近三角剖分图的均衡二重少圈覆盖

近三角剖分图是一连通平面图，其内面均为三角形而其外面可能不是．令Ｇ为一具有ｎ个节点的近三角剖分图，Ｃ为 Ｇ的一个小圈二重覆盖（ＳＣＤＣ）^［２］．令(?)则Ｃ₀。称为Ｇ的均衡小圈二重覆盖．本文将证明：若Ｇ为外平面图，则 δ（Ｃ₀）≤ ２；否则δ（Ｃ₀）≤４。     

等比数列的一个性质

设｛ａｎ｝是以ｑ为公比的等比数列,其前ｎ项和为Ｓｎ,若１≤ｍ＜ｎ,则易知　Ｓｎ＝Ｓｍ＋ｑｍＳｎ－ｍ．（１）特别地,当ｍ＝１而ｎ＞１时,有　　　　　Ｓｎ＝ａ１＋ｑＳｎ－１．（２）这是等比数列的一个简单性质,容易推出其逆命题也成立．下面举两例说明（１）和（２）的应用．例１　设｛ａｎ｝为等比数列,公比为ｑ,前ｎ项和为Ｓｎ．（Ⅰ）若对任何ｉ＝１,２,…,ｍ,有｜Ｓｉ｜≤Ｍ（常数）,则对任何ｉ＝１,２,…,２ｍ,有｜Ｓｉ｜≤（１＋｜ｑ｜ｍ）Ｍ．（Ⅱ）若对任何ｉ＝１,２,…,ｍ,有｜Ｓｉ｜≤Ｍ且｜ｑ｜＜１,…     

关于{P2, Ci| i≥3}-覆盖图

设 Ｇ是一个图,若对于 Ｇ的任意一边 Ｇ都有｛Ｐ_２,Ｃｉ｜ｉ－＞３｝－因子含有这条边,则称Ｇ是｛Ｐ_２,Ｃｉ｜ｉ－＞３｝－覆盖图．本文给出连通非二分图Ｇ是｛Ｐ２,Ｃｉ｜ｉ－＞３｝－覆盖图的充要条件为任给Ｓ■Ｖ（Ｇ）,Ｖ（Ｇ）≠Ｓ≠■有ｉ（Ｇ－Ｓ）＿＞｜Ｓ｜－１成立．     

子集的交叉t－相交定理

设Ｘ为一个ｎ元集合，Ｃｎｋ为Ｘ的所有ｋ元子集全体，若Ａ∈Ａ，Ｂ∈Ｂ有｜Ａ∩Ｂ｜≥ｔ，则称（Ａ，Ｂ）为一个交叉ｔ－相交子集族．本文得到最大交叉ｔ－相交子集族和最大非空交叉２－相交子集族．证明如下两个结论．（１）若（Ａ，Ｂ）为一个交叉ｔ－相交子集族，且ａ≤ｂ及ａ＋ｂ≤ｎ＋ｔ－１，则｜Ａ＋Ｂ｜≤ｍａｘ｛（ｂｎ），（ａｎ）｝，且当（Ａ；Ｂ）＝（φ，Ｃｎｂ）或（Ｃｎａ，φ）时达到上界．（２）若（Ａ，Ｂ）为一个交叉２－相交子集族，且ａ＜ｂ，ａ＋ｂ≤ｎ－１及（ｎ，ａ，ｂ）≠（２ｉ，ｉ－１，ｉ）（ｉ为任意正整数），又Ａ，Ｂ均非空，则｜Ａ＋Ｂ｜≤１＋（ｂｎ）－（ｂ（ｎ－ａ））－ａ（（ｂ－１）（ｎ－ａ））且当（Ａ，Ｂ）＝（｛Ａ｝，Ｃｎｂ－｛Ｂ｜｜Ｂ｜＝ｂ，｜Ａ∩Ｂ｜≤１｝）时达到上界．     

Dirac定理的局部化与Hamilton图

设Ｇ为一个ｎ阶２－连通图，ｎ≥３．若｜Ｄ_ｎ／２（Ｋ_１，３）｜≥２且满足下述条件之一：ｉ）｜Ｄ_ｎ／２（Ｋ_１，３＋ｅ）｜≥２，ii）若Ｋ_１，３＋ｅ→Ｇ，ｘｙ(?)Ｅ（Ｋ_１，３＋ｅ），则ｍａｘ｛ｄＧ（ｘ），ｄＧ（ｙ）｝≥ｎ／２，则Ｇ是一个Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎｉａｎ图或其闭包为ｓＰ|⊕Ｈ，这里ｓＰ⊕Ｈ是一类极小２－边连通图．     

关于一类S~（1，1）_3（△~（2）_（mn））插值与逼近

设△￣（２）＿（ｍｘ）是矩形域Ｄ＝［ａ，ｂ］［ｃ，ｄ］的Ⅱ－型三角剖分．Ｓ￣（１，１）＿３（△￣（２）＿（ｍｘ）是带边界条件的三元三次样条空间：本文我们将讨论一类Ｓ￣（１，１）＿３（△￣（２）＿（ｍｘ））的插值问题，证明了它的存在性，唯一性及逼近阶：如果ｆ∈Ｃ￣４（Ｄ），则有｜ｆ－ｓ｜≤ｋ（ｌ）．ｍａｘ（ρ△，ρ￣（－１）＿△）．‖ｆ‖．．ｈ￣２．     

高维空间中半线性波动方程的Sobolev指数

ＧｕｓｔａｖｏＰｏｎｃｅ与ＴｈｏｍａｓＣ．Ｓｉｄｅｒｉｓ［４］猜测对一些具有特殊非线性项的半线性波动方程，如ｕｔ－△ｕ＝ｕｋ（Ｄｕ）α（ｘ∈Ｒｎ，ｋ∈Ｚ＋，ｌ＝｜α｜２），其中Ｓｏｂｏｌｅｖ指数会在ｎ２与（ｎ２＋１）之间．文［４］中，在ｘ∈Ｒ３时，回答了这一问题．本文在ｎ３维空间中，得到了半线性波动方程ｕｔ－△ｕ＝ｕｋ（Ｄｕ）α（ｘ∈Ｒｎ，ｋ∈Ｚ＋，ｌ＝｜α｜２）的Ｓｏｂｏｌｅｖ指数为ｍａｘ｛ｎ２＋１２，（ｎ２－１）·ｌ－３ｌ－１＋２｝，此数确实在区间［ｎ２＋１２，ｎ２＋１］中．     

有限交换环上线性群的Carter子群

令Ｒ为有限交换局部环，Ｋ为其剩余类域．本文研究了Ｒ上一般线性群ＧＬｎＲ的Ｃａｒｔｅｒ子群的存在性及结构．得到的结果是：若ｃｈａｒＫ为奇数或Ｋ＝Ｆ２，ＧＬｎＲ中存在唯一的Ｃａｒｔｅｒ子群的共轭类，即Ｓｙｌｏｗ－２子群的正规化子；若ｃｈａｒＫ＝２且｜Ｋ｜＞２，ＧＬｎＲ中不含Ｃａｒｔｅｒ子群．     

有限Abel群的一个特征

本文证明了有限群Ｇ是Ａｂｅｌ群当且仅当Ｇ_ｒ满足下列条件：（Ⅰ） Ｇ有一个幂自同构 ａ使得 ＣＧ（ａ）是一个初等 ＡｂｅｌＺ一群．（Ⅱ）Ｇ没有子群与２－群＜ａ,ｂ｜ａ~２~ｎ＝ｂ~２~ｍ＝１,ａ~ｂ＝ａ~（１＋２）~（ｎ－１）＞同构,其中ｎ≥３,ｎ≥ｍ．利用该结果,作者还证明若有限群Ｇ有一个幂自同构ａ使得Ｃ_Ｇ（ａ）是一个初等Ａｂｅｌ２－群,则Ｇ是幂零群     

Hamiltonian图的泛圈性的一个充分条件

设Ｇ是一个ｎ阶图,若对于每一个ｋ（３≤ｋ≤ｎ）,Ｇ都含有长度为ｋ的圈,则称Ｇ为泛圈图． 在［１］中, Ｒ．Ｊ, Ｆａｕｄｒｅｅ等证明了如下结果： 定理Ａ设Ｇ是一个ｎ－阶２－连通图,δ（Ｇ）≥ｔ．若对于Ｇ中任意两个不相邻的点ｕ和ｖ,均有 ｜Ｎ（ｕ） ∪ Ｎ（ｖ）｜≥ｎ－ｔ,则 Ｇ是 Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎｉａｎ图． 根据 Ｂｏｎｄｙ在［４］中的想法：几乎任何一个 Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎｉａｎ图的非平凡的充分条件都可能蕴含着图的泛圈性质,自然有如下猜测：设图Ｇ满足定理Ａ的条件,则Ｇ是泛圈圈或者 ｎ＝２ｔ; Ｇ≌Ｋ_（ｔ,ｔ）…     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].