图的彩虹连通数与最小度和

令G是一个阶为n且最小度为δ的连通图. 当δ很小而n很大时, 现有的依据于最小度参数的彩虹边连通数和彩虹点连通数的上界都很大, 它们是n的线性函数. 本文中, 我们用另一种参数,即k个独立点的最小度和σ_k来代替δ, 从而在很大程度上改进了彩虹边连通数和彩虹点连通数的上界. 本文证明了如果G有k个独立点, 那么rc(GG)≤3kn/(σk+k)+6k-3. 同时也证明了下面的结果, 如果σ_k≤7k或σ_k≥8k, 那么rvc(G)≤(4k+2k²)n/(σ_k+k)+5k; 如果7k<σ_k<8k, 那么rvc(G)≤(38k/9+2k²)n/(σ_k+k)+5k.文中也给出了例子说明我们的界比现有的界更好, 即我们的界为rc(G)≤9k-3和rvc(G)≤9k+2k²或rvc(G)≤83k/9+2k², 这意味着当δ很小而σ_k很大时, 我们的界是一个常数, 而现有的界却是n的线性函数.     

关于Pn3的优美性

设G(V,E)是一个简单图,对自然数k,当V(G^k)=V(G,E(G^k)=E(G)∪{uv|d(u,v)=k},则称图G^k为k-次方图,本文证明了图P_n³的优美性。     

交换p-群的子群格的强Sperner性质

设n和k是任意正整数 ,p是素数 ,L_(kⁿ) (p)是交换p 群 (Z/p^kZ)ⁿ 的子群格 ,则存在正整数N(n ,k) ,使得当p >N(n ,k)时 ,L(_{kⁿ) (p)}具有强Sperner性质 .     

关于矩阵乘积迹不等式的两个问题

本文讨论关于矩阵乘积迹的两个问题,并得到如下结果:(1)设A 以为Hermitian 矩阵,B 为斜Hermitian 矩阵,则不等式tr(AB)~n≥tr(A~nB~n)n=2k+1或n=4k,k=1,2,……,可以不成立。但是如果A,iB 是半正定Hermitian 矩阵且n=4k+2,k=1,2,……,则tr(AB)~n≥tr(A~nB~n)总成立。(2)设A,B 均为斜Hermitian 矩阵,则不等式tr(AB)~n≤tr(A~nB~n)对n=2k+1,k=1,1,……,可以不成立。但是如果iA,iB 是半正定Hermitian 矩阵且n=2k,k=1,2,……,则tr(AB)~n≤tr(A~nB~n)总成立。     

k维Piatetski-Shapiro素数定理 *

研究了k(≥3)维的Piatetski Shapiro素数定理 .令π(x;c₁,… ,c_k)表示不超过x且具有形式 [n^c₁1]=… =[n^c_kk]的素数个数 ( 1 k- (k/( 4k²+2 ) )时 ,π(x;c₁,… ,c_k)具有渐近公式 .     

三角域上Bernstein多项式的Lipschitz常数

设T是平面上以T₁,T₂,T₃为顶点的三角形,f(p)为定义在T上的函数,称Bⁿ(f,P):=(?)f(i/n,j/n,k/n)B_i,j,kⁿ(P),为f的n次Bernstein多项式,这儿B_i,j,kⁿ(P):(n!)/(i!j!k!)uⁱv^jω^k是Bernstein基函数,(u,v,w)是P关于T的重心坐标。 B.M.Brown等人对单变量的Bernstein多项式证明了如果f∈Lip_Aλ,0<λ≤1,则对所有的n,都有B^α(f,x)∈Lip_Aλ。本文的目的是对定义在三角域T:{(x,y):x≥0,y≥0,x+y≤1}上的Bernstein多项式证明了类似的结果: 设f(P)∈Lip_Aλ,0<λ≤1,则对所有的n,Bⁿ(f,P)∈Lip_(2^1/2λA)λ,并且,在一定意义上,常数2^1/2λA是最好的。 上述结果对于任意的锐角或直角三角形T,也是成立的。 最后还指出,当T可为钝角三角形时,则不存在同一常数C,使对所有的n和任意三角形T,有Bⁿ(f,P)∈Lip_cλ。     

κ次幂非正的符号模式矩阵

本文首先对使得A^k≤0的符号模式矩阵A进行了刻画(k为任意正整数),进而决定了这类矩阵中负元个数的最大值.最后给出了使得A²≤0的符号模式矩阵A的充分必要条件.     

Wilson一般化定理的精确刻画 *

给定任意正整数集合K及正整数λ ,令c(K ,λ)表示最小的正整数 ,使得v∈B(K ,λ)对任意整数v≥c(K ,λ)成立 ,且满足同余关系式λv(v -1)≡ 0 (modβ(K) )和λ(v-1)≡ 0 (modα(K) ) .设K₀ 是K的等价集 ,k和k* 分别是K₀ 中最小和最大的整数 .证明了c(K ,λ)≤expexp{Q₀},这里 ,Q0 =max { 2 ( 2p(K₀) ² -k+k² log₄ k)p(K₀) ⁴,(k^k2 42^y-k-2)(^y₂) } ,p(K₀ ) =∏l∈K₀l,y =k *+k(k- 1 ) + 1 .     

关于齐次加型同余式

本文研究了形如α₁λ₁^k+…+α_sλ_s^k=0的加型方程,此处诸α₁是一个次数为n的代数域K中的整数,主要结果为:若s≥(2k)ⁿ⁺¹(或当2 k时,s≥cknlog k),方程在任何-adic域中均可以非寻常求解,此处 为K中素理想。     

一个求极值问题(Ⅰ)

对于给定的正整数n,N(N>n>1)与实数δ(0≤δ≤1/2),要求在k₁+k₂+…+k_n=N,k_i≥1(i=1,2,…,n)都是整数 (1)的条件下,求出一组使文中定义的目标函数L_{k¹k²…kⁿ}(δ)取最大值的整数组(k₁k₂…k_n),这整数组称为方程(1)的最优解。在本文中,将要证明:对于任何N>n>1与0≤δ≤1/2,一定能从适合(ⅰ)k₁为偶数;(ⅱ)|k_i-k_j|≤2(1≤i,j≤n);(ⅲ)在k₂,…,k_n中出现的偶数k都有相同的数值等条件的那些(k₁k₂…k_n)中找到方程(1)的一组最优解。特别对于δ=0与δ=1/2这两个重要的情形,给出了当N=n(e-1),而e≥4为一偶数时方程(1)的一组最优解。文中还证明了:对于δ=0与δ=1/2,以及N=nk(k≥2),从极限的观点看,(k,k,…,k)都是方程(1)的一个“相当不好”的解。     

有资格限制的指派问题的求解方法

在实际的指派工作中，常会遇到某个人有没有资格去承担某项工作的问题，因此，本建立了有资格限制的指派问题的数学模型。在此数学模型中，将效益矩阵转化为判定矩阵，由此给出了判定此种指派问题是否有解的方法；在有解的情况下，进一步将效益矩阵转化为求解矩阵，从而将有资格限制的指派问题化为传统的指派问题来求解。最后给出了一个数值例子来说明这样的处理方法是有效的。     

白骨化尸体死亡时间的推断

本文分析了15具白骨化尸体标本的股骨汞(Hg),铅(Pb),镉(Cd)元素含量数据,在三年的时间内采集了3次,一共收集到45个数据。首先将这组数据看着纵向数据,利用线性随机效应混合模型、Cox随机混合效应模型进行分析,结果显示,如果对每个白骨化尸体标本建立线性模型,可以精确预测出死亡时间,而且不需要采集铅元素含量数据。混合效应模型的预测效果也很好,最大误差不会超过1个月。其次我们对数据不作任何假设,利用机器学习中随机森林方法分析数据,并利用5折交叉验证方法来判断结果的可靠性,训练集和测试集的NMSE分别为0.1205944,0.5604286,因此可以用训练出的模型来预测死亡时间。     

Convergence of densities of some functionals of Gaussian processes

The aim of this paper is to establish the uniform convergence of the densities of a sequence of random variables, which are functionals of an underlying Gaussian process, to a normal density. Precise estimates for the uniform distance are derived by using the techniques of Malliavin calculus, combined with Stein?s method for normal approximation. We need to assume some non-degeneracy conditions. First, the study is focused on random variables in a fixed Wiener chaos, and later, the results are extended to the uniform convergence of the derivatives of the densities and to the case of random vectors in some fixed chaos, which are uniformly non-degenerate in the sense of Malliavin calculus. Explicit upper bounds for the uniform norm are obtained for random variables in the second Wiener chaos, and an application to the convergence of densities of the least square estimator for the drift parameter in Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes is discussed.     

Modelling and analysis of dynamics of viral infection of cells and of interferon resistance

Interferons are active biomolecules, which help fight viral infections by spreading from infected to uninfected cells and activate effector molecules, which confer resistance from the virus on cells. We propose a new model of dynamics of viral infection, including endocytosis, cell death, production of interferon and development of resistance. The novel element is a specific biologically justified mechanism of interferon action, which results in dynamics different from other infection models. The model reflects conditions prevailing in liquid cultures (ideal mixing), and the absence of cells or virus influx from outside. The basic model is a nonlinear system of five ordinary differential equations. For this variant, it is possible to characterise global behaviour, using a conservation law. Analytic results are supplemented by computational studies. The second variant of the model includes age-of-infection structure of infected cells, which is described by a transport-type partial differential equation for infected cells. The conclusions are: (i) If virus mortality is included, the virus becomes eventually extinct and subpopulations of uninfected and resistant cells are established. (ii) If virus mortality is not included, the dynamics may lead to extinction of uninfected cells. (iii) Switching off the interferon defense results in a decrease of the sum total of uninfected and resistant cells. (iv) Infection-age structure of infected cells may result in stabilisation or destabilisation of the system, depending on detailed assumptions. Our work seems to constitute the first comprehensive mathematical analysis of the cell-virus-interferon system based on biologically plausible hypotheses.     

On Sums of Coefficients of Products of Polynomials

We study the nilpotency of the sums of all coefficients of some sorts of products of polynomials over reversible, IFP, and NI rings, and introduce an SCN ring as a generalization. We characterize SCN rings in relation with related ring properties, and also provide several useful properties and ring extensions of SCN rings.     

碾压混凝土坝施工层面变形分析模型

针对碾压混凝土坝施工层面对大坝变形产生显著影响的问题,深入研究了施工层面的变化性质及规律,提出了层面不同阶段变形的模拟方法,建立了施工层面有厚度和无厚度分析模型,提出的模型能反映层面的弹性变形、衰减蠕变、不可逆变形以及加速蠕变等变形状态．实例分析表明:所提出的碾压混凝土坝施工层面有厚度和无厚度分析模型能较客观地模拟大坝的结构变化形态,尤其是施工层面有厚度分析模型较完整地模拟了层面的渐变规律,其计算结果与原位监测成果吻合较好．同时,提出的方法和建立的分析模型可推广应用于常规混凝土坝,特别是坝基内断层和夹层等变形规律的分析．     

一类柔性臂机器人的稳定性

本文研究了一类柔性臂机器人的控制问题,且柔性臂的弯曲振动与扭转振动的耦合作用表现在边界方程中。本文运用算子谱理论、算子半群理论等,得到系统的主算子生成的C0-半群的具体表示式,并证明了半群的解析性、非紧性及非一致指数稳定性。     

一类二分图的k-匹配数

设G是一个具有二分类(X_1,X_2)的简单偶图,|X_1|=|X_2|=n,如果对于给定的c>0,|M(S)|≥(1+c)|S|对任意满足|S|≤n/2的S(?)X_i(i=1,2)都成立,其中N(S)是S的邻集,则称G是(n,c)-扩张图.给出了(n,c)-扩张图的k-匹配数与完美匹配数之比的顺从界.     

Boundedness of outputs of a class of lasers

In this note, a large class of lasers, represented by planar nonlinear ordinary differential equations known as the rate equations, is considered. It is shown that the outputs of the lasers are bounded when bounded inputs (currents) are applied to them.     

Analytic description of statistics of spectra of quantum graphs

We discuss how to obtain exact and approximate distributions for various statistical characteristics of the spectra of quantum graphs using previously found exact solutions of the spectral problem. We indicate the relation between the appearing spectral decompositions and the theory of weakly dependent random variables and indicate the relation between the known limit theorems for trigonometric sums and the universal statistical properties of the spectra of quantum chaotic systems. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 156, No. 1, pp. 38–66, July, 2008.