溴代4-羟基硝基二苯醚类化合物的合成

设计并合成了8个溴代4-羟基硝基二苯醚,其中6个化合物未见文献报道;所有这些化合物的结构均经1H NMR、HRMS、IR所证实;新化合物的结构避免了现有卤代2-羟基二苯醚杀菌剂在生产和使用过程中有可能产生高毒性二噁英类化合物的缺点。     

1-甲基-4-硝基-5-氯咪唑的合成新工艺研究

1-甲基-4-硝基-5-氯咪唑是合成免疫抑制剂硫唑嘌呤(Azathioprine)的中间体.硫唑嘌呤可抑制人体内淋巴细胞,减少狼疮病人的免疫复合物在肾脏的沉积,抑制局部炎症.同时用于治疗类风湿关节炎、各种血管炎、多发性肌炎皮肌炎及系统性红斑狼疮等.     

2-硝基-1H-咪唑甲酸乙酯衍生物的合成

2-硝基咪唑是一种重要的医药中间体,可用于合成多种抗癌药物,通过对其结构进行修饰,有望开发新型活性药物分子。以2-氨基嘧啶和3-溴丙酮酸乙酯为起始原料,经过缩合环化、肼解、氧化和取代合成了一系列1-烷基-2-硝基-1H-咪唑-5-甲酸乙酯(7a～7d)及其同分异构体1-烷基-2-硝基-1H-咪唑-4-甲酸乙酯(8a～8d),该方法克服了传统合成路线中氮原子上取代基仅为甲基的局限性。研究不同取代基对2种异构体比例的影响,结果表明：随着取代基团的给电子能力增强,更加有利于化合物7的生成。所有合成化合物的结构都经过¹H NMR,¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)确证或表征。     

2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯与硫化钠的反应

硫化钠和二硫化钠分别在95%乙醇中与2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯反应, 原本期望得到2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯苯胺, 然而对产物结构的1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS以及元素分析结果表明, 2,5-二甲氧基-4-氯硝基苯中的硝基没有被硫化钠和二硫化钠还原成氨基, 而是其中的氯原子被硫离子(或二硫离子)取代, 分别生成了4,4’-硫代-2,2’,5,5’-四甲氧基-双硝基苯和4,4’-双硫代-2,2’,5,5’-四甲氧基-双硝基苯. 根据这个实验事实, 讨论了上述亲核取代反应的机理.     

2-对乙酰氨基苯基-4,5-二对硝基苯基咪唑的合成及性能

咪唑化合物;非线性光学活性有机化合物;2-对乙酰氨基苯基-4;5-二对硝基苯基咪唑的合成及性能     

合成5-氯-1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑的工艺改进

以草酸二乙酯为原料,经酰胺化、环合、成盐及硝化反应合成了5-氯-1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑,总收率61.3%,其结构经1H NMR, IR和MS表征.本方法有两点改进: (1)在酰胺化反应中用30%～40%甲胺水溶液代替甲胺气体; (2)在成盐反应中直接向环化产物的丙酮溶液加硝酸析出5-氯-1-甲基咪唑硝酸盐晶体.     

1-[2′,4′-二氟-(1,1′-联苯)-4-基苯基甲基]-咪唑的合成

以2,4-二氟联苯为起始原料,经酰化反应制得2′,4′-二氟-(1,1′-联苯)-4-基苯基甲酮(2);2经NaBH4还原得2′,4′-二氟-(1,1′-联苯)-4-基苯基甲醇(3);3经氯代得2′,4′-二氟-(1,1′-联苯)-4-基苯基氯甲烷(4);4与咪唑发生亲核取代反应合成了1-[2′,4′-二氟-(1,1′-联苯)-4-基苯基甲基]-咪唑(5). 2～5为新化合物,其结构经1H NMR, IR, MS和元素分析确证.     

2,4-二硝基酚与二氟溴甲基膦酸二乙酯反应的研究

酚在碱性条件下与卤代烃反应生成相应的芳香醚,是典型的亲核取代反应,对于2,4-二硝基酚和二氟溴甲基膦酸二乙酯在碱性条件下的反应,其实验过程包括室温中和,甲苯回流脱水和亲核取代等三步反应。对产物进行了提纯和一系列的表征,结果发现主要生成了一种酚醚化合物。     

2-溴-4,4'-二硝基-3'-二甲基锍-2'-联苯酚内盐的合成、结构及性质的研究

在胺存在下,3,7-二硝基二苯并溴五环硫酸氢盐与二甲基亚砜反应生成2-溴-4,4'-二硝基-3'-二甲基锍-2'-联苯酚内盐(3).3的X射线晶体结构分析数据表明其分子具有内盐结构但酚氧负离子的负电荷是部分离域的,分子内两苯环所成的两面角为117.3°.3在熔解时发生重排及热分解分别生成2-溴-2'-甲氧基-3'-甲硫基-4,4'-二硝基联苯(6)及3,7-二硝基-4-甲硫基-二苯并呋喃(7).3与盐酸反应生成相应的锍盐(8).     

4-乙酰基-2-硝基苯甲醛的简便合成

从4-乙酰基-2-硝基甲苯出发, 经溴化、羟化、氧化以88.5%的总收率制备得到4-乙酰基-2-硝基苯甲醛.     

Synthesis of 2-Azido-4-nitroimidazole and Its Derivatives for High-Energy Materials

2-Azido-4-nitroimidazole and its derivatives have been synthesized for energetic material applications. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Most of them were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The calculated densities of the compounds range between 1.71 and 1.92 g,cm-3. The calculated detonation pressures （P） for these derivatives fall in the range of 25.17 to 32.62 GPa and the detonation velocities （D） are distributed from 7.65 to 8.55 km·s-1.     

1—烷基—2—甲基—4—硝基咪唑类化合物的合成及生物活性

利用固－液相转移催化法合成了７种α，ω－双［１－（２－甲基－４－硝基咪唑基）］烷烃和２０种１－烷基－２－甲基－４－硝基咪唑类化合物，大多数化合物收率在８５％以上。初步生物活性试验结果表明，部分化合物具有一定的抗炎、抗菌、镇痛、镇静或抗脑缺氧活性。     

Peculiarities of the Electrochemical Behavior of Electroactive Films Formed during Cathodic Reduction and Thermal Polymerization of 2,5-Dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

The electrochemical reduction of 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDT) is studied with the aid of cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis at a constant potential on a glassy-carbon electrode in a 0.1 M solution of Bu₄NBF₄ in dimethylformamide. Cyclic voltamograms for DBEDT exhibit two irreversible peaks corresponding to successive abstraction of bromine atoms. Electrolysis at potentials more negative than the potential of the first peak and more positive than the potential of the second peak leads to the formation of an electrochemically active film of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT). Cathodic polymerization of dibromothiophene with the formation of an electroactive film is performed for the first time ever without a catalyst. The poor stability of the film is attributed to the presence of exceedingly unstable monobromo-3,4-ethyl-enedioxythiophene in it. PEDT, obtained from DBEDT with the aid of thermal polymerization, forms a stable electrochemically active film when rubbed onto a glassy-carbon electrode.     

新试剂3,5-二溴-4-氨基苯基荧光酮的合成及其应用研究

本文提供了新显色剂3,5-二溴-4-氨基苯基荧光酮的合成方法,较详细的研究了在表面活性剂增溶下,在盐酸介质中,试剂与锆(Ⅳ)的分光光度性质及反应条件,建立了分光光度法测定锆(Ⅳ)的高灵敏高选择性的新方法,并成功地用于铝锆合金中微量锆的测定。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Some N-Aryl-4-nitroimidazoles as Potential Insensitive Energy Materials

N‐Aryl derivatives of 4‐nitroimidazole have been synthesized under CuI/TBAB catalytic system in excellent yields, using KOH as base in DMF solvent.     

Synthesis of 2,5 -Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene and 2,5-Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole

Syntheses of 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3 and 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4 are described. The key step involves Stetter reaction between 4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and divinyl sulfone. Cyclizaton of the resulting 1,4-bis-(4-methyl-2-thienyl)-1,4-butanedione 2 with Lawesson's reagent gives 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3, whereas condensation with ammonium acetate provides the 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4.     

The Reaction of 2,5-Dimethoxy-2,5-Dihydrofuran with Dichloroketene

2,5-Dimethoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran (DDF) reacts with dichloroketene to give 7,9-dimethoxy-3,3,5,5-tetrachloro-8-oxabicyclo[4,3,0]-noan-2,4-dione (I), and methyl chloro-(2,5-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-furanylidene) acetate (II). The reactions of 2,5-dihydrofuran and 2,5-dimethoxy-tetrahydrofuran with dichloroketene were also-studied for comparison. Compound II was derived from the insertion of a molecule of dichloroketene into the C-O bond of DDF with subsequent dehydrochlorination. Compound I resulted from the cycloaddition of two molecules of dichloroketene to the C=C bond of DDF. A mechanism involving a 1,5-dipolar intermediate is proposed to account for this novel reaction.     

A New Synthetic Route for 2,4-Dibromo-5-fluorobenzoic Acid

Fluoroquinolonesareeffectivemedicinesagainstbacteria,evenagainsttumor.Overtenexcellentfluoroquinol0nemedicineshavebeen0nthemarket.Duet0thehigherselectivity,yieldatbrondnationof3-flu0rotoluenethanchlorination,and0theradvantages'-',2,4-dibromo-5-flu0r0benzoicacidhasreplaced2,4-dichloro-5-fluor0-benzoicacidandbecomethekeystartingmaterialofpreparingfluoroquinoIonemedicines'.S0itisofgreatsignificancetofindaneffectivesyntheticpathfor2,4-dibromo-5-fluor0benz0icacid.Therehavebeenproposedtwomethodsf0r…     

Synthesis and Chemistry of 2,5-Dimethylene-2,5-Dihydrofuran

2,5-Dimethylene-2,5-dihydrofuran (3), generated flash pyrolitically, underwent di- and trimerization reactions to give cyclic dimer and trimer. Compound 3 was trapped with methanol, ethanol, bromine, acetic acid, thiophenol and oxygen. Results from trapping experiments suggest that the diradical form of 3 is involved.     

4-氰基吡啶的合成

以4-甲基吡啶为原料,在固定床反应器中通过含氧化钒的催化剂发生气固相接触氨氧化反应制备雷米封中间体4-氰基吡啶,4-甲基吡啶的转化率为99％,4-氰基吡啶的选择性为88％,收率为87．12％。