙腈水溶液复溶、过膜。采用电喷雾负离子电离（ESI+）模式和多反应监控（MRM）扫描模式,外标法定量。该方法在0.1~20.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r2）大于0.995。尿素、缩二脲和双氰胺的检出限分别为0.03、0.05、0.01 mg/L,定量下限分别为0.08、0.10、0.03 mg/L。加标水平为5.0、10.0、20.0 mg/kg时,尿素、缩二脲和双氰胺的平均回收率为70%~99%,相对标准偏差为0.42%~8.0%。该方法简便、灵敏、精确,适用于食品中尿素、缩二脲和双氰胺的检测。     

超高效液相色谱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法同时测定塑料食品接触材料中光稳定剂和抗氧化剂的特定迁移量

建立了超高效液相色谱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱同时测定塑料食品接触材料中多种光稳定剂和抗氧化剂特定迁移量的方法。采用30 g/L乙酸、体积分数分别为10%、20%、50%的乙醇和油类模拟物(异辛烷)这5种食品模拟物对塑料食品接触材料进行处理,对处理液进行超高效液相色谱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱分析,外标法定量。该方法测定的40种目标化合物在相应的范围内均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.998,定量限为0.01~1.00μg/L。考察了上述5种食品模拟物中光稳定剂和抗氧化剂的特定迁移量,平均加标回收率为81.46%~94.53%,相对标准偏差为3.25%~9.99%。应用该方法对市售塑料食品接触材料进行了测定,结果在部分样品中检出了不同含量的光稳定剂和抗氧化剂。该方法灵敏度高,定量限低,满足塑料食品接触材料中光稳定剂和抗氧化剂特定迁移量的检测要求。     

同位素内标-气相色谱-质谱联用法测定食品接触材料中的有机磷酸酯

建立了同位素内标-气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法测定食品接触材料中3种有机磷酸酯含量。样品中加入3种有机磷酸酯对应的同位素标记物,以丙酮作提取剂超声提取,采用优化后的GC-MS条件进行分析,以同位素为内标,在选择离子监测(SIM)模式下进行定量分析。结果表明,3种有机磷酸酯在0.0005～50 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r均大于0.999,方法检出限(LODs)为0.0017～0.039 mg/kg,定量限(LOQs)为0.0057～0.13 mg/kg,回收率在87.9%～113.0%,相对标准偏差在2.4%～7.8%之间。该方法样品前处理简单,灵敏度、准确度高,可用于食品接触材料中有机磷酸酯的日常检测。     

气相色谱－质谱法测定食品接触材料中2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇和新戊二醇的迁移量

建立了食品接触材料中2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇（MPO）和新戊二醇（NPG）迁移量的气相色谱－质谱（GC－MS）检测方法。食品接触材料经迁移试验后,所得浸泡液经苯硼酸溶液衍生化、正己烷萃取后,GC－MS测定。结果表明,该方法在优化条件下的线性相关性良好,相关系数（r2）大于0.995;MPO和NPG在4%乙酸、10%乙醇、50%乙醇和异辛烷中的检出限均为0.01 mg/L;线性范围均为0.02～0.10 mg/L;在95%乙醇中,MPO的检出限为0.30 mg/L,线性范围为0.50～1.6 mg/L,NPG的检出限为0.03 mg/L,线性范围为0.05～0.16 mg/L。该方法在低、中、高3个浓度水平的平均回收率为85.0%～112%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.60%～9.5%。该方法的检测结果准确、灵敏度高,能较好地实现食品接触材料及制品中MPO和NPG迁移量的测定,满足我国法规的限量要求。     

塑料食品接触材料样品前处理与检测技术研究进展

塑料食品接触材料是食品接触材料类别中最常见的一种材料,其本身可能含有的潜在化学危害物质在与食品接触过程中发生吸收、溶解、扩散等迁移行为,进而造成食品污染,危害食品质量安全。采用适宜的样品前处理和检测技术对迁移物进行鉴别分析是塑料食品接触材料安全所面临的巨大挑战。该文就塑料食品接触材料的样品前处理技术和仪器分析技术进行了综述,并展望了其发展趋势和应用前景,旨在为从事塑料食品接触材料质量安全研究和检测的技术人员提供技术参考。     

高效液相色谱法检测多种食品基体中残留的喹氧灵

建立了采用液相色谱检测大豆、花椰菜、樱桃、木耳、葡萄酒、茶叶、蜂蜜、猪肝、鸡肉、鳗鱼等多种食品基体中喹氧灵残留的方法。利用乙酸乙酯提取样品中残留的喹氧灵,用氨基固相萃取小柱净化;对于脂肪含量较高的样品,在进行固相萃取前采用凝胶渗透色谱净化技术去脂。方法的准确度与精密度较好,在添加浓度为0.010～5.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率及相对标准偏差分别为82%～96%及3.2%～11.8%;在0.050～50.0 mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,检测限达0.010 mg/kg。该方法适用性广,能消除复杂基质带来的干扰,可用于各类食品中喹氧灵残留的分析。     

高效液相色谱测定食品中的7种抗氧化剂

建立了高效液相色谱同时定量测定食品中叔丁基对羟基茴香醚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、特丁基对苯二酚、没食子酸丙酯、没食子酸辛酯、没食子酸异戊酯和没食子酸月桂酯7种抗氧化剂的分析方法.液态油脂样品经甲醇反复提取后氮气吹干,5 mL甲醇定容;固体样品使用正己烷提取,再用乙腈反萃取多次,氮气吹干,5 mL甲醇定容.提取液经Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(250 mm x4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以1.5％乙酸-甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱.用二极管阵列检测器(PDA)进行检测,结合保留时间和紫外光谱进行定性分析,定量检测波长280 nm.7种抗氧化剂在1～100 mg/L范围内具有较好的线性关系,相关系数r2＞0.999,定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)为1.0～1.5 mg/kg;空白样品的加标回收率为79％～ 101％,相对标准偏差均低于7％.将该方法应用于食品中抗氧化剂的检测,从成品植物油、坚果等食品中检出抗氧化剂的残留.该方法准确快速、灵敏度高,满足食品中添加剂的检测要求.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定食品接触材料及制品中9种抗氧化剂迁移量

为了评估食品接触材料及制品中抗氧化剂的迁移风险,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了同时测定食品接触材料及制品中9种抗氧化剂迁移量的方法。采用C18色谱柱对迁移实验后的食品模拟物中9种抗氧化剂进行分离,1 mmol/L氟化铵和甲醇为流动相洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应监测(MRM)正负离子模式进行扫描。结果表明,9种抗氧化剂的色谱分离效果良好,并在0.3~6 mg/L质量浓度范围内与其峰面积均呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.1 mg/L。加标回收率为93.9%~106%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.80%~9.3%。该方法快速高效、线性范围好,适用于塑料食品接触材料及制品中9种抗氧化剂迁移量的检测。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.