在线柱浓缩-超高效液相色谱法测定水体中的痕量甲萘威和呋喃丹

采用在线柱浓缩-超高效液相色谱联用技术测定水体中痕量甲萘威和呋喃丹。水样过滤后直接进样,采用固相萃取小柱富集待测物,梯度洗脱后,利用阀切换技术将待测物反冲至分析柱Acclaim RSLC C18(100 mm×2.1 mm, 2.2 μm)上进行色谱分离,以10 mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲溶液(pH 5.0,用醋酸调节)和乙腈分别为流动相A和B,梯度洗脱,泵流速为0.8 mL/min,检测波长为280 nm,二极管阵列检测器检测。甲萘威和呋喃丹在1.0～100 μg/L范围内线性良好(相关系数r2 ＞ 0.9999),检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.5和0.25 μg/L,加标回收率为76.0%～120.0%。用所建立的方法测定了水中痕量的甲萘威与呋喃丹的含量,结果令人满意。     

在线固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定地表水中超痕量阿特拉津

建立了在线固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（on line SPE-UPLC-MS/MS）测定地表水中超痕量阿特拉津的方法。样品经滤膜过滤,HLB Direct Connect HP在线固相萃取小柱富集纯化,甲醇溶液洗脱,以Acquity BEH 130为分析柱,串联质谱进行检测,外标法定量。阿特拉津在1.0~5000 ng/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r）为0.9989;该方法检出限为0.2 ng/L,阿特拉津的回收率为83.0%~105.1%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~5.3%（n=7）,满足超痕量分析测试的要求。该法灵敏度高,分析速度快,对于保障水环境安全、及时提供污染信息、有效应对环境应急突发事件具有十分重要的意义。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱/串联质谱同时检测饮料中13种禁限用食品添加剂

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱/电喷雾电离串联质谱(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定饮料中13种禁限用食品添加剂(甜味剂、防腐剂和色素类物质)的分析方法。样品经过OASIS HLB固相萃取小柱萃取净化后,以0.2mL/min的流速,在WatersBEH C18(50×2.1mm,1.7μm)色谱柱上进行快速分离,流动相为10mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%乙酸)和甲醇。根据检测物质的性质,利用不同电离模式(ESI-和ESI+),采用多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定,在2～500μg/L的范围内,各物质线性相关系数均大于0.990,13种检测物质的检出限为0.20～6.79μg/L;利用Waters HLB固相萃取小柱对目标物质进行萃取,对固相萃取条件进行优化后,10、50、100μg/L三个添加水平下平均回收率为85.6%～110.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%(n=5)。所建立的方法简便,灵敏度高,可以满足对饮料中多种不同食品添加剂的同时测定。     

SPE-UPLC-MS/MS测定环境水体中呋喃丹、莠去津、甲萘威及6种邻苯二甲酸酯类

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定环境水体中呋喃丹、莠去津、甲萘威和6种邻苯二甲酸酯的分析方法。采用Pak C18固相萃取小柱对样品进行富集和净化,甲醇-水为流动相梯度洗脱,以BEH C18柱分离,在串联质谱的多反应监测模式(MRM)下检测,外标法定量。结果表明,在优化实验条件下,9种目标化合物在0.5~20.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.998,方法检出限(LOD)和方法定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.05~0.12μg/L和0.2~0.3μg/L,回收率为86.0%~96.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。方法快速准确、回收率高,适用于环境水体中呋喃丹、莠去津、甲萘威及6种邻苯二甲酸酯的测定。     

在线净化/固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定饮用水和环境水体中的百草枯和敌草快

建立了在线净化/固相萃取(SPE)-高效液相色谱(HPLC)快速、准确测定饮用水和环境水体中的两种痕量除草剂百草枯和敌草快的方法。样品用大体积自动进样器注入在线净化小柱并流经固相萃取小柱,通过双梯度高效液相色谱系统中的上样泵实现净化和富集后,通过阀切换将固相萃取小柱切换至分析流路中;用分析泵将待测物从富集柱冲洗至分析柱进行测定。上样泵流速和分析泵流速分别为0.7和0.6 mL/min,采用等度洗脱方式完成两种除草剂的分离和检测。检测波长分别为260 nm (百草枯)和311 nm (敌草快),进样体积为2.5 mL,整个分析时间为16 min。该方法在1.0～20 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,两种除草剂的线性相关系数均大于0.9980,检出限分别为0.10和0.12 μg/L(S/N=3)。该方法前处理简单,快速,可用于饮用水和环境水体中痕量除草剂的测定。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中阿特拉津

应用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中阿特拉津的含量。土壤样品采用索氏提取,硅胶固相萃取小柱净化。在气相色谱分离中用TR-5MS色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用选择离子检测模式。阿特拉津的质量浓度在5.00~200μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限为0.32ng·g-1。加标回收率在88.2%~90.7%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)为4.8%。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法同时测定牛奶中阿特拉津及其两类代谢物的残留

建立了高效液相色谱质谱联用检测牛奶中阿特拉津及其两类代谢物残留的同步分析方法。样品中加入1%HCl和0.265 mol/L Na2S2O3后,由冰乙腈提取,混合型阳离子交换柱固相萃取净化,采用液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定,外标法定量。阿特拉津及其代谢物在0.4～100μg/L范围内线性良好,标准曲线相关系数R2>0.99。在1～25μg/L浓度范围内,除脱异丙基羟基阿特拉津的平均加标回收率较低约为64.2%外,其它目标物的回收率在75.0%～119.0%之间,相对标准偏差为1.5%～14.5%;脱乙基阿特拉津、羟基阿特拉津、脱乙基羟基阿特拉津的检出限为0.1μg/L;其余目标物的检出限为0.5μg/L。本方法的灵敏度较高,且简便、快速,可以较好地解决目标物极性差别大及样品基质对检测结果的干扰等问题,可以满足牛奶中阿特拉津及其两类代谢物残留检测的需要。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定人血清中左甲状腺素钠

研究了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定人血清中左甲状腺素钠的方法。血清样品经MCX固相萃取小柱提取后进样测定;色谱条件为:色谱柱ODS柱(150 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,4.6μm),流动相为甲醇:H3PO4溶液(60:40,V:V,pH 3.00);流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长225 nm,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。在0.005~10.0μg/mL浓度范围内,关系线性关系良好;检出限为0.002μg/mL;RSD<6.4%,回收率在96.6%~104.4%之间。方法适用于左甲状腺素钠的人体药代动力学及生物利用度研究。     

饮用水中9种卤乙酸的超高效液相色谱法测定

建立了固相萃取/超高效液相色谱(SPE/UPLC)测定饮用水中9种痕量卤乙酸(HAAs)的分析方法.对固相萃取和液相色谱等分析条件进行了优化,选择Lichrolut EN固相萃取小柱富集饮用水中的HAAs,三乙胺-磷酸缓冲液和甲醇作为UPLC的流动相.在优化的分析条件下,9种卤乙酸在6min内实现基线分离,所有目标物在一定质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.995 7～0.9999;一氯乙酸(MCAA)的检出限为10.85μg/L,其它8种化合物的检出限为0.25～0.70μg/L;除MCAA外,其它目标物在低、中、高3种加标水平的回收率为60%～106%.方法的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为2.0%～5.7%.将此方法应用于我国北方某城市自来水中卤乙酸的测定,5种HAAs被检出.方法灵敏度高、简便快捷,可用于生活饮用水中痕量卤乙酸的测定.     

环境水体中三嗪和酰胺类除草剂的固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱测定

研究了固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定水样中的12种三嗪类和酰胺类除草剂的方法.比较了两种不同的固相萃取柱MCX和C8对12种除草剂的吸附能力.用C18固相萃取柱萃取分析1 L水样,分别研究了上样速度、pH值、有机改性剂、不同的洗脱溶剂和用量及穿透体积对回收率的影响.用内标法定量,加标质量浓度分别为0.05、0.1、1.0μg/L时,除两种代谢物(去乙基阿特拉津和去异丙基阿特拉津)的回收率相对较低外,其它除草剂的回收率在82%～95%之间,方法检出限为0.010-0.035μg/L,用该方法可实现对环境水体中痕量三嗪和酰胺类除草剂的检测.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.