密度泛函理论研究KB_n(n=1-9)团簇的结构和性质

在密度泛函理论的框架下,采用广义梯度近似(GGA)研究了KB_n(n=1-9)团簇的基态几何结构,系统计算了平均结合能Eb、二阶能量差分△2E、劈裂能D(n,n-1)、最高占据轨道(HOMO)与最低未占据轨道(LUMO)之间的能隙,研究表明:KB_n(n=1-9)团簇,随着团簇尺寸的变化,其稳定性逐渐增强,其中KB_3和KB_5为幻数团簇;KB_n(n=1-9)团簇的能隙随团簇总原子数的增加呈现振荡变化,态密度分析得到能隙振荡变化的原因是团簇带隙的差异.     

Eu_mSi_n(m=1～2,n=1～8)团簇结构和性质的密度泛函理论研究

在密度泛函理论的框架下,采用广义梯度近似（GGA）研究了Eu₂Si_n（n=1～7）团簇的基态几何结构,系统计算了平均结合能E_b、二阶能量差分△₂E、最高占据轨道（HOMO）与最低未占据轨道（LUMO）之间的能隙,并与已有的EuSi_n（n=2～8）团簇相关数据作对比分析.研究表明:单Eu原子比双Eu原子掺杂的Si团簇具有更高的稳定性,EuSi₃、EuSi₆、Eu₂Si₄团簇较相应邻近团簇结构稳定;Eu_mSi_n（m=1～2,n=l～8）团簇的能隙随着团簇总原子数的增加呈现振荡变化,态密度分析得到能隙振荡变化的原因是S原子的s轨道与Eu原子的p轨道发生了杂化.     

KBn(n=1~10)团簇的结构和性质的密度泛函理论研究

应用密度泛函理论(DFT) B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d)水平上计算并分析了KBn(n=1~10)团簇的几何结构及电子性质和极化率.通过研究团簇的平均结合能、能级间隙、二阶能量差分分析了团簇的稳定性规律,研究表明: KBn(n=1~10)团簇基态多数为立体构型,能级间隙和二阶能量差分结果表明KB3与KB9是幻数团簇.对团簇基态的极化率研究表明KBn团簇的电子结构随B原子的增加趋于紧凑,基本形成了一定的堆积方式.静态第一超极化率研究表明KB8与KB4两种平面构型的团簇具有较好的非线性光学性能.     

金镉混合纳米团簇的结构布局和电子性质的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的Dmol~3模拟软件包对Au_nCd_n(1≤n≤6)团簇的几何结构进行优化,并对其能量和电子性质进行了分析.结果表明:n=1-2,团簇的最低能量结构是平面结构;n=3-6,结构为三维立体结构.随着团簇尺寸的增加,团簇的平均结合能呈上升趋势.最高占据轨道和最低未占据轨道之间的能隙,电子亲和势,和电离势呈现明显的奇偶变化,团簇的幻数为n=2,4,6.     

金镉混合纳米团簇的结构布局和电子性质的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的Dmol3模拟软件包对AunCdn(1≤n≤6)团簇的几何结构进行优化,并对其能量和电子性质进行了分析。结果表明：n=1-2,团簇的最低能量结构是平面结构;n=3-6,结构为三维立体结构。随着团簇尺寸的增加,团簇的平均结合能呈上升趋势。最高占据轨道和最低未占据轨道之间的能隙,电子亲和势,和电离势呈现明显的奇偶变化,团簇的幻数为n=2,4,6。     

KBn（n=1～10）团簇的结构和性质的密度泛函理论研究北大核心CSCD

应用密度泛函理论（DFT）B3LYP方法在6-311＋G（d）水平上计算并分析了KBn（n=1～10）团簇的几何结构及电子性质和极化率．通过研究团簇的平均结合能、能级间隙、二阶能量差分分析了团簇的稳定性规律,研究表明：KBn（n=1～10）团簇基态多数为立体构型,能级间隙和二阶能量差分结果表明KB3 与KB9是幻数团簇．对团簇基态的极化率研究表明KB。团簇的电子结构随B原子的增加趋于紧凑,基本形成了一定的堆积方式．静态第一超极化率研究表明K战与KB4两种平面构型的团簇具有较好的非线性光学性能。     

密度泛函理论计算掺杂团簇Be_nLi(n=1~12)的基态结构和稳定性

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,获得了BenLi(n=1~12)掺杂团簇的基态结构.同时计算相应的平均结合能、离解能、能量二阶有限差分和能隙.结合最高分子占据轨道的电子密度分析了掺杂团簇的成键特性,并与单一组元的BeN(N=2~13)团簇进行对比.结果表明n=4和9是团簇的幻数;随着尺寸n的增加,BenLi团簇中Be-Li间的相互作用由类共价键过渡到类离子键.     

AunCu ( n =1-3)二元合金小团簇结构和稳定性的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT) B3LYP 在SDD基组水平上对AunCu(n =1-3)二元合金小团簇各种可能的构型进行几何优化,预测了各团簇的稳定结构. 并对基态结构进行了研究,计算了平均结合能、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级以及两者间的能隙.结果表明掺杂Cu原子后使得AunCu(n =1-3)团簇的化学性质更稳定.     

基于密度泛函理论的PdnZr（n=2-8）团簇的结构和性质研究

利用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP/LanL2DZ方法对PdnZr (n = 2–8)团簇的几何结构、稳定性、电子性质进行了研究。在优化出的结构的基础上,讨论了PdnZr (n = 2–8) 团簇的生长模式,计算了团簇基态的平均结合能,离解能,二阶能量差分以及最高占据轨道与最低空轨道之间的能隙。研究表明,较大尺度的PdnZr (n = 2–8)团簇的基态是通过在Pdn-1Zr的基础上增加一个Pd原子并与其中的Zr原子相连而形成的;在纯钯团簇中掺杂锆原子后可以提高团簇的稳定性,多数情况下可以降低团簇的化学反应活性;PdnZr(n=2-8)基态团簇中的电荷转移总是从Zr原子到其他Pd原子。     

InnAsn (n=1-20)小团簇几何结构与电子性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,采用B3LYP下的赝势基组LanL2DZ,研究了InnAsn (n=1-20)团簇的基态几何结构、相对稳定性、电子性质及其振动光谱. 结果表明,当n=5-11时团簇的基态构型为层状结构; 当n=12-20时团簇的基态构型为笼状结构. 团簇平均结合能、二阶能量差分和HOMO-LUMO能隙均在n=9,12,18出现极大值,说明In9As9、In12As12和In18As18为幻数团簇. 另外,HOMO-LUMO能隙的计算结果表明InnAsn (n=1-20)团簇具有宽带隙半导体特征.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.