共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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汽液界面动力学行为与热力学性质的分子动力学研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
本文采用分子动力学方法研究了热平衡条件下的汽液界面的动力学行为和热力学性质。统计获得了界面区的密度、压力张量及温度的分布,并且从分子层次观察分析了界面结构和动力学特性。研究表明汽液界面是一个随时间起伏涨落的曲面,界面层的分子并不是处于液相和蒸汽相之间的一种过渡状态,从汽相到液相密度的连续变化是长时间的统计结果,汽渡过渡区的厚度与汽液界面区的密度涨落的范围是一致的。对于平衡条件下的汽液界面,由于汽液相变的影响,在紧贴界面处存在一个分子平均动能非平衡分布的区域。此非平衡区域的存在与汽液两相的宏观热平衡并不矛盾,但可能对蒸发/凝结流率的估计有不可忽略的影响。 相似文献
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基于质量守恒、能量守恒方程,耦合环路热管各关键节点处压力、温度及传热传质关系,通过计算冷凝器中汽液界面位置,将环路热管内压力损失分为蒸汽侧压损和液相侧压损,并构建了从局部到整体的稳态运行数学物理模型,重点分析了冷凝界面位置和蒸发器热泄漏对环路热管稳态运行的影响规律。发现,低热流密度下,冷凝界面越靠近蒸汽出口越有利于提高环路热管的传热性能,但随着热流密度增加,冷凝位置对环路热管稳态性能的影响程度越来越小;抑制热泄漏或增加流入补偿室内的冷量,均可增大毛细芯两侧温度梯度,降低运行温度,进而提高环路热管的传热性能。 相似文献
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格子Boltzmann方法是求解相变材料(PCM,phase change material)固液相变界面上复杂质量、能量和动量传递的有效方法。本文将伪焓LB模型推广至多孔介质固液相变中,构建相应的LB模型,并通过焓和温度的关系,获得下一时间步的焓、温度和对应液相率。为验证多孔介质固液相变LB模型的正确性,本文分别对一维Stefan问题和二维方腔多孔介质内固液相变问题进行求解。结果表明,在无自然对流作用下(一维Stefan问题),本文所构建模型能精确还原温度分布,与解析解相对误差控制在2%以内。除此之外,本文模型能反映自然对流对固液相变过程的影响,与已有工作差别较小,能准确追踪固液相变界面位置。 相似文献
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有限厚度冻冰相变过程的传热研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
1前言确定相界面的瞬态位置是求解冻冰相变问题的重要部分。目前对于有限区域相变问题还没有可靠的精确解[1]。冻冰过程最简单分析方法是忽略固液两相的显热变化,建立相界面移动的准稳态传热关系式,近似预测固一液相变位置[2-4]。本文将考虑液、固相中显热的变化,对有限厚平板冻冰过程,采用精确解与积分解相结合的方法,分析冰层冻结过程中的固一液相界面、边界热流密度和贮入固、液相内的冷量随冻冰时间的变化规律。2物理一数学模型分析该研究的问题是一块贮冷板的两侧面直接与一个低温蒸发器直接接触,使贮冷板内冻冰贮冷。通常蒸发器… 相似文献
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毛细管内薄液膜轮廓和传热特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文认为毛细管的相变传热机理为液膜的导热和表面蒸发;表面蒸发受蒸汽温度、汽液界面的温度以及汽液压力差的共同控制。汽液流动机理为流动受脱离压力梯度、毛细力梯度支配。汽液相互作用机理为存在由于蒸发导致的动量转移切应力和由于汽液流速不同产生的摩擦切应力。提出的物理模型中较为全面地考虑了毛细管内传热、汽液流动及其相互作用。对毛细管半径和传热功率对薄液膜轮廓和传热特性影响程度的计算结果表明,随着毛细管半径的减小、传热功率的增大,蒸发界面区的长度会有所减小,这是针对微小空间得出的不同于常规情况的结论。 相似文献
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本文以LNG冷能发电装置中的中间介质气化器中冷凝器丙烷管外凝结过程为研究对象,通过建立相应数值模型,采用VOF模型追踪气液相界面,利用LEE模型作为相变传热传质模型,对管外气态丙烷凝结成液膜流动及凝结传热问题进行了瞬态二维CFD模拟。分析了冷凝器丙烷端管外液膜流动和凝结换热特性,将管外换热系数的模拟值与Nusselt公式理论解进行对比,偏差在10%以内,证明了该模型对模拟冷凝器中丙烷管外凝结过程的准确性。此外,还将该IFV中丙烷端凝结换热特性与常规IFV进行了对比,发现在较小壁面过冷度时,该IFV管外换热系数要明显小于常规IFV。 相似文献
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The heat capacity at constant volume of a mixture of methane and 0.0345 mole fractions of heptane is experimentally studied over a wide range of densities and temperatures. In the case when the transition from a three-phase state takes place in the presence of a noncritical liquid phase, it is found that the behavior of the heat capacity in the vicinity of the upper end critical point is fully isomorphic with the behavior of the heat capacity in the vicinity of the liquid-vapor critical point of one-component fluid. It is shown that the measured quantity in this experiment is the heat capacity at constant volume and constant chemical potential μ of the heavy impurity component C v, μ. Thus, it has been confirmed by direct measurements that the anomaly of this heat capacity completely coincides in character with the anomaly of the heat capacity at constant volume in the vicinity of the liquid-vapor critical point of one-component fluids. 相似文献
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We measured the specific heat of two-dimensional films of CH4 adsorbed on graphite for several coverages and we observed broad peaks at the liquid-vapor transition. The critical temperature is estimated to be 70 ± 1 K, somewhat lower than reported in previous measurements. At intermediate coverages the liquid-vapor boundary is very flat indicating that it could be described by a 2D Ising model. We measured also for some coverages the triple temperature at 56.2 K and the commensurate-incommensurate transition at about 50 K, both in reasonable agreement with previous measurements. 相似文献
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A. V. Baginsky D. V. Volosnikov P. V. Skripov A. A. Smotritsky 《Thermophysics and Aeromechanics》2008,15(3):373-379
Experimental techniques for investigation of heat transfer in liquid mixtures of different types complimenting each other
have been presented. The main attention is focused on the measurements under conditions of pulse heating. The paper opens
the set of papers dealing with the elucidation of features characteristic of the heat transfer in pulse superheated mixtures,
including metastable states with respect to the liquid-vapor and liquid-liquid equilibriums. 相似文献
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The article presents the results of experimental investigation of boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-21 in upward flow in a vertical plate-fin heat exchanger with transverse size of the channels that is smaller than the capillary constant. The heat transfer coefficients obtained in ranges of small mass velocities and low heat fluxes, which are typical of the industry, have been poorly studied yet. The characteristic patterns of the upward liquid-vapor flow in the heat exchanger channels and the regions of their existence are detected. The obtained data show a weak dependence of heat transfer coefficient on equilibrium vapor quality, mass flow rate, and heat flux density and do not correspond to calculations by the known heat transfer models. A possible reason for this behavior is a decisive influence of evaporation of thin liquid films on the heat transfer at low heat flux. 相似文献