用初等行变换解一类线性规划问题

本文对用矩阵的初等行变换，求线性规划的初始可行基问题，作了初步探讨。最后用两个例子验证了所提方法是简便易行的。标准型的线性规划问题（以下简称问题）的一般解法是单纯形法，当问题无初始可行基时，由于换基迭代，需要先求一个初始可行基本文直接用矩阵的初等行变换（简称“行变换法”）求解，简便易行。     

一个线性组合定理的证明

利用初等行变换与初等矩阵的关系,可证明线性组合定理：初等行变换不改变矩阵中列向量的线性关系.     

对矩阵初等行变换的算法改进

对矩阵初等行变换的算法改进夏日，张裕生（蚌埠职工大学）（蚌埠高等专科学校）在线性数与线性规划课程的内容中，初等行变换这个运算工具占有举足轻重的地位，不管是线性代数中求逆矩阵、求矩阵的秩、解线性方程组，还是线性规划中换基迭代等运算都离不开初等行变换。初...     

用初等行变换解一类线性规划问题

本文对用矩阵的初等行变换求线性规划的无初始可行基问题进行了探讨,并用实例验证了所述方法是简便易行的。     

矩阵初等变换的独立性——谈对《行初等变换对矩阵的行向量的线性关系的影响》一文的意见

在[1]文中,关于用矩阵初等行变换求已知向量组的极大线性无关组的方法有不妥之处。数域P上矩阵的初等变换(以初等行变换为例)有以下三种: 1)以P中一个非零的数乘矩阵的一行; 2)把矩阵的某一行的C倍加到另一行;     

“仿‘初等变换求A~(-1)’法”的应用

<正> 众所周知,求n阶可逆方阵A的逆,除了用伴随矩阵法外,一般都用初等行变换     

用初等行变换求线性矩阵方程的通解

本文通过建立通解矩阵的概念 ,给出了用初等行变换求线性矩阵方程 Am× n Xn× s=Bm× s的通解的方法 .     

用矩阵的初等变换解矩阵方程A_(m×n)X_(n×s)=B_(m×s)

本文通过对一般的矩阵方程Ａｍ×ｎＸｎ×ｓ＝Ｂｍ×ｓ的矩阵Ａ和Ｂ作初等行变换及初等列变换，给出了一般矩阵方程的求解方法．     

用矩阵的初等变换解矩阵方程Am&#215;nXn&#215;s=Bm&#215;s

本文通过对一般的矩阵方程Am&#215;nXn&#215;s=Bm&#215;s?B5木卣驛和B作初等行变换及初等列变换，给出了一般矩阵方程的求解方法。     

用初等行变换求线性矩阵方程的通解

本文通过建立通解矩阵的概念,给出了用初等行变换求线性矩阵方程Ａｍ&;#215;ｎＸｎ&;#215;ｓ＝Ｂｍ&;#215;ｓ的通解的方法。     

Riemannian Submersions with Discrete Spectrum

We prove some estimates on the spectrum of the Laplacian of the total space of a Riemannian submersion in terms of the spectrum of the Laplacian of the base and the geometry of the fibers. When the fibers of the submersions are compact and minimal, we prove that the spectrum of the Laplacian of the total space is discrete if and only if the spectrum of the Laplacian of the base is discrete. When the fibers are not minimal, we prove a discreteness criterion for the total space in terms of the relative growth of the mean curvature of the fibers and the mean curvature of the geodesic spheres in the base. We discuss in particular the case of warped products.     

Nonlinear Electromagnetic Delay of Electromagnetic Signals Propagating in the Magnetic Meridian Plane of Pulsars and Magnetars

We analyze the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the magnetic meridian planes of neutron stars with a strong magnetic field in the framework of the parameterized post-Maxwellian electrodynamics of the vacuum. The origin of these electromagnetic waves is the curvature emission of X-rays and gamma rays from high-energy electrons in the vicinity of the magnetic poles of neutron stars. We show that in the case of a slowly varying intensity of X-ray and gamma-ray emission, the delay of the slow normal mode of electromagnetic waves relative to the fast mode results in a shift of the time dependence of the intensity of the detected radiation with one polarization relative to that of the radiation with the orthogonal polarization. In the case of single X-ray or gamma-ray pulses, the delay effect results in the polarization of the detected pulse varying during the pulse length, the leading edge of all pulses being polarized normally to the magnetic equator plane of the neutron star. We note that the modern level of the experimental technique, in principle, allows observing the manifestations of the delay effect for signals of different polarizations.     

Seepage of a gas condensate mixture when using the geoloosening method

The problem of the seepage of a two-phase multicomponent hydrocarbon mixture for evaluating the efficiency of the use of the geoloosening method in gas condensate deposits is considered. The geoloosening method is a technology for increasing the productivity of wells, developed at the Institute of Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and it ensures an increase in the permeability of the critical zone of a well because of directed relief of the stratum. The initiation of the geoloosening process requires the creation of deep depressions at the well bottom and, as a result, there is an accumulation of retrograde condensate in the neighbourhood of the well, which leads to a decrease in the phase permeability with respect to the gas. It is necessary to take account of the existence of these two processes, which are mutually counter directed from the point of view of the change in permeability, when this method is used for gas condensate deposits. Due to the change in the chemical composition of the mixture in the condensation process and the action of capillary forces, the gas content at each point and each instant is not the equilibrium content and, consequently, cannot be directly determined from the phase diagram of the substance. A differential scheme is used to describe the seepage of the mixture, according to which, unlike an integral scheme, the relation for the transition into the liquid phase is specified for increments and not for the pressure and volume values themselves. Numerical calculations of the steady seepage of a hydrocarbon mixture are carried out for the necessary depression levels for the conditions in the Astrakhan gas condensate deposit and the effectiveness of the use of the geoloosening method there is demonstrated.     

Prediction of the deformation properties of a polymeric composite with a granular-fibrous filler

Conclusion A variant of calculation of the characteristics of the deformation properties of a hybrid composite containing a complex disperse filler in the form of granular particles and short fibers was proposed. The effect of aggregation of the granular filler, the statistical distributions of the fibers by lengths and orientation in the material, and the anisotropy of the fibers are taken into consideration in the calculation. The statistical distribution of the orientation of the fibers is given by a function proportional to the distance from the center to the surface of a triaxial ellipsoid in the corresponding direction. The uniform random distribution of the fibers in bulk and in the plane is a special case of this distribution. The results of the analysis of the effect of the parameters of the statistical distributions of the length and orientation of short fibers on the elasticity characteristics of a composite are reported. The dependence of the creep of the composite on the ratio of the concentration of the components of the complex filler was determined, and the efficiency of partial replacement of a granular filler by a short-fiber filler to inhibit creep of the composite was demonstrated. The possibilities of predicting the long-term creep were experimentally confirmed on the example of LDPE filled with ground limestone and short glass fibers.Presented at the Sixth All-Union Conference on the Mechanics of Polymer and Composite Materials (Riga, November, 1986).Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, No. 5, pp. 898–909, September–October, 1987.     

The topology of the zero-level lines of the components of the acceleration vector in subsonic flows

The steady subsonic flow past bodies of finite dimensions, when the stream is unbounded and uniform at infinity is considered. The structure formed by the stationary points (points where both components of the acceleration vector vanishes), by the zero-level of the components of the acceleration vector emerging from them and the body past which the flow occurs is studied. It is shown that each of the above-mentioned lines must reach the surface of the body past which the flow takes place. This fact, in particular, enables one to estimate the overall number of streamlines with zero curvature emerging from the stationary points in terms of the number of zeros of the curvature of the streamlines on the body around which the flow takes place, including the branch points of a dividing streamline. With a view to refining the above mentioned number of zeros, the known solution for the neighbourhoods of the branch points of a streamline is considered and the singularity of the flow in the neighbourhoods of points of discontinuity of the curvature of the wall around which the flow occurs is investigated. In order to illustrate the above, certain properties of the flow past convex bodies are refined and a fairly broad class of so-called convex-concave bodies with zero angle of tapering of the trailing edge is constructed and considered. It is shown that, for this body, there are not more than four zeros of the curvature of the streamline and, as a consequence, there are no branch points of the isobars and isoclines in the flow field, including at infinity, an infinitely distant point is the sole stationary point and, most important of all, in the case of the flow past the given bodies the values of the circulation and the lifting force cannot vanish. The mathematical apparatus employed is based on the equations of gas dynamics constructed earlier for certain combinations of the components of the acceleration vector.     

An investigation on the influence of slot injection/suction on the spreading of a thin film under gravity on a rotating disk

We investigate the influence of slot injection/suction on the axisymmetric spreading of a thin film under the influence of gravity and rotation. The effects of surface tension are ignored. We allow a very thin film to precede the bulk of the fluid to overcome the singularity which arises as a consequence of applying the no-slip boundary condition. We show how the width of the slot and magnitude of the injection/suction influences the height of ridges and depth of cavities on the profile of the free surface of the thin film. Rotation increases the depth of the cavities and the height of the ridges as compared to the effects of gravity alone. The presence of rotation also results in the formation of a breaking wave.     

The thermodynamically consistent equations of a thermoelastic saturated porous medium

A phenomenological model of a porous medium saturated with fluid is considered with in the framework of the hypothesis of interpenetrating continua. Assuming that there are no phase transitions, that the contribution of pulsations to the stress tensor and kinetic energy is small, and the components of the medium are in thermal equilibrium, mass, momentum and energy equations and a law of conservation of compatibility of the deformations and velocities are formulated. Using a representation of the force of interaction of the components in the form of the sum of equilibrium and dissipative components, a new form of inequality is obtained for the rate of entropy production. A definition of a thermoelastic saturated porous medium is given. The symmetry group of such a medium is considered as a set of two groups, corresponding to the symmetry of the skeleton and the fluid. It is shown that, in the class of thermoelastic porous media with an arbitrary type of symmetry of the skeleton, the saturating fluid can only be an ideal fluid, while the thermodynamic potentials and the porosity, stresses and entropies determined by them do not depend on the temperature gradient and the relative fluid velocity. It is found that the condition of incompressibility of only one of the components of the medium leads to the elimination of the porosity from the governing relations, rather than to kinematic limitations. The limitations imposed on the governing relations by the principle of thermodynamic consistency and the requirement of independence of the choice of the frame of reference are investigated. A form of the governing relations, necessary and sufficient to satisfy these principles, is obtained. It is shown that the Biot equations are one of the forms of thermodynamically consistent governing relations. A thermodynamic validation of the effective-stress tensor is given.     

Identification and orbit determination of a tethered satellite system

Orbital motion of a tethered satellite system, composed of two satellites and an inextensible tether, is considered by using a perturbed two-body model. This approach is adopted so that the determination of the orbit of one of the satellites can be attempted without using observations of the motion of the other satellite in the system. The identification of the tethered condition of the system using observations of only one of the satellites in the tethered satellite system is considered. The characteristics of the `tether perturbed' motion of the observed satellite are investigated. Estimation of the state of the system using near perfect data is also illustrated. Observations of one satellite provide the entire state of the system and a parameter involving the ratio of the masses of satellites and the tether length.