PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES（Ⅰ）-PREPARATION AND PORE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION

A series of sisal based activated carbon fibers were preqared with steam activation at temperature from 750℃ to 900℃.Their pore structures were characterized through their nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77K using different theories.The results showed that t-plot method and DR-plot method could suitably be used to characterize the mesopore structure and the multi-stage distribution of pore size of activated carbon fibers.It also showed that the pore size widens with the increase of activation temperature.     

活性碳纤维的结构修饰及其吸附氙性能的研究

活性炭纤维对氙的吸附容量与其孔结构密切相关，为了提高活性炭纤维对氙气的吸附容量，本文分别用亚甲基蓝、对硝基苯酚等有机物，或氯化钠、碘等无机化合物填充的方法修饰活性炭纤维的孔结构；以及利用高锰酸钾或硝酸等氧化处理修饰活性炭纤维的表面化学性质，同时，利用低温氮等温吸附表征了这些改性活性炭纤维的孔结构，以及通过光电子能谱表征了改性活性炭纤维的表面化学结构，上述化合物充填或氧化改性活性炭纤维对氙的吸附性能的研究结果表明，适量化合物填充，或合适浓度硝酸对活性炭纤维的表面处理，可以有效地修饰活性炭纤维的孔结构或改变活性炭纤维表面对氙的亲和力。因而可有效地提高改性活性炭纤维对氙的吸附容量。     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES (II)-XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES

1. INTRODUCTION The adsorption and concentration of xenon has practical application interest in the purification of radioactive waste gas released from nuclear plant operation. Moreover, the monitor of xenon isotopic, derived from nuclear explosion or nu…     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES（Ⅱ）-XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES

The adsorption of xenon from air has an interest in the monitoring of nuclear explosion oraccident, or in the treatment of nuclear waste gas. In this paper, the pore structure of several series ofactivated carbon fibers has been characterized. The adsorption properties of xenon on theseactivated carbon fibers under different temperatures have been studied in details. The results showthat the xenon adsorption amount on activated carbon fibers do not increase with specific surfacearea of adsorbents, but are closely related to their pore size distribution. Pores whose radius equal toor narrow than 0.4nm would be more advantageous to the adsorption of xenon.     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES (III)-ADSORPTION ON MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER

1. INTRODUCTION Nuclear explosion and thermal fission of U produce many kinds of nuclide. The major products consist of gaseous materials, in particular the noble gases Xe. In some types of nuclear reactor it is necessary to remove 135Xe from the cooling…     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES（Ⅲ）-ADSORPTION ON MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER

Structures of a series of activated carbon fibers were modified by impregnating them withorganic and inorganic materials such as Methylene blue(Mb)、 p-nitrophenol (PNP)、 NaCl or byoxidizing with KMnO4 or HNO3. The influence of pore filling or chemical treatment on their xenonadsorption properties was studied. The experimental results show that Mb and PNP filling ofactivated carbon fibers result in the decrease of xenon adsorption capacities of these treated ACFs,which is due to the decrease of their surface area and micro-pore volume. However, the adsorptioncapacity increases greatly with oxidizing treatment of activated carbon fibers by 7mol/L HNO3.     

活性炭纤维的微孔结构水吸附

测定了两种活性炭纤维（ACF）的氮气、水吸附等温线和XPS,研究了ACF的微孔结构和表面性质,用αs图分析氮吸附等温线获得了ACF的比表面积、微孔容量和微孔径。XPS表明在ACF表面存在多种不同结合状态的氧。水在ACF上的吸附等温线呈V型,具有很大的脱附滞后环。水通过与ACF表面的氧形成氢键发生吸附。ACF表面的初始吸附点多,则在低、中压时的水吸附量就大。     

STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF ZINC-CONTAINING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Several kinds of activated carbon fibers, using sisal fiber as precursors, were preparedwith steam activation or with ZnCl2 activation. Zinc or its compounds were dispersed in them. Theantibacterial activities of these activated carbon fibers were determined and compared. The researchresults showed that these sisal based activated carbon fibers supporting zinc have strongerantibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and S. aureus. The antibacterial activity is related tothe precursors, the pyrolysis temperature, and the zinc content. In addition, small quantity of silversupported on zinc-containing ACFs will greatly enhance the antibacterial activity of ACFs.     

STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF ZINC-CONTAINING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

1. INTRODUCTION Microbial pollution will bring about various problems in industry and other vital fields, such as causing decomposing of materials, harming people抯 health. In order to reduce these problems, new antibacterial materials have been demanded. Recently, much attention has been paid to inorganic materials including zinc oxide [1~4]. These inorganic antibacterial materials are now substituting for organic materials to avoid releasing noxious organic molecules harmful to humans;…     

活性炭纤维对氙的动态吸附性能研究

采用动态吸附实验装置，研究了吸附温度、原料气浓度和原料气流量对活性炭纤维动态吸附氙性能的影响。结果表明：在低温条件下（≤273K)，随着温度的升高，活性炭纤维对氙的平衡吸附量明显下降／同时，活性炭纤维对氙的平衡吸附量分别随着原料气浓度及原料气流量的增大而增大。     

ADSORPTION OF DYES ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1.INTRODUCTIONDyewastewaterisakindofseriouspollutionsource.InthetraditionaltreatmentmethodsfordyewastewatergenerallytherearefourapproachesincludingelectricchargeneutraliZationofgelparticles,complexation(chelatation),redoxreaction,andbiochemicalcoagulationII~31.Recently,dyewastewaterhasbecomemoreconcentrated,moredifficulttodegradedbiochemically,andmorepoisonous,whichbringsaboutagreatchallengeforwatertreatment.AlthoughtheCOD(chemicaloxygendemand)mayfitthequalitystandardofwastewaterdischar…     

常温下活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附性能研究

本文研究了光致电离检测器的检测性能和四种活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附,并且讨论了影响活性碳纤维动态吸附氙的两个影响因素,结果表明：光致电离检测器可以实现对氙的特征性检出;活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附性能良好,是一种很好的氙吸附材料。     

添加聚乙二醇对酚醛树脂基球形活性炭结构和性能的影响

在以线型树脂为原料制备球形活性炭的过程中存在炭难以活化以及所制备活性炭比表积小的问题,本工作对针对此问题,提出了在线型酚醛树脂中添加聚乙二醇作为造孔剂的新方法来制备球形活性炭。结果表明：在线型酚醛树脂中添加17．6％的聚乙二醇中所制备的球形炭具有良好的活性特性;深度活化的球形活性炭球表炭球形完整,结构均匀,与未添加造孔剂的试样相比,该球形活性炭具有比表面积大,中孔率较大以及对肌酐的平衡吸附量大的特点。     

活性碳纤维对银离子还原吸附能力的改进

活性碳纤维不仅对有机物有高的吸附容量,对贵金属离子也具有强的还原吸附能力,可将Pd(Ⅱ）,Ag（Ⅰ）,Au（Ⅲ）等离子还原为金属单质。因而可用于提取矿液或加收废液中的贵金属。由此,提高或改善贵金属在活性碳纤维上的还原吸附容量或分布形成,显得非常重要。本文研究了活性碳纤维制备条件、表面氧化改性、以有负载有机物等对活性碳纤维还原能力的影响。结果表明,（1）制备条件对剑麻基活性碳纤维的还原能力有很大的影响。用H3PO4或ZnCl2活化的活性碳纤维对银离子具有更高的还原吸附容量,分别可达250和700mg/g,约为水蒸汽活化剑麻基活性碳纤维对银离子还原吸附容量的2倍和5倍。（2）过氧化氢、高锰酸钾、或硝酸等无机氧化剂对活性碳纤维进行表面改性,也能提高活性碳纤维的还原能力。结果表明,虽然改性活性碳纤维的比表面积和孔体积下降10-20%左右,但基表面含氧量及含氧基团的种类发生了改变。这些改性活性碳纤维对Ag(NH3)2^ 的还原吸附量大幅度提高,可达550mg/g以上。推断表面改性在活性碳纤维表面创造了更多有利于碱性条件下发生氧化还原的活性点。（3）在活性碳纤维表面负载适当的有机物如亚甲基蓝、苯胺或对硝基苯酚,也能显著提高活性碳纤维对Ag(NH3)2^ 的还原吸附能力。     

PREPARATION AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER CONTAINING SILVER*

1.INTRODUCTIONActivatedcarbonfibers(ACF)havehighspecificsurfaceareasorabundantmicropores,whichmakethemhavegreatadsorptionrateandlargeadsorptioncapacity.Nowtheymakeaveryimportantroleinenvironmentalcontrolandinresourcerecovery[1].Bytakingadvantageoftheactivatedcarbonfibers'adsorptionabilityagainstbacteriaandstenchsubstance,theycanalsobeusedinpurifyingblood,inmedicinebandageforpreventingthewoundbacteriafrompropagatingandforadsorbingandeliminatingthewoundstench.Theresultsbyotherworkersindica…     

PROGRESS ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

Activated carbon fiber is one kind of important adsorption materials. These novel fibrousadsorbents have high specific surface areas or abundant functional groups, which make them havegreater adsorption/desorption rates and larger adsorption capacities than other adsorbents. They canbe prepared as bundle, paper, cloth and felt to meet various technical requirement. They also showreduction property. In this paper the latest progress on the studies of the preparation and adsorptionproperties of activated carbon fibers is reviewed. The application of these materials in drinking waterpurification, environmental control, resource recovery, chemical industry, and in medicine and healthcare is also presented.     

PROGRESS ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1. INTRODUCTION The serious environment pollution and natural resources waste is imperiling human existence and development. To counter the exhaustion and dilution of natural resources, and to prevent environment from further pollution, it is their duty …     

活性炭纤维对挥发性有机物的吸附及其等温线的拟合

空气中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）严重危害人的身体健康,因而研究VOC的去除具有重要意义。本文研究了不同比表面积粘胶基活性炭纤维（ACF）对低浓度VOC,丁酮和苯的吸附,并用Freundilch方程和DR方程对吸附等温线进行了拟合。结果表明：当丁酮的浓度高于100ppm时,比表面积高的ACF吸附容量高;当浓度低于100ppm时,情形正好相反。在实验浓度范围,较高比表面积的活性炭纤维对苯的吸附表现出了较高的吸附容量。Freundlich方程和DR方程能很好地拟合吸附等温线。     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMER-BASED SPHERICAL ACTIVATED CARBONS

A series of spherical activated carbons(SACs)with different pore structures were prepared from chloromethylated polydivinylbenzene by ZnCl_2 activation.The effects of activation temperature and retention time on the yield and textural properties of the resulting SACs were studied.All the SACs are generated with high yield of above 65% and exhibit relatively high mesopore fraction(me%)of 35.7%-43.6% compared with conventional activated carbons.The sample zlc28 prepared at 800℃for 2 h has the largest BET s...     

KINETICS OF DEPOSITION OF METAL IONS TO ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS (ACFs) WITH FLUIDIZATION

1. INTRODUCTION Study on the deposition of metal ions on ACFs indicated that such a process consists of several consecutive steps [1]: (1) transfer of the solvated ions (metal ions) from the bulk solution to the proximity of the ACFs surface; (2) absorpt…