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1.
In highly acid alcoholic medium, diphenyl-acrolein develops a red colour with m-diphenols, in the cold. This reaction, which makes it possible to carry out determinations, has a sensitivity of one μg. Under the same conditions, yellow colouring is obtained with methylenes in the α position of a carboxyl or with primary aromatic amino groups. Various condensation products have been isolated.  相似文献   

2.
Application of the semi-empirical AMI method gives significant evidence of the conformation of the isolated 2,2′-biquinoline (2,2′-BQ) in its ground state. The results obtained on the one hand by Fraga's method in which the molecule is simulated by the hydrogen bonding between a water molecule and the 2,2′-BQ, and on the other hand by CNDO calculations using Mataga's model, are in good agreement with the experimental results. They indicate that the spectral changes of 2,2′-BQ in its ground state in protonic media are caused by a trans-cis transformation resulting from a rotation around the single CC bond which links the two quinoline rings of the molecule  相似文献   

3.
Knowles and Sternberg gave the definition of the M integral relative to the dilatational symmetry in the elasticity domain. The path domain independence of this integral correspond to some very restricted applications. We propose to enlarge the field of application in defining for every type of transformation a modified path domain independent M integral. The demonstration that this conservation law is associate to the transformation is considered.  相似文献   

4.
A study of rheological properties in the molten state of two short glass fibre reinforced polyesters (polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate) was carried out, both in steady and dynamic flow. The results lead to information on the flow behaviour of these composite materials. Moreover, this study confirms the presence of fibre tied entanglements and shows the influence of the matrix.  相似文献   

5.
To evaluate the thickness of the layers of a Ti/TiAl3/Al system, experiments based on surface resistance measurements have been performed. The thickness of each layer is deduced from a comparison among calculated and measured values of resistance. We present here a solution for the simulation of surface resistance and the results obtained with this method on Ti/TiAl3/Al systems.  相似文献   

6.
The magnetic properties of titanium phosphates ATiP2O7 (A=Na,K,Rb), A2Ti2(PO4)3 (A=K,Rb), BaTi2(PO4)3 M g3Ti4P6O24 and titanium silicophosphates ATi3P6Si2O25 (A=K,Cs) have been investigated by magnetic susceptibility and electron spin resonance measurements. All the compounds are paramagnetic and the thermal variation of the susceptibility can be described with a Curie-Weiss law χm0+ Cm/T−θp. The values of μeff per Ti+3 and the spectroscopic data obtained from the 77K E.P.R. spectra are discussed as a function of the structural data.  相似文献   

7.
Résumé Les spectres d'absorption infrarouge de l'acétate de méthyle et de l'acétate de méthyle perdeutéré ont été étudiés de 300 à 4000 cm–1. La comparaison des spectres a permis l'attribution certaine des bandes de l'acétate de méthyle, en particulier de la bande observée vers 1245 cm–1 qui correspond à une vibration concernant la liaison C-O.
Summary The infrared absorption spectra of methyl acetate and the perdeuterated methyl acetate have been studied from 300 to 4000 cm–1. The comparison of the spectra has made it possible to attribute certain of the bands of methyl acetate, in particular the band observed around 1245 cm–1, which corresponds to a vibration involving the C-O bond.

Zusammenfassung Die Absorptionsspektren von Methylacetat der Zusammensetzung CH3COOCH3 und CD3COOCD3 im Infrarot wurden zwischen 300 und 4000 cm–1 untersucht. Der Vergleich dieser Spektren führte zur sicheren Zuordnung der Banden des Methylacetats, insbesondere der bei 1245 cm–1 gelegenen Bande, die der C-O-Bindung zugehört.
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8.
9.
This note presents, in the framework of three-dimensional linear elastodynamics in the time domain, a method for evaluating sensitivities of integral functionals to crack shapes, based on the adjoint state approach and resulting in a sensitivity formula expressed in terms of surface integrals (on the external boundary and the crack surface) and contour integrals (involving the direct and adjoint stress intensity factor distributions on the crack front). This method is well-suited to boundary element treatments of e.g. crack reconstruction inverse problems.  相似文献   

10.
A recursive procedure for enumerating separation sequences involving columns with one or two feed streams and several sidestreams is presented in t  相似文献   

11.
Résumé La méthode indiquée parKendall etFriedemann pour le dosage de l'alanine n'est nullement spécifique de cet acide aminé; les modifications queFürth et ses collaborateurs ont apporté à cette méthode dans le but de la rendre spécifique, n'ont atteint ce but que partiellement, et par des moyens compliqués.Le présent travail montre qu'il suffit d'ajouter à la solution des hydroxyacides provenant de la désamination des acides aminés, le dixième de son volume d'une solution d'acétate mercurique à 5% pour empêcher au cours del'oxydation ulterieure par le permanganate, toute production d'acétaldéhyde à partir de la sérine et de l'acide aspartique; dans ces conditions, l'acétaldéhyde formé ne provient plus que de l'alanine. La réaction colorimétrique donnée par l'acétaldéhyde avec le nitroprussiate de soude et la pipérazine, permet d'en faire le dosage spécifique en présence des autres aldéhydes fournis pas les autres acides aminés. Il est ainsi possible de doser l'alanine d'une façon rigoureusement spécifique en présence d'acides aminés quelconques. Cette méthode permet la détermination, à 5% près, de 2 mgr. et plus d'alanine.En modifiant les conditions d'oxydation par le permanganate (augmentation de la concentration en SO4Mn, et de la durée d'oxydation) et en supprimant l'addition d'acétate mercurique, on obtient une production quantitative d'acétaldéhyde à partir de l'ensemble alanine + sérine + acide aspartique; il est ainsi possible de doser la somme de ces trois acides aminés en présence d'acides aminés quelconques, et de déterminer, par conséquent, la teneur d'un mélange d'acides aminés quelconques en alanine d'une part et en l'ensemble sérine + acide aspartique de l'autre. Les chiffres obtenus correspondent à 95 à 97% de la teneur réelle en alanine, et à 93 à 95% de la teneur réelle en sérine + acide aspartique.
Summary The method given byKendall andFriedemann for the determination of alanine is by no means specific for this amino acid.Fürth and his co-workers introduced some modifications in order to make the method specific. The aim, however, was obtained but partially and by complicated means.It is shown in the paper present that it is sufficient to add to the solution of the hydroxy-acids formed by desamination of the amino-acids, one tenth of its volume of a 5% mercuric acetate solution, in order to inhibit the formation of acetaldehyde from serine and aspartic acid during the ultimate oxidation by permanganate. Acetaldehyde formed under those circumstances solely originates from alanine. The colour reaction which acetaldehyde gives with sodium nitroprussiate and piperazine, is specific. Thus, a colorimetric determination of acetaldehyde in presence of other aldehydes originating from the other amino-acids, is made possible. It ensues that a strictly specific determination of alanine in the presence of any other amino acid can be performed. This method allows to determine, at least, 2 mgs. of alanine, the limit of error being about 5%. By altering the conditions of the permanganate oxidation (i. e. by augmenting the concentration of manganous sulphate or by extending the time of oxidation) and by omitting the addition of mercuric acetate, acetaldehyde is formed quantitatively as a product of the sum of alanine + serine + aspartic acid. It is possible, in this way, to determine the sum of these three amino acids in presence of any other amino acids and to calculate therefrom the quantity of both alanine and the sum of serine + aspartic acid, contained in a mixture of whatsoever amino acids. The figures obtained represent 95–97% of the true alanine content, and 93–95% of the true content of serine + aspartic acid.

Zusammenfassung Die vonKendall undFriedemann für die Bestimmung des Alanins angegebene Methode ist für diese Aminosäure keineswegs spezifisch. Die Modifikationen, die vonFürth und seinen Mitarbeitern eingeführt wurden, um die Methode spezifisch zu gestalten, erreichen dieses Ziel nur teilweise und durch komplizierte Mittel.Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, daß es genügt, der Lösung der Oxysäuren, die bei der Desaminierung der Aminosäuren entstehen, ein Zehntel ihres Volumens an 5%iger Quecksilberacetatlösung zuzufügen, um die Entstehung von Acetaldehyd aus dem Serin und der Asparaginsäure bei der schließlichen Oxydation mit Permanganat zu verhindern. Der unter diesen Umständen gebildete Acetaldehyd entsteht lediglich aus dem Alanin. Die Farbreaktion, die der Acetaldehyd mit Nitroprussidnatrium und Piperazin gibt, ist spezifisch und ermöglicht eine kolorimetrische Bestimmung in Gegenwart anderer Aldehyde, die aus den anderen Aminosäuren entstehen. Es ist mithin eine streng spezifische Bestimmung des Alanins in Gegenwart irgendeiner anderen Aminosäure möglich. Diese Methode gestattet die Bestimmung von wenigstens 2 mg Alanin bei einer Fehlergrenze von ungefähr 5%. Wenn man die Bedingungen bei der Permanganatoxydation ändert (durch Erhöhen der Konzentration von MnSO4, bzw. der Oxydationsdauer) und das Zufügen von Quecksilberacetat unterläßt, erfolgt die Bildung des Acetaldehyds quantitativ, und zwar aus der Summe Alanin + Serin + Asparaginsäure; es ist auf diese Weise möglich, die Summe dieser drei Aminosäuren in Gegenwart beliebiger anderer Aminosäuren zu bestimmen und daraus den Gehalt eines Gemisches beliebiger Aminosäuren an Alanin einerseits und an der Summe Serin + Asparaginsäure andererseits zu bestimmen. Die erhaltenen Zahlen entsprechen 95 bis 97% des wahren Alaningehaltes und 93 bis 95% des wahren Gehaltes an Serin + Asparaginsäure.
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12.
Using a hanging dropping mercury electrode (according to Vogel) the autliors find a better sensitivity of measurements in the determination of triphenyl tin acetate as fungicide residues on vegetable inatter.  相似文献   

13.
Two compounds of sulphamide type:p-amino-benzene sulphonamide (I) and 3,4-dimethylisoxazol 5-sulphanylamide (II) were studied by combustion calorimetry and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The enthalpies in solid state at 298,15 K of combustion, c H m o (I)=-2788,5±1,6 kJ mol–1, c H m o (II)=-5036±3,8 kJ mol–1 and of formation, f H m o (I)=-458,3±1,6 kJ mol–1, fH m o (II)=-180,1±3,8 kJ mol–1 were determined.The thermal effects concerning the melting and phase transition of this compounds were also measured.
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14.
15.
16.
The authors have studied the conditions of precipitation of complex silicomolybdic yellow by quinoline from the point of view of the determination of silicon.Under the conditions that produce complete development of the complex, the precipitation is itself quantitative in the presence of an excess of quinoline, the role of which is to make the precipitate insoluble in its formation surroundings. The precipitation of free molybdate is prevented by adding the quantity of acid necessary for complexing it.The precipitate thus obtained filters without difficulty, and only needs to be dried for 1 hour at 150° in order to attain constant weight. It corresponds then exactly to the formula: SiO2.12MoO3.4(C9H7N).2H2O.  相似文献   

17.
The authors present the results of an experimental study on the crystallization of tetrahydrate sodium perborate in a fluidized bed. The influences of supersaturation, seed crystal size, temperature and solution velocity on the overall growth rate were examined. The overall dissolution rate determined under comparable hydrodynamical conditions for various seed crystal sizes and temperatures is also reported.The growth rate is not very sensitive to the variations in crystal size, the temperature and the hydrodynamical conditions, but it depends on the supersaturation and the presence of some soluble impurities.The comparison between growth and dissolution rates shows that under actual working conditions the diffusional mass transfer step is not the limiting step of the growth mechanism.  相似文献   

18.
The force constant matrix F of the pyrrole molecule has been determined on the basis of the experimental frequencies of C4H4NH and C4D4ND by an iterative consistency method. The force field obtained interprets quite well the vibrational spectra of pyrrole and its deuteroderivatives. The band assignments are discussed and compared to other published data.  相似文献   

19.
Résumé La spectrophotométrie de flamme est appliquée à l'analyse des cendres végétales: dosage des cations, Na, Ca, K, Mg. La complexité du milieu exige que l'on tienne compte des interactions des éléments entre eux ainsi que des autres éléments présents. Les solutions d'étalonnage seront constituées par des solutions contenant les cations à des concentrations analogues aux extraits végétaux. Des graphiques d'interférences permettent de corriger ensuite les dosages. Les éléments tels que Mn, Fe, Al sont susceptibles d'interférer sur les déterminations de Na, Ca, K, Mg selon les cas; on pourra être amener à en tenir compte. L'interférence du phosphore sur le calcium en particulier, est étudiée en détail; on est conduit, soit à corriger les dosages de Ca à l'aide de graphiques de correction tenant compte de la teneur des solutions en phosphore, soit à séparer les ions phosphoriques sur échangeurs d'ions; cette technique est décrite; elle donne de bons résultats. Quelques résultats analytiques sur solutions synthétiques et sur solutions végétales sont donnés.
Summary Flame spectrophotometry is applied to the analysis of vegetable ashes: determination of the cations, Na, Ca, K, Mg. The complexity of the milieu requires that account be taken of the interactions of the elements as well as of those of the other elements present. The standard solutions are constructed from solutions containing the cations at concentrations analogous to those of vegetable extracts. The interference graphs make it possible to correct the determinations subsequently. Such elements as Mn, Fe, Al are susceptible to cause interference in the determination of Na, Ca, K, Mg as the case may be; they may be taken into account. The interference of phosphorus on calcium in particular has been studied in detail. The determinations of calcium may be corrected by means of correction curves taking account of the content of phosphorus in the solution, or the phosphoric ions may be removed by means of ion exchangers. This technique is described; it gives good results. Some analytical results on synthetic solutions and on vegetable solutions are included.

Zusammenfassung Die Flammenphotometrie wurde zur analytischen Bestimmung von Na, Ca, K und Mg in Pflanzenaschen angewendet. Die komplexe Natur des Untersuchungsmaterials erfordert die Berücksichtigung der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung der angeführten wie auch des Einflusses anderer anwesender Elemente. Die Vergleichslösungen sollen die Kationen in ähnlicher Konzentration wie die Pflanzenextrakte enthalten. Mit Hilfe von Diagrammen der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung lassen sich dann die Ergebnisse korrigieren. Zu berücksichtigen ist, daß Elemente wie Mn, Fe und Al fallweise die Bestimmung von Na, Ca, K und Mg stören können. Eingehend wurde der Einfluß des Phosphations auf die Bestimmung des Ca untersucht; demnach muß man die Ca-Werte entweder mit Hilfe solcher Diagramme je nach dem Phosphatgehalt der Lösung korrigieren oder das Phosphat mit Ionenaustauschern entfernen. Ein Verfahren hierzu wird beschrieben und gibt gute Resultate. Einige, bei synthetisch hergestellten und aus pflanzlichem Material gewonnenen Lösungen erhaltene Analysenergebnisse werden mitgeteilt.
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20.
《European Polymer Journal》1986,22(7):577-583
Ionization and solubility of silicic acid with variation of pH and concentration of silicic acid are studied by potentiometric measurements. Two characteristic points appear on titration plots: the first point occurs at pH = 3 with formation of the ionized silicic acid; the second at pH = 7 is interpreted as revealing monomeric species. Diverse species of ionized silicic acid are in sols between pH = 3 and 7; the sols contain the smallest species of polymer for pH < 6 and show an optimum of polymerization for pH ≥ 6.  相似文献   

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