KINETICS OF DEPOSITION OF METAL IONS TO ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS（ACFs)WITH FLUIDIZATION

The diffusion and mass transfer, reaction, integration and growth processes of the metalions on the activated carbon fibers (ACFs) are discussed. Based on the diffusion film theory, thediiffusion and the integration model are developed to describe the deposition processes of metal ionsfrom the solution to ACFs in the fiuidized beds. The model of heat transfer of this process isestablished to expound the important role-played in deposition processes by the influence of thereaction heat released at ACFs surface and the non-uniform temperature distribution caused byhydrodynamics.     

活性碳纤维吸附的研究Ⅰ-不同工艺制备的活性碳纤维的性能比较

本文比较研究了五种不同工艺制备的活性碳纤维（ACF）的产率、比表面积、孔结构、对有机溶剂蒸汽的吸附和脱附性能、对水溶液中亚甲基兰、苯酚和碘的吸附性能以及它们的热稳定性。实验结果表明，水蒸气活化的ACF比化学活化的ACF有更大的比表面积，但前者产品产率较低而后者很高；不论水蒸气活化还是化学活化的ACF，它们对有机溶剂饱和蒸汽的吸附量都较高，脱附和再吸附的性能也都较好，对水溶液中的苯酚都有较好的吸附能力，但化学活化的ACF对亚甲基兰的吸附量显著小于水蒸气活化的ACF，同时磷酸活化的ACF-P对碘的吸附量也明显偏小；除了用KOH活化的ACF外，其它ACF都有很好的热稳定性。     

PROGRESS ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

Activated carbon fiber is one kind of important adsorption materials. These novel fibrousadsorbents have high specific surface areas or abundant functional groups, which make them havegreater adsorption/desorption rates and larger adsorption capacities than other adsorbents. They canbe prepared as bundle, paper, cloth and felt to meet various technical requirement. They also showreduction property. In this paper the latest progress on the studies of the preparation and adsorptionproperties of activated carbon fibers is reviewed. The application of these materials in drinking waterpurification, environmental control, resource recovery, chemical industry, and in medicine and healthcare is also presented.     

PROGRESS ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1. INTRODUCTION The serious environment pollution and natural resources waste is imperiling human existence and development. To counter the exhaustion and dilution of natural resources, and to prevent environment from further pollution, it is their duty …     

STUDIES ON THE CATALYTIC REACTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE ON METAL MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1.INTRODUCTIONNitrogenmonoxide(NO)producedduringthecombustionprocessesisoneofthemostseriouspollutants,whichproducestownsmogandcausesotherseriousworldecologicalproblems.Inrecentyears,scientistspaidgreatattentionstocontrolandremovethiskindofpollutantbydifferenttechniques.Amongthem,catalytictechnologiesareattractivebecauseoftheirlowcostandhighefficiency[1].Nowadays,theNOismainlytreatedbycatalyticreductionwithreducingagentssuchasammoniaandsurphurdioxideandsoonovermetal-basedcatalysts.Thecar…     

STUDIES ON THE CATALYTIC REACTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE ON METAL MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

The catalytic reaction of NO with CO and decomposition of NO over metal modified ACFs were investigated and compared with other carriers supported catalysts. It is demonstrated that Pd/ACF and Pd/Cu/ACF have high catalytic activity for the reaction of NO/CO, while Pt/ACE. Pt/Cu/ACF and Co/Cu/ACF have very low catalytic activity in similar circumstance. Pd-modified ACF possesses high catalytic decomposition of NO at 300℃. Pd/CB and Pd/GAC present good catalytic decomposition abifity for NO only at low [lowrate. Pd/G Pd/ZMS and Pd/A however, do not show any catalytic activity for NO decomposition even at 400 ℃. Catalytic temperature, NO flowrate and loading of metal components affect the decomposition rate of NO. The coexistence of Cu with Pd on Cu/Pd/ACF leads to crystalline of palladium to more unperfected so as to that increase the catalytic activity.     

载银磷酸活化剑麻基活性炭纤维的抗菌性能研究

本文利用磷酸化方法，制备各种剑麻基活性炭纤维，并利用活性炭纤维的氧化还原特性及吸附性能，在其上负载金属银，研究并比较了这些载银活性炭纤维对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭作用，结果表明，磷酸浓度，活化方法，活化时间，纤维的比表面积等因素的均对材料的抗菌性能有一定的影响，磷酸活化的活性炭纤维表现出强的抗菌杀菌能力，高浓度磷酸活化后的纤维抗菌能力有所提高，并且抗菌能力随活化时间的延长而增加，抗菌前后纤维上负载的银未曾大量脱落，经5次抗菌试验后材料仍显示出很强的抗菌能力。     

活性炭纤维的微孔结构水吸附

测定了两种活性炭纤维（ACF）的氮气、水吸附等温线和XPS,研究了ACF的微孔结构和表面性质,用αs图分析氮吸附等温线获得了ACF的比表面积、微孔容量和微孔径。XPS表明在ACF表面存在多种不同结合状态的氧。水在ACF上的吸附等温线呈V型,具有很大的脱附滞后环。水通过与ACF表面的氧形成氢键发生吸附。ACF表面的初始吸附点多,则在低、中压时的水吸附量就大。     

STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING REDUCTION CAPACITIES OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

The reduction adsorption of silver diamminonitrate on different kinds of activated carbonfibers (ACF) has been studied in this paper. The effect of different parameters, including adsorptiontemperature, concentrations of activation agents, and activation time on the silver adsorptioncapacities of activated carbon fibers has been investigated The results show that higher temperaturein which the silver complex interacts with ACF. or higher concentration of activation agent, will makehigher reduction adsorption capacities of ACFs. More over, ACFs activated with phosphoric acidhave higher reduction capacities than those activated with zinc chloride or steam.     

STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING REDUCTION CAPACITIES OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1. INTRODUCTION The discharge of effluent containing precious metal ions, which comes from electroplating, mining, smelting, and other industries, not only contaminate the environment where people live, but also cause the waste of natural resources. From…     

ADSORPTION OF DYES ON ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

1.INTRODUCTIONDyewastewaterisakindofseriouspollutionsource.InthetraditionaltreatmentmethodsfordyewastewatergenerallytherearefourapproachesincludingelectricchargeneutraliZationofgelparticles,complexation(chelatation),redoxreaction,andbiochemicalcoagulationII~31.Recently,dyewastewaterhasbecomemoreconcentrated,moredifficulttodegradedbiochemically,andmorepoisonous,whichbringsaboutagreatchallengeforwatertreatment.AlthoughtheCOD(chemicaloxygendemand)mayfitthequalitystandardofwastewaterdischar…     

MACRO-KINETICS BEHAVIOR OF GOLD RECOVERY BY ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS (ACFs) IN A FLUIDIZED BED

1. INTRODUCTION In the previous experiments for recovery of Au by ACFs, only the micro-processes were focused on, such as fiber structure and its absorption properties, while the physical circumstances in this process has not been reported [1]. The lacki…     

STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF ZINC-CONTAINING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Several kinds of activated carbon fibers, using sisal fiber as precursors, were preparedwith steam activation or with ZnCl2 activation. Zinc or its compounds were dispersed in them. Theantibacterial activities of these activated carbon fibers were determined and compared. The researchresults showed that these sisal based activated carbon fibers supporting zinc have strongerantibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and S. aureus. The antibacterial activity is related tothe precursors, the pyrolysis temperature, and the zinc content. In addition, small quantity of silversupported on zinc-containing ACFs will greatly enhance the antibacterial activity of ACFs.     

MACRO-KINETICS BEHAVIOR OF GOLD RECOVERY BY ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS（ACFs)IN A FLUIDIZED BED

The recovery of Au by activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was carried out in a 40mm diameter,1200mm height fluidizedbed The rates of reaction of the functional fibers with Au3+ in the pureaurum solution and in the aurum-containing wastewater were measured respectively at the differentsolution fiow rates, and compared with the results under the static solution conditions. Experimentalresults indicated that the reaction rates in fluidization are notably higher than those in the static stateand increase with the increase of solution flow rate. It demonstrates that the thickness of theconcentration boundary layer is decreased and a uniform temperature field is established in the beddue to increasing of the turbulent extent with the relative fiber/solution velocity.     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES (I)-PREPARATION AND PORE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION

1. INTRODUCTION Xenon isotopics are products of nuclear fission. The nuclear plant operation may release radioactive xenon to environment, thus result in serious damage to the environment and human health. Therefore, the adsorption and concentrating of x…     

STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION OF ZINC-CONTAINING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

1. INTRODUCTION Microbial pollution will bring about various problems in industry and other vital fields, such as causing decomposing of materials, harming people抯 health. In order to reduce these problems, new antibacterial materials have been demanded. Recently, much attention has been paid to inorganic materials including zinc oxide [1~4]. These inorganic antibacterial materials are now substituting for organic materials to avoid releasing noxious organic molecules harmful to humans;…     

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS AND THEIR XENON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES（Ⅰ）-PREPARATION AND PORE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION

A series of sisal based activated carbon fibers were preqared with steam activation at temperature from 750℃ to 900℃.Their pore structures were characterized through their nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77K using different theories.The results showed that t-plot method and DR-plot method could suitably be used to characterize the mesopore structure and the multi-stage distribution of pore size of activated carbon fibers.It also showed that the pore size widens with the increase of activation temperature.     

活性炭纤维对铂离子的还原吸附特征

利用不同的活化工艺,制备了水蒸汽活化和磷酸或氯化锌活化活性炭纤维,并借助扫描电镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和光电子能谱(XPS)等技术,研究了这些活性炭纤维对铂的还原吸附特征。结果表明,各活性炭纤维均能还原吸附铂离子,吸附容量为30mgPt/gC至90mgPt/gC之间。依据活性炭纤维种类的不同,还原吸附的铂呈粒状或放射性簇状存在于活性炭纤维表面,铂颗粒的粒径为几十nm至1μm之间。对纤维表面铂的XRD分析表明,还原吸附的铂呈无定型结构,但经过400℃高温处理后,颗粒转化为金属铂结晶形态。还原吸附铂后,活性炭纤维表面的含氧基团相应增加,显示其表面被氧化为羟基和羰基。     

活性碳纤维对银离子还原吸附能力的改进

活性碳纤维不仅对有机物有高的吸附容量,对贵金属离子也具有强的还原吸附能力,可将Pd(Ⅱ）,Ag（Ⅰ）,Au（Ⅲ）等离子还原为金属单质。因而可用于提取矿液或加收废液中的贵金属。由此,提高或改善贵金属在活性碳纤维上的还原吸附容量或分布形成,显得非常重要。本文研究了活性碳纤维制备条件、表面氧化改性、以有负载有机物等对活性碳纤维还原能力的影响。结果表明,（1）制备条件对剑麻基活性碳纤维的还原能力有很大的影响。用H3PO4或ZnCl2活化的活性碳纤维对银离子具有更高的还原吸附容量,分别可达250和700mg/g,约为水蒸汽活化剑麻基活性碳纤维对银离子还原吸附容量的2倍和5倍。（2）过氧化氢、高锰酸钾、或硝酸等无机氧化剂对活性碳纤维进行表面改性,也能提高活性碳纤维的还原能力。结果表明,虽然改性活性碳纤维的比表面积和孔体积下降10-20%左右,但基表面含氧量及含氧基团的种类发生了改变。这些改性活性碳纤维对Ag(NH3)2^ 的还原吸附量大幅度提高,可达550mg/g以上。推断表面改性在活性碳纤维表面创造了更多有利于碱性条件下发生氧化还原的活性点。（3）在活性碳纤维表面负载适当的有机物如亚甲基蓝、苯胺或对硝基苯酚,也能显著提高活性碳纤维对Ag(NH3)2^ 的还原吸附能力。     

活性炭纤维孔结构控制和表面改性

活性炭纤维（ACF-ActivatedCarbonFiber）是本世纪七十年代发展起来的纤维状吸附剂[1]。其吸附性能与表面积、细孔直径、细孔分布等物理结构密切相关，同时与其表面化学结构密不可分，本文综述介绍ACF的孔结构控制方法和表面化学改性与吸附性能的关系。